Nothing Special   »   [go: up one dir, main page]
Wikipedia

Ibn Fadlallah al-Umari: Difference between revisions

Browse history interactively
← Previous editNext edit →
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
→External links: Removed links already used as citations.
Fixed typo
Tags: Mobile edit Mobile web edit
(47 intermediate revisions by 22 users not shown)
Line 1:
{{Short description|14th century Arab historian and Mamluk statesman}}
{{copyvio-revdel
{{Infobox historian
|url = https://www.britannica.com/biography/al-Umari
| name = Ibn Fadlallah al-Umari
|url2 = <!-- The url of a second site the article was in infringement of (optional). -->
|url3 image = <!-- The urlImage of aIbn thirdFadlallah siteal-Umari, the article was in infringement ofif (optional).available -->
|start caption = 749697485
| birth_name = Shihab al-Din Abu al-Abbas Ahmad ibn Fadlallah al-Umari
|end = 969579808
| birth_date = 12 June 1301
|start2 = <!-- First (oldest) revision of another range to be deleted (optional). -->
| birth_place = [[Damascus]], [[Mamluk Sultanate]] (modern-day [[Syria]])
|end2 = <!-- Last (newest) revision of another range to be deleted (optional). -->
| death_date = 1 March 1349
|start3 = <!-- First (oldest) revision of another range to be deleted (optional). -->
| death_place = Damascus, Mamluk Sultanate
|end3 = <!-- Last (newest) revision of another range to be deleted (optional). -->
| nationality = Arab
|start4 = <!-- First (oldest) revision of another range to be deleted (optional). -->
| occupation = Historian, Geographer, Bureaucrat
|end4 = <!-- Last (newest) revision of another range to be deleted (optional). -->
| notable_works = ''Masālik al-abṣār fī mamālik al-amṣār'', ''at-Taʾrīf bi-al-muṣṭalaḥ ash-sharīf''
|CopyPatrol = <!-- The permalink of the ''detection'' of the copy-right violation by the CopyPatrol interface (optional). -->
| era = Mamluk Sultanate
|comment = <!-- A space for comments about the requested revdel for the reviewing administrator, which are not already expressed using the fields above (optional). -->
| title =
| influenced =
| influences = [[Ibn Taymiyya]]
}}
 
'''ShihābShihab al-DīnDin AbūAbu al-‘AbbāsAbbas AḥmadAhmad b.Ibn Faḍl AllāhFadlallah al-'UmarīUmari''' ('''{{lang-ar|شهاب الدين أبو العبّاس أحمد بن فضل الله العمري|Shihāb al-Dīn Abū al-ʿAbbās Aḥmad ibn Faḍlallāh al-ʿUmarī}}), commonly known as '''Ibn Fadlallah al-Umari'''), or simply '''Ibn Faḍl Allāh al-‘Umarī‘Umārī''', (13001301 &ndash; 1349) was an [[Arab]] [[historian]], born in [[Damascus]].<ref name="Britannica">{{cite web|accessdateaccess-date=4 September 2020-09-04|title=Al-ʿUmarī - Syrian scholar|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/al-Umari|website=[[Encyclopedia Britannica]]}}</ref> His major works include ''at-Taʾrīf bi-al-Umarimuṣṭalaḥ visitedash-sharīf'', [[Cairo]]on shortlythe aftersubject of the [[MaliMamluk Empire|Malian]] ''[[MansaSultanate (titleCairo)|MansaMamluk]]'' [[Mansa Musa|Kankan Musa&nbsp;I]]'s pilgrimage to [[Mecca]]administration, and his writings are one of the primary sources for this legendary ''[[hajj]]''.Masālik al-abṣār Infī particular,mamālik al-Umariamṣār'', recordedan thatencyclopedic thecollection Mansaof dispensedrelated soinformation.<ref muchname="Britannica"/> goldThe thatlatter itswas valuetranslated fellinto inFrench by [[EgyptMaurice Gaudefroy-Demombynes]] for a decade afterward, a story that is often repeated in describing the wealth of the Mali Empire1927.<ref>[http://www.bu.edu/africa/outreach/materials/handouts/k_o_mali.html Kingdom of Mali] - Boston University: African Studies Center</ref>
 
A student of [[Ibn Taymiyya]],<ref>{{cite journal|author=Mehdi Berriah|url=https://journals.openedition.org/cy/6491|title=The Mamluk Sultanate and the Mamluks seen by Ibn Taymiyya: between Praise and Criticism|journal=Arabian Humanities|issue=14|year=2020|issn=2308-6122|oclc=8930826072|doi=10.4000/cy.6491|archive-url=https://archive.today/20210309043132/https://journals.openedition.org/cy/6491|archive-date=9 March 2021|url-status=live|doi-access=free|access-date=21 July 2021}}</ref> Ibn Fadlallah visited [[Cairo]] shortly after the [[Mali Empire|Malian]] ''[[Mansa (title)|Mansa]]'' [[Mansa Musa|Kankan Musa&nbsp;I]]'s pilgrimage to [[Mecca]], and his writings are one of the primary sources for this legendary ''[[hajj]]''. He recorded that the Mansa dispensed so much gold that its value fell in [[Egypt]] for a decade afterward, a story that is often repeated in describing the wealth of the Mali Empire.<ref>[https://www.bu.edu/africa/outreach/teachingresources/history/k_o_mali/ Kingdom of Mali Primary Sources], Boston University: African Studies Center. Accessed 1 November 2022.</ref>
al-Umari also recorded Kankan Musa's stories of the previous ''mansa''; Kankan Musa claimed that the previous ruler had abdicated the throne to journey to a land across the ocean, leading contemporary [[Mali]]an historian [[Gaoussou Diawara]] to theorize that Abubakari reached the [[Americas]] years before [[Christopher Columbus]].{{citation needed|date=September 2020}}▼
 
▲al-Umari alsoHe recorded Kankan Musa's stories of the previous ''mansa''; Kankan Musa claimed that the previous ruler had abdicated the throne to journey to a land across the ocean, leading contemporary [[Mali]]an historian [[Gaoussou Diawara]] to theorize that Abubakari[[Abu Bakr II]] reached the [[Americas]] years before [[Christopher Columbus]].<ref>{{citationcite neededbook|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/24107059|title=World map of the geographers of the Caliph Al-Maʼmūn (reigned 813-833 A.D.)|publisher=Institut für Geschichte der Arabisch-Islamischen Wissenschaften|year=1990|location=Frankfurt|oclc=24107059|lccn=91682448|access-date=September21 July 20202021}}</ref>
His works also provide a basis for the Muslim side on the wars of [[Amda Seyon I]] against [[Ifat Sultanate|Ifat]], [[Adal Sultanate|Adal]], and other regions.{{citation needed|date=September 2020}}
 
Gaudefroy-Demombynes believed that al-Umari wrote the ''Masalik al-Absar'' between 1342 and 1349, but internal evidence suggests that at least the chapter on Egypt and Syria and the section covering the Mali Empire were written in 1337-1338.<ref name="Holt1987"/><ref name="LevtzionHopkins2000"/>
 
In March 1339, al-Umari was arrested following an altercation with the sultan, but al-Umari's father persuaded the sultan to spare him, and he was sentenced to house arrest. He subsequently had further conflict with the sultan and was imprisoned, but released in October. He subsequently moved to Damascus, and worked as a secretary there from August 1340 to May or June 1343.<ref name="Holt1987"/>
 
==Works==
* Ibn Faḍl Allāh al-‘Umārī, ''Masālik al-abṣār'', éd. Sayyid {{When|date=November 2022}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nli.org.il/en/books/NNL_ALEPH001130226/NLI|title= Masalik al-absar fi mamalik al-amsar: l'Egypte, la Syrie, le Higaz at le Yemen / Ibn Fadl Allah al-'Umari Ahmad ibn Yahya edite et presente par Ayman Fu'ad Sayyid.|publisher=|location=Cairo|year=1885|language=French}}</ref><ref>Cited in: {{cite book|first1=Éric|last1=Vallet|url=https://books.openedition.org/psorbonne/2450|chapter=Chapitre 3. Le fisc d’Aden, percepteur, acheteur et vendeur|title=L'Arabie Marchande. État et commerce sous les sultans rasūlides du Yémen (626-858/1229-1454)|series=Bibliothèque historique des pays d’Islam|language=French|publisher=Éditions de la Sorbonne|doi=10.4000/books.psorbonne.2441|oclc=960808924|location=Paris|isbn=9782859448714|date=16 October 2015|page=870|archive-url=https://archive.today/20170922012103/https://books.openedition.org/psorbonne/2450|archive-date=22 September 2017|url-status=live|access-date=21 July 2021}}</ref><ref>Ibn Faḍl Allāh Al‑ʿUmarī, Masālik al‑abṣār fī mamālik al‑amṣār, ed. Muḥammad ʿAbd al‑Qādir Kharīsāt et al., al‑ʿAyn, Zayd Center for Heritage and History, 2001–2004, 25 vols. As cited in: {{cite journal|author=Mehdi Berriah|url=https://journals.openedition.org/cy/6491|title=The Mamluk Sultanate and the Mamluks seen by Ibn Taymiyya: between Praise and Criticism|journal=Arabian Humanities|issue=14|year=2020|issn=2308-6122|oclc=8930826072|doi=10.4000/cy.6491|archive-url=https://archive.today/20210309043132/https://journals.openedition.org/cy/6491|archive-date=9 March 2021|url-status=live|doi-access=free|access-date=21 July 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|author=D.S. Richards|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wCklDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA115|title=Egypt and Syria in the Early Mamluk Period: An Extract from Ibn Faḍl Allāh Al-'Umarī's Masālik Al-Abṣār Fī Mamālik Al-Amṣā|page=115|publisher=Taylor & Francis|date=6 January 2017|isbn=9781315458809|oclc=1257806554}}</ref>
 
==References==
{{Reflist}}|refs=
<ref name="LevtzionHopkins2000">{{Cite book| publisher = Markus Wiener Publishers| isbn = 978-1-55876-241-1| first1 = N. | last1 = Levtzion | first2 = J. F. P. | last2 = Hopkins | title = Corpus of early Arabic sources for West African history| location = Princeton| date = 2000}}</ref>
<ref name="Holt1987">{{Cite journal| doi = 10.1017/S0041977X00053350| issn = 1474-0699| volume = 50| issue = 1| pages = 136–137| last = Holt| first = P. M.| title = Ayman Fu'ad Sayyid: Masālik alabṣar fī Mamālik al-amsār d'Ibn Faḍl Allāh al-'Umarī Šihāb al-Din Aḥmad b. Yaḥyā b. Faḍl Allāh, m. 749/1349. (Textes Arabes et Etudes Islamiques, Tom. xxiii.) x, 203 pp., 48 pp., 6 Plates. Le Caire: Institut Francais d'Archéologie Orientale du Caire, 1958.| journal = Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies| date = 1987 | url = https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0041977X00053350/type/journal_article}}</ref>
}}
 
==External links==
*{{cite journal | author =Shihab al-Umari| authorlink=Shihab al-Umari | title = A medieval Arabic description of the Haram of Jerusalem| journal = Quarterly Ofof Thethe [[Department Ofof Antiquities Inin Palestine]] | volume = 1 | pages = 44–51 | url = https://archive.org/stream/in.ernet.dli.2015.56291/2015.56291.Quarterly-Of-The-Department-Of-Antiquities-In-Palestine-Vol1#page/n110/mode/1up| year = 1932}}
*{{cite journal | author =Shihab al-Umari| authorlink=Shihab al-Umari | title = A medieval Arabic description of the Haram of Jerusalem| journal = Quarterly Ofof Thethe [[Department Ofof Antiquities Inin Palestine]] | volume = 1 | pages = 74–85 | url = https://archive.org/stream/in.ernet.dli.2015.56291/2015.56291.Quarterly-Of-The-Department-Of-Antiquities-In-Palestine-Vol1#page/n154/mode/1up| year = 1932}}
* [http://www.themuslimwoman.com/chooseyourpath/muslimsbeforecolumbus.htm Muslim in the Americas Before Columbus]
 
{{Historians of Islam}}
Line 36 ⟶ 48:
[[Category:1300 births]]
[[Category:1384 deaths]]
[[Category:14th-century Arabspeople from the Mamluk Sultanate]]
[[Category:Arab14th-century MuslimSyrian historians of Islam]]
[[Category:14th-centuryHistorians historiansfrom the Mamluk Sultanate]]
[[Category:ScholarsArabs offrom the Mamluk Sultanate]]
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Fadlallah_al-Umari"