膩

See also: 腻

膩	U+81A9, 膩 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-81A9

← 膨
[U+81A8]

CJK Unified Ideographs

膪 →
[U+81AA]

Translingual

Han character

膩 (Kangxi radical 130, 肉+12, 16 strokes, cangjie input 月戈心金 (BIPC), four-corner 7324₀, composition ⿰月貳(GJK) or ⿰⺼貳(HT))

Derived characters

𫬤

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 994, character 5
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 29862
Dae Jaweon: page 1445, character 20
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2110, character 1
Unihan data for U+81A9

Chinese

trad.		膩
simp.		腻
2nd round simp.		胒

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (二) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
膩	*nis
二	*njis
弍	*njis
貳	*njis
樲	*njis

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *nis) : semantic 肉 (“meat”) + phonetic 貳 (OC *njis).

Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): nì (ni⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄋㄧˋ

(Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): nyi⁴
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): nei⁶

(Taishan, Wiktionary): nei⁵
Gan (Wiktionary): nyia⁵
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): ni / ne

(Meixian, Guangdong): ni⁴
Jin (Wiktionary): ni³
Northern Min (KCR): nā̤ / nī
Eastern Min (BUC): nê̤ṳ / né̤ṳ / nê
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): lī / jī

(Teochew, Peng'im): re⁶ / ni⁶
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶gni
Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): nyi⁵ / nyi⁴

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: nì
  - Zhuyin: ㄋㄧˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: nì
  - Wade–Giles: ni⁴
  - Yale: nì
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: nih
  - Palladius: ни (ni)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ni⁵¹/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: nyi⁴
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: ni
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /nʲi²¹³/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: nei⁶
  - Yale: neih
  - Cantonese Pinyin: nei⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: néi⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /nei̯²²/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: nei⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ⁿdei³²/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: nyia⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /n̠ʲia¹¹/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ni / ne
  - Hakka Romanization System: ni / ne
  - Hagfa Pinyim: ni⁴ / ne⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /ni⁵⁵/, /ne⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: ni⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /ni⁵³/

Note:

Sixian:
- ni - “fatty; oily”;
- ne - “too greasy”.

Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: ni³
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /ni⁴⁵/
Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: nā̤ / nī
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /nɛ⁵⁵/, /ni⁵⁵/

Note:

nā̤ - vernacular (“too greasy; to become soggy”);
nī - literary.

Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: nê̤ṳ / né̤ṳ / nê
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /nˡøy²⁴²/, /nˡøy²¹³/, /nˡɛi²⁴²/

Note:

nê̤ṳ - vernacular (“oily”);
né̤ṳ - vernacular (“too greasy or sweet; to be sick of”);
nê - literary (“meticulous”).

Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lī
  - Tâi-lô: lī
  - Phofsit Daibuun: li
  - IPA (Taipei): /li³³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /li⁴¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /li²²/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: jī
  - Tâi-lô: jī
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ji
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /zi³³/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /d͡zi²²/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: re⁶ / ni⁶
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: jṳ̆ / nĭ
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /d͡zɯ³⁵/, /ni³⁵/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁶gni
  - MiniDict: nyi^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³nyi
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /n̠ʲi²³/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: nyi⁵ / nyi⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /n̠ʲi²¹/, /n̠ʲi⁴⁵/

Note:

nyi5 - vernacular;
nyi4 - literary.

Middle Chinese: nrijH

Rime
Character	膩
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	娘 (12)
Final (韻)	脂 (17)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	女利切
Baxter	nrijH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɳˠiɪ^H/
Pan Wuyun	/ɳᵚi^H/
Shao Rongfen	/niɪ^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɳji^H/
Li Rong	/nji^H/
Wang Li	/ni^H/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ni^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	nì
Expected Cantonese Reflex	nei⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*nri[j]-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*nis/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	膩
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	nì
Middle Chinese	‹ nrij^H ›
Old Chinese	/*nri[j]-s/
English	oily
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	膩
Reading #	1/1
No.	2823
Phonetic component	二
Rime group	脂
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	膩
Old Chinese	/*nis/

Definitions

膩

fatty; oily
too greasy to bear
肥而不膩／肥而不腻 ― féi ér bù nì ― fat but not too greasy
(Northern Min) to become soggy
meticulous; delicate; glossy
to make (someone) feel sick; to disgust (someone)
to be sick of; to be tired of
(literary) dirt
sticky; grimy
intimate; close
(Beijing Mandarin) to stick around, causing others to be fed up
(Beijing Mandarin) to stick to (someone); to pester (someone)
(Beijing Mandarin) to fill a crack; to putty
(Sichuanese) to hesitate; to be irresolute

Synonyms

(too greasy): (Sichuanese) 釀／酿 (nyiang4)
(to be sick of):

Dialectal synonyms of 膩 (“to be sick of; to be tired of”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		膩, 厭倦
Northeastern Mandarin	Taiwan	膩
Northeastern Mandarin	Singapore	膩
Cantonese	Guangzhou	厭₁
Cantonese	Hong Kong	厭₁
Hakka	Meixian	膩
Southern Min	Taipei	厭₂ GT
	Singapore (Hokkien)	厭₂
	Manila (Hokkien)	厭₂
	Shantou	飫
	Jieyang	厭₂
	Singapore (Teochew)	厭₂
Wu	Wenzhou	㾯
Note	GT - General Taiwanese (no specific region identified)

(to hesitate):

edit

反顧／反顾 (fǎngù) (literary)
彳亍 (chìchù) (literary, figurative)
彷徨 (pánghuáng) (figurative)
徘徊 (figurative)
拿不定主意 (nábùdìng zhǔyì)
游移 (yóuyí)
猶疑／犹疑 (yóuyí)
猶豫／犹豫 (yóuyù)
疑蟯／疑蛲 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)
盤桓／盘桓 (pánhuán) (figurative)
躊躇／踌躇 (chóuchú)
巡巡 (xúnxún) (literary)
逡巡 (qūnxún) (literary)
遲疑／迟疑 (chíyí)

Compounds

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Cantonese (Jyutping): nau⁶

Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: nau⁶
  - Yale: nauh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: nau⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: neo⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /nɐu̯²²/

Definitions

膩

(Cantonese) Alternative form of 腬 (nau6, “heavy; filling; too greasy or sweet”)

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

Eastern Min (BUC): né̤ṳ / lé̤ṳ

Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: né̤ṳ / lé̤ṳ
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /nˡøy²¹³/, /l̃øy²¹³/

Definitions

膩

(Eastern Min) to nap; to doze

Japanese

Kanji

膩

(Hyōgai kanji)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

On (unclassified): じ (ji)、に (ni)
Kun: あぶら (abura)、あぶらあか (aburāka)

Korean

Hanja

膩 • (ni>i) (hangeul 니>이, revised ni>i, McCune–Reischauer ni>i, Yale ni>i)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.