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m Moving Category:Kuru Kingdom to Category:Kuru kingdom per Wikipedia:Categories for discussion/Speedy |
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| capital = {{plain list|
*[[Assandh|Āsandīvat]] (modern [[
*[[Hastinapura]] (modern [[Meerut division]], [[Saharanpur division]] and [[Aligarh division]])
*[[Indraprastha]] (modern [[Delhi]] and some part of [[National Capital Region (India)]])
}}
| common_languages = [[Vedic Sanskrit]] now is [[Kauravi]] known as [[Khadiboli]]
| religion = [[Historical Vedic religion]]<br>
| title_leader = [[List of Kuru kings|Raja]] (King)
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| currency = [[Karshapana]]
}}
'''Kuru''' was a Vedic [[Indo-Aryan peoples|Indo-Aryan]] tribal union in northern [[Iron Age India]] of the [[Bharatas (tribe)|Bharata]] and [[Puru (Vedic tribe)|Puru tribes]]. The Kuru kingdom appeared in the Middle [[Vedic period]]{{sfn|Pletcher|2010|p=63}}{{sfn|Witzel|1995|p=6}} ({{Circa|1200|900 BCE}}), encompassing parts of the modern-day states of [[Haryana]], [[Delhi]], and some North parts of
The Kuru kingdom became a dominant political and cultural force in the middle Vedic Period during the reigns of [[Parikshit]] and [[Janamejaya]],{{sfn|Witzel|1995}} but declined in importance during the late Vedic period ({{Circa|900|500 BCE}}) and had become "something of a backwater"{{sfn|Samuel|2010}} by the [[Mahajanapadas|Mahajanapada period]] in the 5th century BCE. However, traditions and legends about the Kurus continued into the post-Vedic period, providing the basis for the [[Mahabharata]] epic.{{sfn|Witzel|1995}}
The Kuru kingdom corresponds with the archaeological [[Painted Grey Ware culture]].{{sfn|Samuel|2010}} The Kuru kingdom decisively changed the religious heritage of the early Vedic period, arranging their ritual hymns into collections called the [[Vedas]], and transforming the [[Historical Vedic religion]] into [[Brahmanism]], which eventually contributed to the [[Hindu synthesis]].{{sfn|Witzel|1995}}{{sfn|Samuel|2010|p=75-76, 78}}{{sfn|Hiltebeitel|2002}}
==Location==
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=== Farming and craftmanship===
The clans that consolidated into the Kuru Kingdom or 'Kuru Pradesh' were largely semi-nomadic, [[pastoralism|pastoral]] clans. However, as settlement shifted into the western [[Ganges Plain]], settled farming of rice and barley became more important. Vedic literature of this period indicates the growth of surplus production and the emergence of specialized artisans and craftsmen. [[Iron]] was first mentioned as ''śyāma āyasa'' (श्याम आयस, literally "dark metal")<ref>{{cite web | url=https://glosbe.com/en/sa/dark | title=Dark in Sanskrit - English-Sanskrit Dictionary | Glosbe }}</ref> in the [[Atharvaveda]], a text of this era.
===Varna-hierarchy===
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Kuru Kingdom}}
[[Category:Kuru
[[Category:History of Haryana]]
[[Category:History of Uttar Pradesh]]
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[[Category:Former kingdoms]]
[[Category:Kingdoms of the Puru clan]]
[[Category:Kingdoms of the Vedic period]]▼
[[Category:Bharatas]]
[[Category:Tribal confederacies]]
▲[[Category:Kingdoms of the Vedic period]]
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