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Wiktionary

dem

See also: Appendix:Variations of "dem"
Languages (21)
English
Albanian • Catalan • Chinese • Danish • Galician • German • Irish • Jamaican Creole • Latin • Luxembourgish • Nigerian Pidgin • Northern Kurdish • Norwegian Bokmål • Pennsylvania German • Pitcairn-Norfolk • Swedish • Turkish • Wolof • Zazaki • Zhuang
Page categories

English

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Pronunciation

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Pronoun

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dem

  1. Nonstandard form of them.
    • 2007 February 25, Sia Michel, “Stephen Marley in Tallahassee, M.I.A. in India and Klaxons on Fire”, in New York Times‎[2]:
      Go tell dem natty dreadlocks no wear handcuff,” advises Damian Marley, his guest star and younger brother, who accuses the officers of jealousy.

Determiner

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dem

  1. Nonstandard form of them. (in the sense of "those")
    What are dem fings doing ’ere?
  2. (Caribbean, Jamaica, MLE, slang) (clitic, suffix) A group of.

Derived terms

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Anagrams

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Albanian

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Etymology

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From Proto-Albanian *dama, from Proto-Indo-European *dm̥h₂ós (“bull”) (compare Irish damh, Ancient Greek δάμαλος (dámalos, “calf”)), from *demh₂- (“to tame”) (compare Latin domō, English tame).[1]

Pronunciation

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Noun

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dem m (plural dema, definite demi, definite plural demat)

  1. bull
  2. main load-bearing beam in a floor

Declension

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Declension of dem
singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative dem demi dema demat
accusative demin
dative demi demit demave demave
ablative demash

Synonyms

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References

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  1. ^ Orel, Vladimir E. (2000) A concise historical grammar of the Albanian language: reconstruction of Proto-Albanian‎[1], Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 48

Catalan

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Verb

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dem

  1. inflection of dar:
    1. first-person plural present indicative/subjunctive
    2. first-person plural imperative

Chinese

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Etymology 1

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From clipping of English demonstrate.

Pronunciation

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Verb

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dem

  1. (Hong Kong Cantonese, colloquial) to demonstrate; to show; to perform
Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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From clipping of English Democrat.

Proper noun

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dem

  1. (Internet slang, US Politics) The Democratic Party in the United States.
  2. (Internet slang, US Politics) A member or supporter of the Democratic Party in the United States.

Danish

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /dɛm/, [ˈd̥ɛm], [d̥ɛm], [d̥m̩]

Pronoun

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dem (nominative de, possessive deres)

  1. them (3rd person plural, objective case)

See also

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Danish personal pronouns
Number Person Type Nominative Oblique Possessive
common neuter plural
Singular First – jeg mig min mit mine
Second modern / informal du dig din dit dine
formal (uncommon) De Dem Deres
Third masculine (person) han ham hans
feminine (person) hun hende hendes
common (noun) den dens
neuter (noun) det dets
indefinite man en ens
reflexive – sig sin sit sine
Plural First modern vi os vores
archaic / formal vor vort vore
Second – I jer jeres
Third – de dem deres
reflexive – sig

Galician

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Verb

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dem

  1. (reintegrationist norm) inflection of dar:
    1. third-person plural present subjunctive
    2. third-person plural imperative

German

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /deːm/ (stressed) (for the pronoun)
  • IPA(key): /dem/, /dəm/, /dm̩/ (unstressed) (for the article)
  • Audio:(file)
  • Audio:(file)

Article

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dem

  1. dative masculine/neuter singular of der: the

Declension

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German definite articles
Masculine Feminine Neuter Plural
Nominative der die das die
Genitive des der des der
Dative dem der dem den
Accusative den die das die

Pronoun

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dem (relative)

  1. dative masculine/neuter singular of der: to whom, to which

Declension

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Declension of der
masculine feminine neuter plural
nominative der die das die
genitive dessen deren
derer 		dessen deren
derer
dative dem der dem denen
accusative den die das die

Derived terms

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Further reading

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  • “dem” in Duden online
  • “dem” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache

Irish

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Pronunciation

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Contraction

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dem (triggers lenition)

  1. (Munster) Contraction of de mo (“from my”).
    Chrochas dem ghualainn é.
    I suspended it from my shoulder.
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Irish preposition contractions
Basic form Contracted with Copular forms
an (“the sg”) na (“the pl”) mo (“my”) do (“your”) a (“his, her, their; which (present)”) ár (“our”) ar (“which (past)”) (before consonant) (present/future before vowel) (past/conditional before vowel)
de (“from”) den de na
desna*		 de mo
dem*		 de do
ded*, det*		 dá dár dar darb darbh
do (“to, for”) don do na
dosna*		 do mo
dom*		 do do
dod*, dot*		 dá dár dar darb darbh
faoi (“under, about”) faoin faoi na faoi mo faoi do faoina faoinár faoinar faoinarb faoinarbh
i (“in”) sa, san sna i mo
im*		 i do
id*, it*		 ina inár inar inarb inarbh
le (“with”) leis an leis na le mo
lem*		 le do
led*, let*		 lena lenár lenar lenarb lenarbh
ó (“from, since”) ón ó na
ósna*		 ó mo
óm*		 ó do
ód*, ót*		 óna ónár ónar ónarb ónarbh
trí (“through”) tríd an trí na trí mo trí do trína trínár trínar trínarb trínarbh
*Dialectal.

Jamaican Creole

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Etymology

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From English them.

Pronunciation

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Pronoun

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dem

  1. they (plural)
  2. them (plural)
  3. theirs (plural possessive)

Derived terms

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Particle

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dem

  1. (postpositive) when placed after a noun phrase, the particle marks it as plural
    mi fren dem ― my friends

Latin

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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dem

  1. first-person singular present active subjunctive of dō

Luxembourgish

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Pronunciation

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Determiner

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dem m

  1. unstressed form of deem

Declension

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Luxembourgish definite articles
masculine feminine neuter plural
nom./acc. deen (den) déi (d') dat (d') déi (d')
dat. deem (dem) där (der) deem (dem) deen (den)
gen. der

Nigerian Pidgin

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Etymology

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From English them.

Pronoun

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dem

  1. them, they

Northern Kurdish

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Etymology

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From Proto-Indo-European [Term?] (compare Proto-Germanic *tīmô), from the root *deh₂y- (“to divide, apportion, share; division, time”). Cognate with English tide and especially time, Albanian ditë, Old Armenian տի (ti) and Sanskrit दीति (dītí, “brightness; time”).

(Can this(+) etymology be sourced?)

Noun

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dem f

  1. time

Norwegian Bokmål

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Pronunciation

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Pronoun

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dem

  1. them

See also

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    Personal pronouns in Bokmål
Number Person Type Nominative Oblique Possessive
feminine masculine neuter plural
Singular First – jeg meg mi min mitt mine
Second general du deg di din ditt dine
formal (rare) De Dem Deres
Third feminine (person) hun henne hennes
masculine (person) han ham / han hans
feminine (noun) den dens
masculine (noun)
neuter (noun) det dets
reflexive – seg si sin sitt sine
Plural First – vi oss vår vårt våre
Second general dere deres
formal (very rare) De Dem Deres
Third general de dem deres
reflexive – seg si sin sitt sine

Pennsylvania German

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Etymology

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Compare German dem.

Pronunciation

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Article

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dem (definite)

  1. dative masculine/neuter singular of der: the

Declension

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Pennsylvania German definite articles
Masculine Feminine Neuter Plural
Nominative der die es die
Dative dem or em der dem or em de
Accusative der or den die es die

Pitcairn-Norfolk

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Etymology

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From English them.

Pronoun

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dem

  1. them

References

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Swedish

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Pronunciation

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Pronoun

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dem (third-person plural)

  1. them; accusative/dative of de
    De ser dem
    They see them
  2. Misspelling of de.

Usage notes

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In most dialects, de (“they”) and dem (“them”) are no longer distinguished in speech. They are regularly mixed up in writing by native speakers, due to lack of grammatical intuition. The article de is often mixed up with dem as well.

Declension

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Swedish personal pronouns
Number Person Type Nominative Oblique Possessive
common neuter plural
singular first — jag mig, mej3 min mitt mina
second — du dig, dej3 din ditt dina
third masculine (person) han honom, han2, en5 hans
feminine (person) hon henne, na5 hennes
gender-neutral (person)1 hen hen, henom7 hens
common (noun) den den dess
neuter (noun) det det dess
indefinite man or en4 en ens
reflexive — sig, sej3 sin sitt sina
plural first — vi oss vår, våran2 vårt, vårat2 våra
second — ni er er, eran2, ers6 ert, erat2 era
archaic I eder eder, eders6 edert edra
third — de, dom3 dem, dom3 deras
reflexive — sig, sej3 sin sitt sina
1Neologism. Usage has increased since 2010, though it remains limited.
2Informal
4Dialectal, also used lately as an alternative to man, to avoid association to the male gender.
5Informal, somewhat dialectal
6Formal address
7Discouraged by the Swedish Language Council

See also

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Article

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dem

  1. Misspelling of de.

Anagrams

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Turkish

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Etymology 1

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Cognate with Old Turkic [script needed] (tam-), from Proto-Turkic *tem- (“to drip”).

Noun

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dem

  1. dew

Etymology 2

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Borrowed from Persian دم (dam).

Noun

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dem (obsolete, poetic)

  1. breath
  2. moment
Synonyms
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Etymology 3

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Inherited from Ottoman Turkish دم, from Arabic دَم (dam).[1]

Noun

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dem

  1. (obsolete, poetic) blood
Synonyms
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References

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  1. ^ Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “dem2”, in Nişanyan Sözlük

Wolof

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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dem

  1. to go

Conjugation

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Conjugation of dem
Present Imperfect Pluperfect Future
1st s. damay dem dama doon dem demoon naa dinaa dem
2nd s. dangay dem danga doon dem demoon nga dinga dem
3rd s. dafay dem dafa doon dem demoon na dina dem
1st p. dañuy dem dañu doon dem demoon nañu dinañu dem
2nd p. dangeen dem dangeen doon dem demoon ngeen dingeen dem
3rd p. deñuy dem deñu doon dem demoon nañu dinañu dem
Imperative
singular demal!
plural demleen!

References

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Omar Ka (2018) Nanu Dégg Wolof, National African Language Resource Center, →ISBN, page 100

Zazaki

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Etymology

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Related to Northern Kurdish dem.

Noun

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dem

  1. time

Zhuang

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Etymology

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From Chinese 添 (MC them).

Pronunciation

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Verb

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dem (Sawndip form 𣷹, 1957–1982 spelling dem)

  1. to add

Derived terms

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