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{{Expand Japanese|topic=geo|長岡市|date=February 2022}}
{{Infobox settlement
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| settlement_type = [[Special cities of Japan|Special city]]
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| image_skyline = {{
| perrow = 1/2/3
| border = infobox
| total_width = 299
| image1 = Nagaoka_Festival_Fireworks_2015_Phoenix_20150802.jpg
| image2 = Echigo Hillside Park 08.jpg{{!}}越後丘陵公園
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| image4 = Nagaoka City Local Museum.jpg{{!}}
| image5 = Chosei_bridge_light_up.jpg
| image6 = Nagaoka Koi Show 07.jpg
}}
| image_caption = <table style="width:280px;margin:2px auto; border-collapse: collapse">
<tr><td colspan="6">Nagaoka Matsuri and Fireworks</tr>
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| pushpin_label_position = <!-- position of the pushpin label: left, right, top, bottom, none -->
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption =
| coordinates = {{coord|37|26|46.3|N|138|51|4.5|E|region:JP-15|display=it}}
| coor_pinpoint = <!-- to specify exact location of coordinates (was coor_type) -->
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| area_code =
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| blank_info_sec1 =
| blank1_name_sec1 =
| blank1_info_sec1 =
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| blank_name_sec2
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| website = {{Official|1=http://www.city.nagaoka.niigata.jp}}
| footnotes =
| module = {{Infobox place symbols| embedded=yes
| tree = [[Zelkova serrata]]
| flower = [[Azalea]]
| bird =
| flowering_tree =
| butterfly =
| fish = [[Kōhaku (fish)|Nishiki koi]]
| other_symbols =
}}
}}
{{
==Geography==
[[File:Nagaoka from the sky.jpg|thumb
Nagaoka is in the center of Niigata prefecture and the surrounding [[Chūetsu]] region of Japan, between [[138th meridian east|longitude 138°E]] and [[37th parallel north|latitude 37°N]]. It is 80 minutes from [[Tokyo]] by way of the [[Joetsu Shinkansen]] or three hours on the [[Kan-Etsu Expressway]] and is considered a strategic traffic point in the region. Nagaoka was an inland city until January 1, 2006, when the city merged with four municipalities; two were touching the [[Sea of Japan]]. The [[Shinano River]] flows through the city from south to north and industrial development is on both banks of the river. The Higashiyama mountain range lies to the east.
===Surrounding municipalities===
* [[Niigata Prefecture]]
** [[Izumozaki, Niigata|Izumozaki]]
** [[
** [[Kashiwazaki, Niigata|Kashiwazaki]]
** [[
** [[Nishikan-ku, Niigata]]
** [[
** [[
** [[Tōkamachi, Niigata|Tōkamachi]]
** [[
** [[Uonuma, Niigata|Uonuma]]
** [[
=== Climate ===
Nagaoka has a [[Humid subtropical climate|humid climate]] (Köppen ''Cfa'') characterized by warm, wet summers and cold winters with heavy snowfall. The average annual temperature in Nagaoka is {{convert|
{{Weather box
|collapsed = Y
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|location = Nagaoka (1991−2020 normals, extremes 1976−present)
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|Jan
|Feb
|Mar
|Apr
|May
|Jun
|Jul
|Aug
|Sep
|Oct
|Nov
|Dec record low C = -8.4
|Jan high C = 4.5
|Feb high C = 5.2
|Mar high C = 9.4
|Apr high C = 16.5
|May high C = 22.3
|Jun high C = 25.7
|Jul high C = 29.1
|Aug high C = 30.9
|Sep high C = 26.7
|Oct high C = 20.6
|Nov high C = 14.0
|Dec high C = 7.6
|Jan mean C = 1.6
|Feb mean C = 1.8
|Mar mean C = 4.9
|Apr mean C = 11.0
|May mean C = 16.9
|Jun mean C = 21.0
|Jul mean C = 24.8
|Aug mean C = 26.2
|Sep mean C = 22.0
|Oct mean C = 15.9
|Nov mean C = 9.6
|Dec mean C = 4.2
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|precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation mm = 294.4
|Feb precipitation
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|Feb precipitation days = 20.5
|Mar precipitation days = 18.7
|Apr precipitation days = 13.4
|May precipitation days = 10.6
|Jun precipitation days = 11.5
|Jul precipitation days = 13.8
|Aug precipitation days = 11.1
|Sep precipitation days = 13.6
|Oct precipitation days = 15.1
|Nov precipitation days = 19.9
|Dec precipitation days = 24.7
|Jan snow cm = 197
|Feb snow cm = 155
|Mar snow cm = 52
|Apr snow cm = 1
|May snow cm = 0
|Jun snow cm = 0
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|Sep snow cm = 0
|Oct snow cm = 0
|Nov snow cm =
|Dec snow cm =
|year snow cm = 477
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|Jan sun = 37.3
|Feb sun = 60.6
|Mar sun = 117.9
|Apr sun = 170.8
|May sun = 201.3
|Jun sun = 155.4
|Jul sun = 143.9
|Aug sun = 193.5
|Sep sun = 141.0
|Oct sun = 132.4
|Nov sun = 88.3
|Dec sun = 49.3
|year sun = 1493.9
|source 1 = [[Japan Meteorological Agency]]<ref>{{cite web
| url = https://www.data.jma.go.jp/obd/stats/etrn/view/rank_a.php?prec_no=54&block_no=0529&year=&month=&day=&view=h0
|script-title=ja:観測史上1～10位の値（年間を通じての値）
| publisher = [[Japan Meteorological Agency|JMA]]
| access-date = March 24, 2022}}</ref><ref name="normals">{{cite web
| url = https://www.data.jma.go.jp/obd/stats/etrn/view/nml_amd_ym.php?prec_no=54&block_no=0529&year=&month=&day=&view=h0
|script-title=ja:気象庁 / 平年値（年・月ごとの値）
| publisher = [[Japan Meteorological Agency|JMA]]
| access-date = March 24, 2022}}</ref>}}
{{Weather box
|width=auto
|collapsed = Y
|single line = Y
|metric first = Y
|location = [[Teradomari, Niigata|Teradomari]], Nagaoka (2001−2020 normals, extremes 2001−present)
|Jan record high C = 14.6
|Feb record high C = 21.7
|Mar record high C = 23.3
|Apr record high C = 26.8
|May record high C = 31.2
|Jun record high C = 33.0
|Jul record high C = 39.4
|Aug record high C = 40.6
|Sep record high C = 38.0
|Oct record high C = 32.1
|Nov record high C = 24.2
|Dec record high C = 18.8
|Jan record low C = -6.6
|Feb record low C = -6.4
|Mar record low C = -5.3
|Apr record low C = -1.3
|May record low C = 4.6
|Jun record low C = 10.0
|Jul record low C = 14.4
|Aug record low C = 15.6
|Sep record low C = 7.9
|Oct record low C = 3.9
|Nov record low C = -1.6
|Dec record low C = -3.3
|Jan high C = 5.7
|Feb high C = 6.7
|Mar high C = 10.7
|Apr high C = 15.9
|May high C = 21.1
|Jun high C = 25.0
|Jul high C = 28.3
|Aug high C = 30.6
|Sep high C = 26.7
|Oct high C = 20.8
|Nov high C = 14.6
|Dec high C = 8.6
|Jan mean C = 2.6
|Feb mean C = 2.9
|Mar mean C = 5.9
|Apr mean C = 10.7
|May mean C = 16.0
|Jun mean C = 20.3
|Jul mean C = 24.1
|Aug mean C = 25.9
|Sep mean C = 21.9
|Oct mean C = 16.0
|Nov mean C = 10.2
|Dec mean C = 5.1
|Jan low C = -0.1
|Feb low C = -0.3
|Mar low C = 1.8
|Apr low C = 6.3
|May low C = 11.9
|Jun low C = 16.7
|Jul low C = 21.1
|Aug low C = 22.5
|Sep low C = 18.4
|Oct low C = 12.2
|Nov low C = 6.5
|Dec low C = 1.9
|precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation mm = 181.6
|Feb precipitation mm = 111.3
|Mar precipitation mm = 114.8
|Apr precipitation mm = 103.4
|May precipitation mm = 91.3
|Jun precipitation mm = 127.9
|Jul precipitation mm = 273.7
|Aug precipitation mm = 150.4
|Sep precipitation mm = 160.5
|Oct precipitation mm = 154.3
|Nov precipitation mm = 219.0
|Dec precipitation mm = 247.4
|year precipitation mm = 1962.9
|unit precipitation days = 1.0 mm
|Jan precipitation days = 22.8
|Feb precipitation days = 17.8
|Mar precipitation days = 16.3
|Apr precipitation days = 12.4
|May precipitation days = 10.3
|Jun precipitation days = 9.5
|Jul precipitation days = 14.4
|Aug precipitation days = 10.7
|Sep precipitation days = 12.6
|Oct precipitation days = 13.7
|Nov precipitation days = 19.2
|Dec precipitation days = 23.8
|Jan sun = 46.1
|Feb sun = 76.8
|Mar sun = 140.9
|Apr sun = 187.3
|May sun = 212.3
|Jun sun = 194.7
|Jul sun = 160.1
|Aug sun = 216.9
|Sep sun = 168.0
|Oct sun = 141.4
|Nov sun = 86.5
|Dec sun = 49.5
|year sun = 1675.3
|source 1 = [[Japan Meteorological Agency]]<ref>{{cite web
| url = https://www.data.jma.go.jp/obd/stats/etrn/view/rank_a.php?prec_no=54&block_no=0524&year=&month=&day=&view=h0
|script-title=ja:観測史上1～10位の値（年間を通じての値）
| publisher = [[Japan Meteorological Agency|JMA]]
| access-date = March 24, 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite web
| url = https://www.data.jma.go.jp/obd/stats/etrn/view/nml_amd_ym.php?prec_no=54&block_no=0524&year=&month=&day=&view=h0
|script-title=ja:気象庁 / 平年値（年・月ごとの値）
| publisher = [[Japan Meteorological Agency|JMA]]
| access-date = March 24, 2022}}</ref>}}
==Demographics==
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==History==
[[File:
[[File:Nagaoka jouka nenju gyouji zue - Nenshi tojo.jpg|200px|thumb|Picture of annual event of the Nagaoka castle – going into the castle for New Year greeting]]
The area of present-day Nagaoka was part of ancient [[Echigo Province]]. Under the [[Tokugawa shogunate]], a [[jōkamachi|castle town]] was constructed by [[Hori Naoyori]] lord of [[Nagaoka Domain]] in 1616. However, as the initial castle was located in an area prone to flooding by the [[Shinano River]], a new castle was built at the site of present-day [[Nagaoka Station]] in 1617. Nagaoka flourished as under the reign of the 13 generations of the [[Makino clan]] during the [[Edo period]]. In the [[Boshin War]] of 1868 during the [[Meiji Restoration]], Nagaoka Domain was a member of the [[Ōuetsu Reppan Dōmei]] against the imperial forces, and the city was reduced to rubble during the [[Battle of Hokuetsu]]. A gift of one hundred sacks of rice from a neighboring province was sold to finance a new school during the reconstruction of Nagaoka, from which the anecdote of ''[[Kome Hyappyo]]'' was born.{{citation needed|date=September 2016}}
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=== Municipal timeline ===
[[File:Amalgamation Nagaoka jp.svg|150px|thumb|left|'''Yellow:''' 10 former municipalities merged into Nagaoka in the 2000's.]]
* April 1, 1906: The city of Nagaoka is established.
* August 1, 1945: Nagaoka is reduced to rubble by 125 [[B-29 Superfortress|B-29 bombers]] in the [[Bombing of Nagaoka in World War II]]. 1,470 lives are lost.
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* October 23, 2004: The [[2004 Chūetsu earthquake|Chūetsu earthquake]] strikes, causing extensive damage in Nagaoka and surrounding areas.
* February 2005: Nagaoka experiences the heaviest snowfall in 19 years.
* April 1, 2005: The town of [[Oguni, Niigata|Oguni]] (from [[Kariwa District, Niigata|Kariwa District]]), the village of [[Yamakoshi, Niigata|Yamakoshi]] (from [[Koshi District, Niigata|Koshi District]]), the town of [[Nakanoshima, Niigata|Nakanoshima]] (from [[Minamikanbara District, Niigata|Minamikanbara District]]), and the towns of [[Koshiji, Niigata|Koshiji]] and [[Mishima, Niigata|Mishima]] (both from [[Santō District, Niigata|Santō District]]), were absorbed into Nagaoka.<ref>{{Cite
Prior to the merger, the size of Nagaoka was 262.45 km<sup>2</sup> and the population was 192,292.
* January 1, 2006: The city of [[Tochio, Niigata|Tochio]], the towns of [[Teradomari, Niigata|Teradomari]] and [[Yoita, Niigata|Yoita]], and the village of [[Washima, Niigata|Washima]] (all from [[Santō District, Niigata|Santō District]]) were absorbed into Nagaoka.<ref>{{Cite web |title=市町村合併に伴う町名変更一覧 |url=https://www.city.nagaoka.niigata.jp/kurashi/cate01/cyoumei/henko-zyusyo.html |access-date=2024-02-04 |website=Nagaoka City |language=ja}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NsbKKmrDP9cC |title=住民基本台帳人口移動報告年報 |date=2006 |publisher=総務庁統計局 |pages=135 |language=ja |quote=Tochio-shi, Washima-mura, Teradomari-machi and Yoita-machi were incorporated into Nagaoka-shi as of January 1, 2006.}}</ref>
* April 1, 2007: Nagaoka is designated a [[Special cities of Japan|special city]] with increase local autonomy
* March 31, 2010: The town of [[Kawaguchi, Niigata|Kawaguchi]] (from [[Kitauonuma District, Niigata|Kitauonuma District]]) was absorbed into Nagaoka.<ref>https://www.yomiuri.co.jp/dy/national/20100402TDY03T01.htm{{dead link|date=August 2021}}</ref>
==Government==
[[file:Ao-re Nagaoka 20140430 02.jpg|right|thumb
Nagaoka has a [[mayor-council]] form of government with a directly elected mayor and a [[unicameral]] city legislature of 34 members. The city contributes six members to the Niigata Prefectural Assembly. In terms of national politics, the city is part of [[Niigata 5th district]] of the [[House of Representatives of Japan|lower house]] of the [[Diet of Japan]].
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* Nippon Seiki, a manufacturer of automotive instruments, is headquartered in Nagaoka.
* TDK-Lambda, a manufacturer of [[Switched-mode power supply|switched-mode power supplies]], has a plant in Nagaoka.
*
==Education==
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====Expressway====
Nagaoka JCT is a strategic interchange which connects two expressways, [[Hokuriku Expressway]] and [[Kan-Etsu Expressway]].
*[[file:
* [[File:
*Ojiya IC is in Ojiya city
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* {{jct|country=JPN|Route|460}}
==
{{See also|List of twin towns and sister cities in Japan}}
Nagaoka is [[Sister city|twinned]] with:<ref>{{cite web |title=Sister Cities and Friendship City|url=https://www.niea.or.jp/english/e-top.html|website=niea.or.jp|publisher=Nagaoka International Exchange Association|access-date=2020-04-07}}</ref>
{{div col|colwidth=25em}}
*{{flagicon|USA}} [[Fort Worth, Texas|Fort Worth]], [[Texas]], United States, since
*{{flagicon|USA}} [[Honolulu]], [[Hawaii]], United States, since
*{{flagicon|SUI}} [[Romainmôtier-Envy]], [[Vaud]], Switzerland, since
*{{flagicon|PYF}} [[Taiarapu-Ouest]], French Polynesia, since
*{{flagicon|GER}} [[Trier]], [[Rhineland-Palatinate]], Germany, since
{{div col end}}
===Friendship city===
*{{flagicon|GER}} [[Bamberg]], [[Upper Franconia]], Germany, since
==Local attractions==
=== Places of interest ===
* Haibu Nagaoka Stadium
* [[Kome Hyappyo]] Monument
* Nagaoka City Local Museum
* Nagaoka Lyric Hall
* National Government Echigo Hillside Park
* The Niigata Prefectural Museum of Modern Art
* [[Niigata Prefectural Museum of History]]
* [[Kawai Tsugunosuke|Tsuginosuke Kawai]] Monument in Yukyuzan Park
* Yukyuzan Park
===National Historic Sites===
*[[Araya Site]]
*[[Fujihashi Site]]
*[[Hachimanbayashi Kanga ruins]]
*[[Tochio Castle]] ruins
*[[Umataka-Sanjūinaba Site]]
<gallery>
File:Nagaoka-city.JPG|Ote-dori Street and [[Nagaoka Station]]
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* [[Nobuhiro Watsuki]] ([[Mangaka|manga artist]])
* [[Isoroku Yamamoto]] (Commander of the [[Imperial Japanese Navy]] during the first four years of [[World War II]])
* [[Tomokazu Yoshida]] (former actor, acupuncturist)
<!-- Please help maintain alphabetical order (by surname) and do not simply add names to the end of the list -->
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