avant-garde
English
editAlternative forms
editEtymology
editUnadapted borrowing from French avant-garde (“vanguard”). Doublet of vanguard and vaward.
Pronunciation
edit- (UK) IPA(key): /æˈvɑ̃t.ɡɑːd/, /æˈvɑ̃.ɡɑːd/, /ˌæ.vɑ̃ˈɡɑːd/, /ˈæ.vn̩t.ɡɑːd/
- (US) IPA(key): /ˌɑˌvɑntˈɡɑɹd/, /əˌvɑntˈɡɑɹd/, /ˌæ.vɑntˈɡɑɹd/, /ˌɑˌvæntˈɡɑɹd/, /əˌvæntˈɡɑɹd/, /ˌɑˌvɑ̃ˈɡɑɹd/, /ˌæˌvɑ̃ˈɡɑɹd/
Audio (General Australian): (file)
Noun
editavant-garde (plural avant-gardes)
- (obsolete) The vanguard of an army or other force.
- Antonym: arrière-garde
- Any group of people who invent or promote new techniques or concepts, especially in the arts.
- Antonym: arrière-garde
Translations
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Adjective
editavant-garde (comparative more avant-garde, superlative most avant-garde)
- Innovative and pioneering, especially when extremely or obviously so.
- Synonyms: underground; see also Thesaurus:innovation
- It was a very avant-garde production.
- 2014, James Dobson, Modesty and Self-Esteem[1]:
- I fear she will pay a heavy price for the avant-garde ideas she has been sold.
Translations
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Derived terms
editSee also
editFinnish
editEtymology
editUnadapted borrowing from French avant-garde.
Pronunciation
edit- IPA(key): /ˈɑʋɑntˌɡɑrde/, [ˈɑ̝ʋɑ̝n̪t̪ˌɡɑ̝rde̞]
- IPA(key): /ˈɑʋɑn(t)ˌɡɑːr(d)/, [ˈɑ̝ʋɑ̝n(t̪)ˌɡɑ̝ːr(d)]
- Rhymes: -ɑrde
- Hyphenation(key): avant‧garde
Noun
editavant-garde
- Synonym of avantgardismi.
Declension
editInflection of avant-garde (Kotus type 8/nalle, no gradation) | |||
---|---|---|---|
nominative | avant-garde | — | |
genitive | avant-garden | — | |
partitive | avant-gardea | — | |
illative | avant-gardeen | — | |
singular | plural | ||
nominative | avant-garde | — | |
accusative | nom. | avant-garde | — |
gen. | avant-garden | ||
genitive | avant-garden | — | |
partitive | avant-gardea | — | |
inessive | avant-gardessa | — | |
elative | avant-gardesta | — | |
illative | avant-gardeen | — | |
adessive | avant-gardella | — | |
ablative | avant-gardelta | — | |
allative | avant-gardelle | — | |
essive | avant-gardena | — | |
translative | avant-gardeksi | — | |
abessive | avant-gardetta | — | |
instructive | — | — | |
comitative | See the possessive forms below. |
Possessive forms of avant-garde (Kotus type 8/nalle, no gradation) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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French
editEtymology
editInherited from Old French avantgarde. By surface analysis, avant (“before, in front of”) + garde (“guard”).
Pronunciation
editNoun
editavant-garde f (plural avant-gardes)
- (military) vanguard [since mid-12th c.]
- Antonym: arrière-garde
- 1879, Alfred Barbou, Les Trois Républiques françaises : Histoire populaire de la République en France [The Three French Republics: People's history of the Republic in France], A. Duquesne:
- Le 11 décembre, les avant-gardes ennemies étaient signalées aux environs de Château-Thierry.
- On December 11, the enemy vanguard was reported in the vicinity of Château-Thierry.
- (figuratively) avant-garde, firing line [since mid-16th c.]
- (Marxism) vanguard, the most politicized and conscious part of the proletariat.
- 1917, Vladimir Lenin, “Chapter II, part 1”, in L’État et la Révolution[2]:
- En éduquant le parti ouvrier, le marxisme éduque une avant-garde du prolétariat capable de prendre le pouvoir et de mener le peuple tout entier au socialisme, de diriger et d’organiser un régime nouveau, d’être l’éducateur, le guide et le chef de tous les travailleurs et exploités pour l’organisation de leur vie sociale, sans la bourgeoisie et contre la bourgeoisie. Au contraire, l’opportunisme régnant éduque, dans le parti ouvrier, des représentants des travailleurs les mieux rétribués qui se détachent de la masse : ils "s’accommodent" assez bien du régime capitaliste et vendent pour un plat de lentilles leur droit d’aînesse, c’est-à-dire qu’ils abdiquent leur rôle de chefs révolutionnaires du peuple dans la lutte contre la bourgeoisie.
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
Derived terms
editDescendants
edit- → Danish: avantgarde
- → English: avant-garde
- → German: Avantgarde
- → Korean: 아방가르드 (abanggareudeu)
- → Norwegian Bokmål: avantgarde
- → Norwegian Nynorsk: avantgarde
- → Swedish: avantgarde
- → Turkish: avangart
Further reading
edit- “avant-garde”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Indonesian
editEtymology
editUnadapted borrowing from French avant-garde.
Noun
editavant-garde (plural avant-garde-avant-garde, first-person possessive avant-gardeku, second-person possessive avant-gardemu, third-person possessive avant-gardenya)
- avant-garde
- Synonyms: garda depan, pelopor, perintis
Further reading
edit- “avant-garde” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
Middle French
editNoun
editavant-garde f (plural avant-gardes)
Portuguese
editEtymology
editUnadapted borrowing from French avant-garde.
Pronunciation
edit
- Hyphenation: a‧vant-gar‧de
Noun
editavant-garde m (plural avant-gardes)
Adjective
editavant-garde m or f (plural avant-gardes)
- English terms borrowed from French
- English unadapted borrowings from French
- English terms derived from French
- English doublets
- English 3-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- English terms with audio pronunciation
- English lemmas
- English nouns
- English countable nouns
- English multiword terms
- English terms with obsolete senses
- English adjectives
- English terms with usage examples
- English terms with quotations
- en:Art
- en:People
- Finnish terms borrowed from French
- Finnish unadapted borrowings from French
- Finnish terms derived from French
- Finnish 4-syllable words
- Finnish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Finnish 3-syllable words
- Rhymes:Finnish/ɑrde
- Rhymes:Finnish/ɑrde/4 syllables
- Finnish lemmas
- Finnish nouns
- Finnish nalle-type nominals
- Finnish uncountable nouns
- fi:Art
- French terms inherited from Old French
- French terms derived from Old French
- French compound terms
- French 3-syllable words
- French terms with IPA pronunciation
- French terms with audio pronunciation
- French lemmas
- French nouns
- French countable nouns
- French multiword terms
- French feminine nouns
- fr:Military
- French terms with quotations
- fr:Marxism
- Indonesian terms borrowed from French
- Indonesian unadapted borrowings from French
- Indonesian terms derived from French
- Indonesian lemmas
- Indonesian nouns
- Indonesian multiword terms
- id:Art
- Middle French lemmas
- Middle French nouns
- Middle French multiword terms
- Middle French feminine nouns
- Middle French countable nouns
- frm:Military
- Portuguese terms borrowed from French
- Portuguese unadapted borrowings from French
- Portuguese terms derived from French
- Portuguese 4-syllable words
- Portuguese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Portuguese lemmas
- Portuguese nouns
- Portuguese countable nouns
- Portuguese multiword terms
- Portuguese masculine nouns
- Portuguese adjectives
- pt:Art