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-ich

See also: ich, Ich, ICH, ích, ịch, and -ich-

German

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Principally from Latin -iacum, itself from Celtic (compare *-ākos). However, other names were sometimes adapted to the suffix, as in Limperich (now a district of Bonn), which goes back to Middle High German Lintberg.

Pronunciation

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Suffix

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-ich

  1. Placename suffix found in the Rhineland.
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Middle Dutch

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Old Dutch -ig, from Proto-West Germanic *-g, from Proto-Germanic *-īgaz, *-agaz, *-ugaz.

Suffix

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-ich

  1. -y; forms adjectives from nouns.

Derived terms

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Middle Dutch terms suffixed with -ich

Descendants

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  • Dutch: -ig

Middle English

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Etymology 1

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Suffix

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-ich

  1. Alternative form of -yssh

Etymology 2

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Suffix

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-ich

  1. Alternative form of -y (“-y”)

Pennsylvania German

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Etymology

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From Middle High German -ec, -ic, from Old High German -ig, from Proto-Germanic *-gaz, from Proto-Indo-European *-kos. Compare German -ig, Dutch -ig, English -y, Swedish -ig.

Suffix

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-ich

  1. (adjectival) -y

Polish

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Etymology

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(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ix/
  • Rhymes: -ix
  • Syllabification: [please specify syllabification manually]

Suffix

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-ich m pers

  1. Alternative form of -ch
    ‎żenić + ‎-ich → ‎żenich
    ‎budzić + ‎-ich → ‎Budzich

Declension

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Declension of -ich
singular plural
nominative -ich -ichowie/-ichy (deprecative)
genitive -icha -ichów
dative -ichowi -ichom
accusative -icha -ichów
instrumental -ichem -ichami
locative -ichu -ichach
vocative -ichu -ichowie

Derived terms

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Polish terms suffixed with -ich

Saterland Frisian

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Etymology

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From Old Frisian -ich, from Proto-Germanic *-īgaz, variant of *-gaz, from Proto-Indo-European *-kos. Compare German and Dutch -ig, English -y.

Suffix

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-ich

  1. -y

Scottish Gaelic

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Old Irish -igidir (whence also Irish -igh), originally a denominative verb formative, from Proto-Celtic *-sagyetor; compare Welsh -hau.

Suffix

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-ich

  1. Suffix used to form verbs; semi-productive in Scottish Gaelic.

Conjugation

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Participles
Conjugation of -ich (regular)
singular plural impersonal
first second third m/f first second third
independent past -ich mi -ich thu -ich e/i -ich sinn -ich sibh -ich iad -icheadh
future -ichidh mi -ichidh tu -ichidh e/i -ichidh sinn -ichidh sibh -ichidh iad -ichear
-ichtear
conditional -ichinn -icheadh tu -icheadh e/i -icheamaid
-icheadh sinn 		-icheadh sibh -icheadh iad -ichteadh
-ichist1
-ichiste1
negative past cha do -ich mi cha do -ich thu cha do -ich e/i cha do -ich sinn cha do -ich sibh cha do -ich iad cha do -icheadh
future cha -ich mi cha -ich thu cha -ich e/i cha -ich sinn cha -ich sibh cha -ich iad cha -ichear
cha -ichtear
conditional cha -ichinn cha -icheadh tu cha -icheadh e/i cha -icheamaid
cha -icheadh sinn 		cha -icheadh sibh cha -icheadh iad cha -ichteadh
cha -ichist1
cha -ichiste1
affirmative
interrogative 		past an do -ich mi? an do -ich thu? an do -ich e/i? an do -ich sinn? an do -ich sibh? an do -ich iad? an do -icheadh?
future an -ich mi? an -ich thu? an -ich e/i? an -ich sinn? an -ich sibh? an -ich iad? an -ichear?
an -ichtear?
conditional an -ichinn? an -icheadh tu? an -icheadh e/i? an -icheamaid?
an -icheadh sinn? 		an -icheadh sibh? an -icheadh iad? an -ichteadh?
an -ichist?1
an -ichiste?1
negative
interrogative 		past nach do -ich mi? nach do -ich thu? nach do -ich e/i? nach do -ich sinn? nach do -ich sibh? nach do -ich iad? nach do -icheadh?
future nach -ich mi? nach -ich thu? nach -ich e/i? nach -ich sinn? nach -ich sibh? nach -ich iad? nach -ichear?
nach -ichtear?
conditional nach -ichinn? nach -icheadh tu? nach -icheadh e/i? nach -icheamaid?
nach -icheadh sinn? 		nach -icheadh sibh? nach -icheadh iad? nach -ichteadh?
nach -ichist?1
nach -ichiste?1
relative
future 		affirmative (ma) -icheas mi (ma) -icheas thu (ma) -icheas e/i (ma) -icheas sinn (ma) -icheas sibh (ma) -icheas iad (ma) -ichear
negative (mur) -ich mi (mur) -ich thu (mur) -ich e/i (mur) -ich sinn (mur) -ich sibh (mur) -ich iad (mur) -ichear
(mur) -ichtear
imperative -icheam -ich -icheadh e/i -icheamaid -ichibh -icheadh iad -ichear
-ichtear
stem -ich
verbal noun -igh
past participle -ichte
1 Lewis dialect form

Derived terms

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Scottish Gaelic terms suffixed with -ich

West Frisian

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Etymology

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From Old Frisian -ich, from Proto-Germanic *-īgaz, variant of *-gaz, from Proto-Indo-European *-kos.

Suffix

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-ich

  1. -y

Further reading

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  • “-ich”, in Wurdboek fan de Fryske taal (in Dutch), 2011
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