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{{Automatic taxobox
| fossil_range = <br />[[Mississippian (geology)|Mississippian]]–[[Holocene|Present]], {{Fossil range|340|0}}
| image = <imagemap>File:Reptiliomorpha.png |
rect 0 0 499 330 [[Archeria (animal)|Archeria crassidica]]
rect 500 0 999 330 [[Seymouria|Seymouria sanjuanensis]]
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In 1956, [[Friedrich von Huene]] included both amphibians and [[Anapsida|anapsid]] [[reptile]]s in the Reptiliomorpha. This included the following [[Scientific classification|orders]]: [[Anthracosauria]], [[Seymouriamorpha]], [[Microsauria]], [[Diadectomorpha]], [[Procolophonia]], [[Pareiasaur]]ia, [[Captorhinomorpha|Captorhinidia]], [[Testudines|Testudinata]].<ref>Von Huene, F., (1956), ''Paläontologie und Phylogenie der niederen Tetrapoden'', G. Fischer, Jena.</ref>
[[Michael J. Benton|Michael Benton]] (2000, 2004) made it the sister-clade to [[Lepospondyli]], containing "anthracosaurs" (in the strict sense, i.e. [[Embolomeri]]), seymouriamorphs, diadectomorphs and amniotes.<ref name="Benton 2000"/> Subsequently, Benton included lepospondyls in Reptiliomorpha as well.<ref>{{cite book|chapter=Appendix: Classification of the Vertebrates |author=Benton, M.J.|year=2015|title=Vertebrate Paleontology|edition=4th|publisher=Wiley Blackwell |pages=433–447|isbn=978-1-118-40684-7|no-pp=true}}</ref> However, when considered in a [[Linnaean taxonomy|Linnean]] framework, Reptiliomorpha is given the rank of [[superorder]] and includes only reptile-like amphibians, not their amniote descendants.<ref>''Systema Naturae'' (2000) / Classification [http://sn2000.taxonomy.nl/Main/Classification/646602.htm Superorder Reptiliomorpha] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060227140713/http://sn2000.taxonomy.nl/Main/Classification/646602.htm |date=2006-02-27 }}</ref>
Several phylogenetic studies indicate that amniotes and diadectomorphs share a more recent common ancestor with [[Lepospondyli|lepospondyls]] than with seymouriamorphs, ''Gephyrostegus'' and Embolomeri (e.g. Laurin and Reisz, 1997,<ref name=LR97>{{cite book |last=Laurin |first=M. |author2=Reisz, R.R. |year=1997 |chapter=A new perspective on tetrapod phylogeny |title=Amniote Origins: Completing the Transition to Land |url=https://archive.org/details/amnioteoriginsco00sumi |url-access=limited |editor=Sumida, S.S. |editor2=Martin, K.L.M. |publisher=Academic Press |pages=[https://archive.org/details/amnioteoriginsco00sumi/page/n19 9]–60 |isbn=978-0-12-676460-4 }}</ref> 1999;<ref name="LR99">{{cite journal|last=Laurin|first=M.|author2=Reisz, R.R.|year=1999|title=A new study of ''Solenodonsaurus janenschi'', and a reconsideration of amniote origins and stegocephalian evolution|url=https://www.academia.edu/1177181|journal=Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences|volume=36|issue=8|pages=1239–1255|doi=10.1139/e99-036}}</ref> Ruta, Coates and Quicke, 2003;<ref name=RCQ03 /> Vallin and Laurin, 2004;<ref name=VallinLaurin /> Ruta and Coates, 2007<ref name=RC07>{{cite journal |last=Ruta |first=M. |author2=Coates, M.I. |year=2007 |title=Dates, nodes and character conflict: addressing the lissamphibian origin problem |journal=Journal of Systematic Palaeontology |volume=5 |issue=1 |pages=69–122 |doi=10.1017/S1477201906002008|s2cid=86479890 }}</ref>). Lepospondyls are one of the groups of tetrapods suggested to be ancestors of living amphibians; as such, their potential close relationship to amniotes has important implications for the content of Reptiliomorpha. Assuming that lissamphibians aren't descended from lepospondyls but from a different group of tetrapods, e.g. from [[Temnospondyli|temnospondyls]],<ref name=RCQ03 /><ref name=RC07 /><ref name=PLOS2012Eocaecilia>{{cite journal |author=Hillary C. Maddin, Farish A. Jenkins Jr and Jason S. Anderson |year=2012 |title=The braincase of ''Eocaecilia micropodia'' (Lissamphibia, Gymnophiona) and the origin of caecilians |journal=PLOS ONE |volume=7 |issue=12 |pages=e50743 |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0050743 |pmid=23227204 |bibcode=2012PLoSO...750743M |pmc=3515621 |doi-access=free }}</ref> it would mean that Lepospondyli belonged to Reptiliomorpha ''sensu'' Laurin (2001), as it would make them more closely related to amniotes than to lissamphibians. On the other hand, if lissamphibians are descended from lepospondyls,<ref name=VallinLaurin /><ref name=LR97 /><ref name=LR99 /> then not only Lepospondyli would have to be excluded from Reptiliomorpha, but seymouriamorphs, ''Gephyrostegus'' and Embolomeri would also have to be excluded from this group, as this would make them more distantly related to amniotes than living amphibians are. In that case, the clade Reptiliomorpha ''sensu'' Laurin would contain, apart from Amniota, only diadectomorphs and possibly also ''[[Solenodonsaurus]]''.<ref name=VallinLaurin />
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File:Diasparactus1DB.jpg|''[[Diasparactus]]'', a [[diadectid]] diadectomorph
File:Thylacinus cynocephalus white background.jpg|''[[Thylacinus]]'', an [[amniote]] synapsid
File:Komodo dragon (Varanus komodoensis).jpg|[[Komodo dragon]] (''Varanus komodoensis''), an amniote sauropsid
</gallery>
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