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===1878–1920: Original railroad===
[[File:Manha Bound Advent 3DD03176-A20C-496D-8CD1-0F8A50557017.jpg|thumb|left|[[Manhattan]] bound Q train of [[R68A (New York City Subway car)|R68As]] leaving [[Sheepshead Bay station|Sheepshead Bay]]]]
The predecessor to the subway service known as the Q today was the Brooklyn, Flatbush and Coney Island Railway. On July 2, 1878, this [[steam railroad]] began operations on what would become the [[BMT Brighton Line]], from [[Prospect Park (BMT Brighton Line)|Prospect Park]] to the Brighton Beach Hotel in [[Brighton Beach]], which opened at the same time. The Brighton Beach Hotel was located on [[Coney Island]] by the [[Atlantic Ocean]] at the foot of modern-day Coney Island Avenue. Passengers could make connections with the [[horsecar]]s of the [[Brooklyn City Railroad]] at the Prospect Park terminal.<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zuFSUZqQaiIC&
On August 19, 1878, service was extended north from Prospect Park along what is today the [[BMT Franklin Avenue Line]] used by the [[Franklin Avenue Shuttle]], to Atlantic Avenue west of Franklin Avenue, a location known as <!--Bedford Terminal of the BB&CI and--> Bedford station on what is today the [[Atlantic Branch]] of the [[Long Island Rail Road]] (LIRR).<ref name=":4" />{{Rp|11}} A physical connection existed between the Brighton, Flatbush and Coney Island Railway and the LIRR. By mutual agreement trains of the Brooklyn, Flatbush and Coney Island Railway ran on LIRR trackage west to its terminal at [[Atlantic Terminal|Flatbush Avenue]] and Atlantic Avenue, providing a connection to Downtown Brooklyn and ferries to Manhattan. LIRR trains also operated to Brighton Beach from Flatbush Avenue and from its own terminal in [[Long Island City]], with ferry access to [[Midtown Manhattan]]. Initially, service operated during the summer season only. At the end of the 1882 summer season, the LIRR abrogated its agreement allowing Brighton Line trains to access its Flatbush Avenue terminal and beginning with the 1883 summer season, only Brooklyn, Flatbush and Coney Island trains operated between Bedford Terminal and Brighton Beach.
In 1896, a short elevated extension of the Brighton Beach Line (since reorganized as the Brooklyn & Brighton Beach Railroad) opened to the corner of [[Franklin Avenue–Fulton Street (New York City Subway)|Franklin Avenue and Fulton Street]] in the north. This extension connected to the [[BMT Fulton Street Line|Fulton Street Line]] of the [[Kings County Elevated Railroad]], allowing [[rapid transit]] trains on Fulton Street to operate along the Brighton Line. These trains ran from Brighton Beach, up the Franklin Avenue and Fulton Street lines to the Brooklyn side of the [[Brooklyn Bridge]], where walking or transferring to a [[cable car (railway)|cable car]] service connection over the bridge allowed access to [[New York City Hall]] at Park Row in Manhattan. In 1900, elevated trains were through-routed to [[Park Row (BMT station)|Park Row]] without need to change trains.<ref name=":5">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=D4cUCgAAQBAJ&
In 1908, a massive grade crossing elimination project was completed with a 4-track line from south of Church Avenue station to Neptune Avenue near the [[Coney Island Creek]], permitting true local and express service, as pioneered on the New York City Subway that opened in 1904.<ref name=":4" />{{Rp|22}} The Brighton Beach line was also converted to electrified third rail. Brighton Beach local and express service was extended to a new West End terminal at Stillwell and Surf Avenues, the location of the [[Coney Island – Stillwell Avenue (BMT Brighton Line)|Coney Island terminal]] for the BMT Southern Division, in May 1919.<ref>{{cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/undersidewalksof00cuda |url-access=registration |quote=brighton line brooklyn. |title=Under the Sidewalks of New York: The Story of the Greatest Subway System in the World |last=Cudahy |first=Brian J. |date=January 1, 1995 |publisher=Fordham University Press
===1920–1950: Subway service begins===
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On August 1, 1920, subway service on the [[BMT Brighton Line]], then owned by the [[Brooklyn-Manhattan Transit Corporation]] (BMT), officially began with the openings of a two-track underground subway between Prospect Park and [[DeKalb Avenue (BMT Fourth Avenue Line)|DeKalb Avenue]] and the [[Montague Street Tunnel]] between Brooklyn and Manhattan.<ref name=":5" />{{Rp|285}} This subway service was labeled 1 by the BMT starting in 1924. 1 Brighton Express service operated during the daytime every day except Sunday between Brighton Beach and [[Times Square-42nd Street (BMT Broadway Line)|Times Square-42nd Street]] in Manhattan via the Montague Street Tunnel and the [[BMT Broadway Line]]. 1 Brighton Local service operated between Coney Island and [[57th Street–Seventh Avenue (BMT Broadway Line)|57th Street–Seventh Avenue]] via the north side tracks of the [[Manhattan Bridge]] and the Broadway Line.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KEwe-UMAYWEC&
On October 17, 1949, the [[BMT Astoria Line|IRT Astoria Line]] in Queens, up to this point operated by the [[Interborough Rapid Transit]] (IRT), was converted to BMT operation. 1 Local trains were extended via the [[60th Street Tunnel]] and the BMT Astoria Line to [[Astoria–Ditmars Boulevard (BMT Astoria Line)|Astoria–Ditmars Boulevard]] during rush hours. Number 2 [[R (New York City Subway service)|Fourth Avenue Local]] trains also ran here at all times.
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On June 28, 2010, the Q was extended from [[57th Street–Seventh Avenue (BMT Broadway Line)|57th Street–Seventh Avenue]] to [[Astoria–Ditmars Boulevard (BMT Astoria Line)|Astoria–Ditmars Boulevard]] via the [[60th Street Tunnel]] and [[BMT Astoria Line]] on weekdays, stopping at [[49th Street (BMT Broadway Line)|49th Street]], to replace the {{NYCS|W}}, which was discontinued due to budget problems.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.mta.info/press-release/nyc-transit/major-subway-changes-set-monday|title=Major Subway Changes Set for Monday|date=June 24, 2010|website=mta.info|access-date=October 20, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://web.mta.info/mta/news/books/docs/NYCT_2010_Service_Reduction_Evaluation.pdf|title=Evaluation of 2010 Service Reductions|last=|first=|date=September 23, 2011|website=mta.info|publisher=New York City Transit|access-date=October 20, 2016}}</ref>
On December 7, 2014, late night Q service began operating local in Manhattan between 57th Street-Seventh Avenue and [[Canal Street (BMT Broadway Line)|Canal Street]] during late nights, in order to decrease waiting time at the local stations.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mta.info/news-new-york-city-transit-subway-sign-shop/2014/10/17/look-inside-mta-new-york-city-transit%E2%80%99s-sign|title=A Look Inside MTA New York City
On November 7, 2016, weekday Q service was cut back from Astoria to 57th Street-Seventh Avenue, skipping 49th Street, to provide a seamless transition for the opening of the Second Avenue Subway.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://web.mta.info/nyct/service/nqrw/#service|title=Revised Broadway Service|website=mta.info|publisher=Metropolitan Transportation Authority|accessdate=November 3, 2016}}</ref> Service to Astoria and the 49th Street station was replaced by the restored W service.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=http://www.ny1.com/nyc/all-boroughs/news/2016/02/19/w-train-is-coming-back-.html|title=MTA Confirms W Train is Coming Back|last=Martinez|first=Jose|date=February 20, 2016|website=TWC News|access-date=February 20, 2016}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web|url=http://www.mta.info/press-release/nyc-transit/mta-advances-work-second-avenue-subway-service|title=MTA Advances Work On Second Avenue Subway Service|date=February 19, 2016|website=mta.info|publisher=Metropolitan Transportation Authority|access-date=February 19, 2016}}</ref>
On January 1, 2017, the first phase of the [[Second Avenue Subway]] opened; the Q was extended from 57th Street-Seventh Avenue to [[96th Street (Second Avenue Subway)|96th Street]] via the [[63rd Street Lines|BMT 63rd Street Line]] and the IND Second Avenue Line. This extension serves [[Lexington Avenue–63rd Street (63rd Street Lines)|Lexington Avenue–63rd Street]] station with a [[cross-platform interchange|cross-platform transfer]] to the [[63rd Street Lines|IND 63rd Street Line]] (served by the {{NYCS trains|63rd IND}}) before serving new stations under Second Avenue at [[72nd Street (Second Avenue Subway)|72nd Street]], [[86th Street (Second Avenue Subway)|86th Street]], and 96th Street, where it originates/terminates.<ref name=":13">{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/01/01/nyregion/second-avenue-subway-opening-upper-east-side-manhattan.html|title=Opening of Second Avenue Subway: Updates|
===Future===
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