Content deleted Content added
|
|
|
[[File:COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Halmahera Pakata Tobelo (voorgrond) en rorehe TMnr 10010571.jpg|thumb|A ''[[kora-kora]]'' from [[Halmahera]], [[Maluku Islands]] (c. 1920) with a tanja sail]]
Tanja sail can be distinguished by its canted/oblique design. The sail face is [[Asymmetry|asymmetrical]] in shape and most of the area is elongated to the sides, rather than upward like those of [[lug sail]]. Tanja sails were rigged similarly to crab claw sails and also had spars on both the head and the foot of the sails; but they were square or rectangular with the spars not converging into a point.<ref name="Campbell">{{cite journal |last1=Campbell |first1=I.C. |date=1995 |title=The Lateen Sail in World History |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/20078617 |journal=Journal of World History |volume=6 |issue=1 |pages=1–23 |jstor=20078617}}</ref><ref name="Horridge1986">{{cite journal |last1=Horridge |first1=Adrian |date=April 1986 |title=The Evolution of Pacific Canoe Rigs |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/25168892 |journal=The Journal of Pacific History |volume=21 |issue=2 |pages=83–99 |doi=10.1080/00223348608572530 |jstor=25168892}}</ref> They are generally mounted on one or two (rarely three) bipod or tripod masts, usually made from thick [[bamboo]].<ref name="Pelras"/><ref name="Burningham">{{cite book |last1=Burningham |first1=Nick |editor1-first=Angela|editor1-last= Schottenhammer |chapter=Shipping of the Indian Ocean World |title=Early global interconnectivity across the Indian Ocean world. Volume 2: Exchange of ideas, religions, and technologies |date=2019 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |isbn=9783319978017 |pages=141-202}}</ref><ref name="Chaudhuri">{{cite book |last1=Chaudhuri |first1=K.N. |title=Trade and Civilisation in the Indian Ocean: An Economic History from the Rise of Islam to 1750 |date=1985 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=9780521285421 |page=152}}</ref> The masts have bent heads with grooves for attaching the [[halyard]]s. The lower part of two of the bamboo poles of the mast assembly have holes that are aligned and slotted across a piece of timber, functioning as a hinge. The forward part of the mast assembly had a forelock. By unlocking it, the masts can be lowered across the ship.<ref name="Pelras"/>
Despite the similarity of its appearance to western square rigs, the tanja is a fore-and-aft rig functioning similar to a [[lugsail]]. The sail was suspended from the upper spar ("yard"), while the lower spar functioned like a boom. The sail can be rotated around the mast (lessening the need for steering with the rudders) and tilted to move the center of pull forward or aft. The sail can even be tilted completely horizontally, lifting the bow above incoming waves. The sail is [[reefing|reefed]] by rolling it around the lower spar.<ref name="Pelras">{{cite book |last1=Pelras |first1=Christian |title=The Bugis |date=1997 |publisher=John Wiley & Sons |isbn=9780631172314 |pages=258-259}}</ref>
|
