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River Brue: Difference between revisions

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[[File:Bow Bridge Bruton.jpg|thumb|left|[[Bow Bridge, Plox|Bow Bridge]]]]
 
[[Bow Bridge, Plox|Bow Bridge]] is a 15th-century [[Packhorse bridge]] over the River Brue in Plox, Bruton. It is a Grade I [[listed building]],<ref name="IoE">{{cite webNHLE|urlnum=https://historicengland.org.uk/listing/the-list/list-entry/1176195 |titledesc=Bow Bridge |work=historicengland.org.uk |publisher=English Heritage |accessdate=3 July 2009 |df= }}</ref> and [[scheduled monument]].<ref name="sher">{{cite web|url=http://www.somersetheritage.org.uk/record/50836 |title=Bow Bridge (also known as The Packhorse Bridge), Plox (North West side), Bruton |work=Somerset Historic Environment Record |publisher=Somerset County Council |accessdate=3 July 2009 |url-status=live |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161003100610/http://www.somersetheritage.org.uk/record/50836 |archivedate= 3 October 2016 }}</ref> The bridge may have been built as a link between the former [[Bruton Abbey]], and its Court House in the High Street.<ref name="IoE"/> The bridge was restored after floods in 1982.<ref>{{cite web|title=Bow Bridge, Bruton |url=http://www.transportheritage.com/find-heritage-locations.html?sobi2Task=sobi2Details&catid=86&sobi2Id=652 |publisher=Transport Heritage |accessdate=13 October 2015 |url-status=live |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141221200850/http://www.transportheritage.com/find-heritage-locations.html?sobi2Task=sobi2Details&catid=86&sobi2Id=652 |archivedate=21 December 2014 }}</ref>
 
The River Brue has a long history of flooding. Its lower reaches are close to sea-level, and the river above Bruton drains an area of {{convert|31|km²}} into a steep and narrow valley. In 1984 a protective dam was built {{convert|1|km}} upstream from the town.<ref name=vijay>{{cite book|last=Singh|first=Vijay P. |title=Watershed Hydrology: Proceedings of the International Conference on Water and Environment|publisher=Allied Publishers|location=Bhopal, India|date= 15–18 December 2003|pages=426, 485–488|isbn=978-81-7764-547-7|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=73DdflwDU0oC&pg=PA485}}</ref>
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Both [[Galton's Canal]] and [[Brown's Canal]], which were built in the early 19th century, were connected to the river.<ref>{{cite book | title=The Canals of South West England | first= Charles | last= Hadfield | pages= 190–191 | isbn= 0-7153-4176-6 |date=November 1967 | publisher=David & Charles | location=Newton Abbot (Devon)}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mqEEAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA183 |title=An Account of Improvement of a Shaking Bog at Meare in Somersetshire |first=Erasmus |last=Galton |work=Journal of the Royal Agricultural Society of England |publisher=[[Royal Agricultural Society of England|Royal Agricultural Society]] |year=1845 |volume=Journal of the Royal Agricultural Society of England Volume 6 }}</ref> The [[Glastonbury Canal]] used the course of the River Brue from Highbridge to Cripp's Bridge, and part of the South Drain to Ashcott Corner.<ref name=gc/> The Glastonbury Canal ran for just over {{convert|14|mi|km}} through two [[canal lock|locks]] from [[Glastonbury]] to [[Highbridge, Somerset|Highbridge]], where it entered the [[River Parrett]] and from there the [[Bristol Channel]]. The canal was authorised by [[Parliament of the United Kingdom|Parliament]] in 1827 and opened in 1834.<ref>{{cite book |last=Dunning |first=Robert |title=A History of Somerset |year=1983 |publisher=Phillimore & Co |location=Chichester |isbn=978-0-85033-461-6}}</ref> It was operated by The Glastonbury Navigation & Canal Company.<ref>{{cite book |first=G. |last=Body |first2=R. |last2=Gallop |year=2001 |title=The Glastonbury Canal |publisher=Fiducia Press |isbn=978-0-946217-08-3}}</ref> Most of it was abandoned as a navigation in 1854, when a railway was built along the towpath.
 
During the [[Second World War]] the Brue was incorporated into [[GHQ Line]] and many [[British hardened field defences of World War II|pillboxes]] were constructed along the river.<ref>{{cite book| last = Foot | first = William | title = Beaches, fields, streets, and hills&nbsp;... the anti-invasion landscapes of England, 1940 | publisher = Council for British Archaeology | year = 2006| isbn = 1-902771-53-2 | pages= 267–272 }}</ref> [[Gants Mill]] at [[Pitcombe]], near Bruton, is a [[watermill]] which is still used to mill cattle feed. A {{convert|12|kW}} [[Hydroelectricity|hydroelectric]] turbine was recently installed at the site. There has been a mill here since the 13th century, but the current building was built in 1810.<ref>{{cite webNHLE|titledesc=Gants Mill |urlnum=https://historicengland.org.uk/listing/the-list/list-entry/1251831 |website=historicengland.org.uk |publisher=Historic England |accessdate=20 October 2015 |df= }}</ref>
 
Following summer floods of 1997 and the prolonged flooding of 1999–2000 the Parrett Catchment Project was formed, partly funded by the [[European Union]] [[European Regional Development Fund|Regional Development Fund]], by 30 organisations, including [[British Waterways]], [[Campaign to Protect Rural England]], [[Countryside Agency]], [[Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs]], Environment Agency, Kings Sedgemoor and Cary Vale Internal Drainage Board (now part of Parrett Internal Drainage Board), Levels and Moors Partnership, [[National Farmers Union of England and Wales|National Farmers Union]], Sedgemoor, [[Somerset County Council]], [[South Somerset|South Somerset District Council]], [[Taunton Deane]] and Wessex Water.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.parrettcatchment.info/who-we-are/|title=Who we are|publisher=Parrett Catchment Project|accessdate=18 December 2009|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150110220616/http://www.parrettcatchment.info/who-we-are/|archivedate=10 January 2015}}</ref> They aim to tackle twelve areas, which, when combined, will make a significant contribution to reducing the adverse effects of flooding. These include the conversion of arable land, adoption of the Sustainable Drainage Systems (SuDS) approach to controlling rainwater runoff from developed areas, dredging, raising riverbanks and improving pumping facilities.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.parrettcatchment.info/what-we-are-doing/|title=What we are doing|publisher=Parrett Catchment project|accessdate=18 December 2009|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150110220710/http://www.parrettcatchment.info/what-we-are-doing/|archivedate=10 January 2015}}</ref> Further studies of the possible beneficial effects of woodland in reducing flooding have also been undertaken.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.forestresearch.gov.uk/pdf/FR_report_2004-5_floodplain.pdf/$FILE/FR_report_2004-5_floodplain.pdf |format=PDF |title=Interactions between floodplain woodland and the freshwater environment |accessdate=8 December 2007 |work=Forest Research: Annual Report and Accounts2004–2005 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080906112851/http://www.forestresearch.gov.uk/pdf/FR_report_2004-5_floodplain.pdf/%24FILE/FR_report_2004-5_floodplain.pdf |archivedate=6 September 2008 }}</ref>