firmus

• firmis (late)

From Proto-Italic *fermos, from earlier *θermos, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰer-mo-s (“holding”) (whence also Sanskrit धर्म (dharma)), from the root *dʰer- (“to hold”) (whence also ferē and fermē).

Cognate with Sanskrit धरति (dhárati), Old Persian 𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎫𐎡𐎹 (d-a-r-y-t-i-y /⁠dārayatiy⁠/), Persian داشتن (“have, hold”), Lithuanian derė́ti, Russian держа́ть (deržátʹ).^[1]

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈfir.mus/, [ˈfɪrmʊs̠]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈfir.mus/, [ˈfirmus]

firmus (feminine firma, neuter firmum, comparative firmior, superlative firmissimus, adverb firmiter); first/second-declension adjective

1. strong, powerful

   Synonyms: praevalēns, validus, fortis, potis, potēns, strēnuus, ingēns, compos

   Antonyms: dēbilis, languidus, aeger, fractus, tenuis, obnoxius, inops

2. stable, firm

   Synonyms: dūrus, rōbustus

   Antonym: īnfirmus

3. faithful, steadfast, true

First/second-declension adjective.

• “firmus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “firmus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• firmus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • a strong, striking proof: argumentum firmum, magnum
    
• “firmus”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• firmus in Ramminger, Johann (2016 July 16 (last accessed)) Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700‎^[2], pre-publication website, 2005-2016