Nothing Special   »   [go: up one dir, main page]
Wikipedia

Glossary of entomology terms: Difference between revisions

Browse history interactively
← Previous edit
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
m link submedian using Find link
→‎See also: annolink
 
(39 intermediate revisions by 17 users not shown)
Line 2:
[[Image:Butterfly parts.svg|thumb|300px|{{center|Parts of an adult butterfly}}]]
This glossary of '''[[entomology]]''' describes terms used in the formal study of [[insect]] [[species]] by [[entomology|entomologist]]s.
[[File:Rove Beetle sp.^ Staphylinidae - Flickr - gailhampshire.jpg|thumb|When present, [[elytra]] of the [[Staphylinidae]] are markedly '''abbreviate.''']]
 
[[File:Scaptomyza (29599788132).jpg|thumb|This fly in the genus ''Scaptomyza'' has clearly visible rows of [[Sagittal plane|para-sagittal]] '''acrostichal bristles''' on its thorax]]
[[File:Alitrunk of aculeate Hymenoptera.jpg|thumb|the '''alitrunk''' of [[aculeate Hymenoptera]] comprises the three thoracic segments, plus the [[propodeum]], which strictly speaking, is the first segment of the abdomen.]]
==A–C==
{{Glossary}}
 
{{term|term= abbreviate(d)}}{{defn|1= (adjective) Of an [[Organ (biology)|organ]] or [[Limb (anatomy)|member]]: markedly or unexpectedly short in [[Body shape|proportion]] to the rest of the body}}
 
{{term|term= abdomen |content= [[Abdomen#Invertebrates|abdomen]] }}{{defn|1= Body of the insect, toward the [[Posterior (anatomy)|posterior]] of the thorax.}}
 
{{term|term= abdominal feet}}{{defn|1= See [[Glossary of entomology terms#proleg|proleg]]}}
{{term|term= acanthus|content= [[acanthus (entomology)|acanthus]] }}{{defn|1= thorn-like projection, typically a single-celled cuticular growth without tormogen (socket) or sensory cells.<ref>{{cite book |editor-last1= Gordh|editor-first1= Gordon |editor-last2= Headrick|editor-first2= David |date= 2011|title= A dictionary of entomology|journal= Nature |volume= 91 |issue= 2267 |location= United Kingdom|publisher= Wallingford, Oxfordshire [u.a.] CABI 2011|page= 8|isbn= 9781845935429 |editor-link1= Gordon Gordh|bibcode= 1913Natur..91S.134. |doi= 10.1038/091134c0 |s2cid= 3947767 |oclc= 1038886039 }}</ref>}}▼
 
{{term|term= Acalyptrata}}{{defn|1= See [[Acalyptratae]]}}
 
▲{{term|term= acanthus|content= [[acanthusGlossary of (entomology) terms#acanthus|acanthus]] }}{{defn|1= thorn-like projection, typically a single-celled cuticular growth without tormogen (socket) or sensory cells.<ref>{{cite book |editor-last1= Gordh|editor-first1= Gordon |editor-last2= Headrick|editor-first2= David |date= 2011|title= A dictionary of entomology|journal= Nature |volume= 91 |issue= 2267 |location= United Kingdom|publisher= Wallingford, Oxfordshire [u.a.] CABI 2011|page= 8|isbn= 9781845935429 |editor-link1= Gordon Gordh|bibcode= 1913Natur..91S.134. |doi= 10.1038/091134c0 |s2cid= 3947767 |oclc= 1038886039 }}</ref>}}
 
{{term|term= acaricide |content= [[acaricide]] }}{{defn|1= A chemical employed to kill and control mites and ticks.}}
Line 15 ⟶ 23:
 
{{term|term= accessory gland |content= accessory gland }}{{defn|1= Any secondary gland of the glandular system.}}
{{Redirect |Accessory gland |the accessory glands of the human male |Male accessory gland}}
 
{{term|term= accessory pulsatile organs |content= accessory pulsatile organs (APOs) {{anchor|APOs}} }}{{defn|1= Small muscular pumps and the veins that accompany them that pump [[hemolymph]] into the wings.}}
Line 41 ⟶ 49:
{{term|term= aestivation |content= [[aestivation]] }}{{defn|1= Summer dormancy, entered into when conditions are unfavourable for active life i.e. it is too hot or too dry.}}
 
{{term|term= age polyethism |content= [[age polyethism]] }}{{defn|1= The regular changing of roles of colony members as they get older.}}
 
{{term|term= air sac |content= [[Pulmonary alveolus|air sac]] }}{{defn|1= A dilated portion of a trachea.}}
Line 47 ⟶ 55:
{{term|term= alar squama |content= alar squama }}{{defn|1= The middle of three flap-like outgrowths at the base of the wing in various flies.}}
 
{{term|term= alary muscles |content= alary muscles }}{{defn|1= musclesMuscles along the dorsal diaphragm that may performdrive circulation.}}
 
{{term|term= alata |content= alata }}{{defn|1= theThe parthenogenetic winged morph of vividae, specialized for migration.}}
 
{{term|term= alate |content= [[alate]] }}{{defn|1= Winged; having wings.}}
 
{{term|term= aldrin |content= [[aldrin]] }}{{defn|1= (common name). A synthetic insecticide; a chlorinated hydrocarbon of not less than 95 per cent 1insecticide,2,3,4,10,10-hexachloro-1,4,4a,5,8,8a-hexahydro-1,4:5,8-dimethanonaphthalene; moderately toxic to mammals,vertebrates. acuteThough oralits LD,,[[phytotoxicity]] foris ratslow, 44&nbsp;mg/kg;solvents phytotoxicity:in nonesome whenformulations properlymay formulated,damage but somecertain crops. arecf. sensitivethe torelated solvents[[Dieldrin]], in[[Endrin]], certain formulations.}}[[Isodrin]]
 
{{term|term= algophagy |content= algophagy {{anchor|algophagous}} }}{{defn|1= feeding on [[algae]].}}
 
{{term|term= aliphaticalgophagy |content= aliphaticalgophagy {{anchor|algophagous}} }}{{defn|1= A term applied to the "open chain" or fatty seriesFeeding ofon hydrocarbons[[algae]].}}
 
{{term|term= alitrunk |content= [[alitrunk]] }}{{defn|1= Name given to the thorax andplus propodeum of 'wasp-waisted' hymenopterans[[aculeate Hymenoptera]] The term is now dated, and seldom used, but it describes the apparent "thorax" of bees, wasps, and ants, which actually incorporates the first abdominal segment, which precedes the petiole.}}
 
{{term|term= alloparental |content= [[alloparentalAlloparenting]] }}{{defn|1= When individuals other than the parent assist in the caring for that parents offspring. Alloparenting takes many forms, including castes in social insects raising the offspring of reproductives, and slave ant workers feeding the larvae of the slaver species.}}
 
{{term|term= allopatric |content= [[Allopatric speciation|allopatric]] }}{{defn|1= TwoRefers to the state when two or more populations, such as different species, or forms of aone species havinghave essentially separate distributions. cf. [[Sympatry|sympatry]], [[Parapatry|parapatric]]}}
 
{{term|term= alternating generations |content= [[Alternation of generations|alternating generation]]s }}{{defn|1= When two generations are produced within a life cycle each producing individuals of only one sex, either male first and then female or vice versa.}}
Line 69 ⟶ 75:
{{term|term= altruistic |content= altruistic }}{{defn|1= Self-destructive. or potentially self-destructive behavior performed for the benefit of others.}}
 
{{term|term= alula |content= [[Morphology of Diptera|alula]] }}{{defn|1= aA broad lobe at the proximal posterior margin of the wing stalk of Diptera. Also termed the axillary lobe.}}
 
{{term|term= ambrosia |content= [[ambrosia]] }}{{defn|1= The fungus cultivated by wood-boring beetles of the family Scolytidae.}}
 
{{term|term= ametabolaAmetabola |content= [[ametabolaApterygota|Ametabola]] }}{{defn|1= Originally: The insectsnow whichobsolete subclass of [[Hexapoda]] that develop without clearly defined stages of metamorphosis, such as nymph, larva, pupa, adult; namely the [[Thysanura]], [[Protura]], Thysanura[[Diplura]], and [[Springtail|Collembola]]. Also known as the [[Apterygota]]. Subsequently the others have been reclassified as separate from the [[Insecta]], while the Thysanura have been split into the orders [[Archaeognatha]] and [[Zygentoma]]}}
 
{{term|term= amide |content= [[amide]] }}{{defn|1= Compound derived from carboxylic acids by replacing the hydroxyl of the -COOH by the amino group, -NH<sub>2</sub>-.}}
Line 107 ⟶ 113:
 
{{term|term= antenna |content= [[Antenna (biology)|antennae]] }}{{defn|1= The long feelers situated on the head and close to the eyes. They are however not tactile but used for detecting airborne scents and currents.
* In [[Papilionoidea]] the antennae end in bulging tips called clubs.
* In [[Hesperioidea]] they have hooked tips and the club is found just before the tip.
* In some [[Lycaenidae]] like the genus ''[[Liphyra]]'' the antenna tapers gradually.}}
 
{{term|term= antennation |content= [[antennation]] }}{{defn|1= Touching with the antenna.}}
Line 136 ⟶ 142:
 
{{term|term= apitherapy |content= [[apitherapy]] }}{{defn|1= Medicinal use of the honey bee or its products.}}
 
{{term|term= Apterygota|content= [[Apterygota]] }}{{defn|1= Originally an alternate name for the then recognised subclass [[Apterygota|Ametabola]] }}
 
{{term|term= arculus |content= arculus }}{{defn|1= A crossvein between the radius and cubitus near the base of the wing in certain insects.}}
 
{{term|term=areola|content=areola}}{{defn|1=A small ring of color|no=1}}{{defn|1=In crayfish, the hourglass pattern on the dorsal surface of the cephalothorax|no=2}}<ref name="Wigney">{{cite web|last1=Wigney|first1=Bev|title=a crayfish primer|url=http://magickcanoe.com/blog/?p=428|website=magickcanoe.com Blog|access-date=7 December 2017|location=Ontario|language=en|format=HTML|date=13 March 2007|quote=the areola (the hourglass shaped lines on the crayfish’s “back”)}}</ref>
 
{{term|term= arolium |content=arolium}}{{defn|1= A pad-like median lobe between the tarsal claws.}}
Line 157 ⟶ 165:
{{defn|1= The ''head'' of a ''capitate'' structure, such as a capitate antenna, or of a capitate [[haltere]]}}
 
{{term|term= carina |content= carina {{anchor|Carina}}}}{{defn|1= a keel-like elevation (or ridge) on the body-wall of an insect.}}
 
{{term|term= carpophagy |content= carpophagy }}{{defn|1= feeding on fruits and seeds.}}
Line 184 ⟶ 192:
{{term|term= cheta |content= cheta }}{{defn|1= See Seta.}}
 
{{term|term= cilia |content= [[Cilia (entomology)|cilia]] }}{{defn|1= Fine hairs along the edges of the wing. Etymology: Latin 'eyelash'<ref>Mosby’s Medical, Nursing and Allied Health Dictionary, Fourth Edition, Mosby-Year Book Inc., 1994, p. 336</ref>}}
 
{{term|term= clasp |content= [[clasper]] or clasp {{anchor|clasper}} }}{{defn|1= A structure in male insects that is used to hold the female during copulation.}}
Line 202 ⟶ 210:
 
{{term|term= clavus |content= clavus}}
{{defn|no=1|1= The thicker distal end of a clavate anatomical structure such as an antenna. Usually comprising more than one joint. Also called clava, clavola, or club}}
{{defn|no=2|1= The [[Anatomical terms of location|posterior]] of the portion of the [[remigium]] found on insect wings.}}
{{defn|no=3|1= The oblong sclerite at the base of the [[Anatomical terms of location|inferior]] margin of the [[hemelytron]] in [[Heteroptera]].}}
Line 233 ⟶ 241:
{{term|term= coxa |content= [[Arthropod leg#Insects|coxa]] }}{{defn|1= first leg segment, between ''body'' and ''trochanter''.}}
[[File:Griposia aprilina 03 (HS).jpg|thumb|Cremaster of pupa of the oak owl moth, ''Griposia aprilina'']]
{{term|term= cremaster |content= cremaster }}{{defn|1= A general term for a structure by which an object hangs (from Greek language ''kremastos'', meaning "hung up"); for example in entomology:<br />
in some Lepidoptera, including most butterflies, the pupa attaches to a surface by the cremaster, a structure at the tip of the pupal abdomen. The cremaster is the homologue of the anal plate of the caterpillar. It takes various forms in different species, ranging from a simple point, to various arrangements of hooks that catch [[Velcro]]-like in a silken pad that the [[caterpillar]] spins on the surface before it enters the [[pupa|prepupa]]l phase.}}
 
{{term|term= crenulate |content= crenulate }}{{defn|1= Adjective = [[Wiktionarywikt:crenulate|scalloped]]. Describes the outer edge of a wing that is convex at the end of each vein and concave in between.}}
 
{{term|term= cuneus |content= cuneus }}{{defn|1= Noun = [[Wiktionarywikt:cuneus|wedge]]. Particularly in [[miridae|mirid]] bugs, a wedge-shaped section of the [[hemelytron|hemelytra]] (forewings), located at the apex of the thick, leathery part of the wings.}}
{{Glossary end}}
 
Line 251 ⟶ 259:
 
{{term|term= detritophagy |content= detritophagy }}{{defn|1= feeding on ground remains of plants and animals.}}
 
{{term|term= dieldrin |content= [[dieldrin]]}} A synthetic chlorinated hydrocarbon insecticide, toxic to vertebrates. cf. the related [[Aldrin]], [[Endrin]], [[Isodrin]]
 
{{term|term= disc |content= disc / discal area }}{{defn|1= The central band passing through the cell.}}
Line 262 ⟶ 272:
{{term|elytron|content= elytron}}{{defn|1= (Anatomical feature) the modified, hardened forewing of certain insect orders, notably [[beetle]]s (Coleoptera) and some of the true bugs ([[Hemiptera]]).}}
 
[[File:Oman beetle.jpg|thumb|<{{center>|Beetle in the family [[Cerambycidae]] with conspicuous emargination of the compound eye (black) where it extends partway round the base of the antenna</center>}}]]
{{term|emarginate|content= emarginate}}{{defn|1= (Anatomical feature) Describing a margin, such as the edge of an eye or sclerite, where the outline includes a concave section as if a part of the region had been "cut out" or displaced. It might take the form of a notch, or a rounded or possibly quadrate hollow, such as where a compound eye is distorted in fitting around the base of the antenna.}}
 
Line 268 ⟶ 278:
 
{{term|term= encapsulation |content= encapsulation }}{{defn|1= the immuno response by plasmatocytes to the presence of parasitoid egg or larvae which results in the formation of a multilayered capsule that causes the parasitoid to sufficate or starve.}}
 
{{term|term= Endrin |content= [[Endrin]]}} A synthetic chlorinated hydrocarbon insecticide, toxic to vertebrates. Though its [[phytotoxicity]] is low, solvents in some formulations may damage certain crops. cf. the related [[Dieldrin]], [[Aldrin]], [[Isodrin]]
 
{{term|term= entomonecrophagy |content= entomonecrophagy }}{{defn|1= feeding on dead arthropods.}}
Line 275 ⟶ 287:
{{term|term= epicranius |content= [[epicranius]] }}{{defn|1= (Anatomical feature) the top of the anterior structure of the head, or forehead.}}
 
{{term|term= epiproct |content= [[epiproct]] }}{{defn|1= (Anatomical feature) a plate or projection dorsal to the anus in certain insects, generally on abdominal segment X or XI. For example in [[Archaeognatha]], [[Zygentoma]] and [[ZygentomaEphemeroptera]], it takes the form of a long, rearwardly directed organ[[caudal filament]] resembling the two cerci that flank it. In the [[Odonata]] epiprocts have various functions, both in larvae, in which they may have respiratory roles, and in adults, in which they may have reproductive roles. Not all epiprocts in all insect species are homologous. Note that the term is used in other groups than insects as well, for instance [[Myriapoda]].}}
 
{{term|term= erect |content= erect }}{{defn|1= The ''palpi'' when vertical, i.e. the axis of the palpi is at right angles to the axis of the body.}}
Line 298 ⟶ 310:
 
{{term|term= forewing|content= forewing}} {{defn|1= (Anatomical feature) the pair of wings of a four-winged insect closest to the head.}}
 
{{term|term= fovea|content= fovea}} {{defn|1= small, pit-like structure in the exoskeleton.}}
 
{{term|term= frons |content= [[frons]] }}{{defn|1= (Anatomical feature) The frontal area of an insect's head. It covers the upper part of the face above the [[Clypeus (arthropod anatomy)|clypeus]] and below and between the [[Antenna (biology)|antenna]]e. It supports the pharyngeal dilator muscles and usually bears an ocellus.}}
Line 306 ⟶ 320:
 
==G–L==
{{Glossary}}
[[File:Coreus marginatus dos.jpg|thumb|{{center|A "true" bug, order Hemiptera, with '''geniculate''' antennae}}]]
{{term|term= gena |content= gena }}{{defn|1= (Anatomical feature) the area below the compound eyes, the insect equivalent to human cheeks.}}
{{term|term= [[Wiktionarywikt:geniculate|geniculate]] |content= geniculate }}{{defn|1= Elbowed. From the Latin for a bended knee, referring to an organ of a type not always expected to be kinked, but having a definite angular bend or hinge. In entomology the term typically refers to an elbowed antenna. For instance, many species of Hemiptera, Coleoptera, and Hymenoptera have markedly geniculate antennae}}
 
{{term|term= girdle |content= girdle }}{{defn|1= a strand of silk used to prop up the pupa. Found especially in the [[Papilionidae]].}}
Line 333 ⟶ 347:
{{term|term= hygropetric|content= hygropetric }} {{defn|1= mode of life: living in the thin film of water on wet rocks.}}
[[File:Leptynoma sericea Worm lion fly 6168.jpg|thumb|{{center|A fly in the family Vermileonidae, using its '''hypognathous''' proboscis to extract nectar from florets.}}]]
{{term|term= hypognathous |content= hypognathous }}{{defn|1= having mouthparts that are [[Anatomical_terms_of_locationAnatomical terms of location#Prefixes,_suffixes suffixes,_and_other_modifiers and other modifiers|ventrad]] of a vertically oriented head, "pointing downwards", or having an "under bit", instead of pointing backwards or forwards.}}
 
 
{{term|term= hypopharynx|content=[[Arthropod mouthparts|hypopharynx]]}} {{defn|1=Mouthpart. A tonguelike lobe on the floor of the mouth.}}
Line 341 ⟶ 354:
 
{{term|term= imago | content=[[imago]] }}{{defn|1=(plural is usually '''imagines''') The final, or adult, stage in metamorphosis.}}
 
[[File:Anoplocnemis species Coreidae Adult male IMG 5381.jpg|thumb|Coreidae: adult male Anoplocnemis with '''incrassate''' posterior femur]]
{{term|term= incrassate }}{{defn|1=localised thickening of a member such as an antenna or leg.}}
 
{{term|term= interspace |content= interspace }}{{defn|1= The region between adjacent veins.}}
 
{{term|term= irrorated |content= irrorated or irroration {{anchor|irroration}} }}{{defn|1= Old term used usually to indicate a sprinkling of scales interspersed among scales typically of a different color.}}
 
{{term|term= Isodrin |content= [[Isodrin]]}} A synthetic chlorinated hydrocarbon insecticide, toxic to vertebrates. Though its [[phytotoxicity]] is low, solvents in some formulations may damage certain crops. cf. the related [[Dieldrin]], [[Aldrin]], [[Endrin]]
 
{{term|term= keratophagy |content= keratophagy (Also spelt ceratophagy) {{anchor|ceratophagy}} }}{{defn|1= feeding on cornified tissues and hair of animals.}}
Line 357 ⟶ 375:
{{term|term= lichenophagy |content= lichenophagy }}{{defn|1= feeding on lichens.}}
 
{{term|term= lines (moth)|content= lines (moth) }} {{defn|1= transverse line markings on the wings of moths, mainly Noctuidae- basal line; inner line; outer line; submarginal line.See figures 4, 5}}
 
{{term|term= lines of weakness |content= lines of weakness }}{{defn|1= (Anatomical feature) the suture lines where the integument will split to allow for molting or [[autotomy]].}}
Line 386 ⟶ 404:
{{term|term= micropterous |content= [[micropterous]] }}{{defn|1= Having short [[elytra]], shorter than the [[Abdomen#Invertebrates|abdomen]].}}
 
{{term|term= mixomycetophagy |content= mixomycetophagy }}{{defn|1= feeding on [[Myxogastria|myxomycetes]] fungusslime molds.}}
 
{{term|term= myiasis |content= [[myiasis]] }}{{defn|1= Infestation of fly larvae on or in a vertebrate host.}}
Line 402 ⟶ 420:
{{term|term= occipital suture |content= occipital suture }}{{distinguish|text=the [[occipitomastoid suture]] in the human skull}}{{defn|1= (Anatomical feature) the structure that defines the occiput. See Figure 1 (below).}}
 
{{term|term= occiput |content= [[occiput (insect)]] }}{{defn|1= (Anatomical feature) the region posterior to the vertex on the head. See Figure 2 (below).}}
 
{{term|term= ocular structure |content= ocular structure }}{{defn|1= (Anatomical feature) the structure of the head containing the ocelli.}}
Line 411 ⟶ 429:
{{term|term= opisthognathous |content= opisthognathous }}{{defn|1= with receding mouthparts, or having mouthparts that slope backward or face backward.}}
 
{{term|term= orbicular stigma = |content= orbicular stigma (or orbicular spot)}} {{defn|1=a marking placed between the reniform stigma and the thorax, usually circular in shape. See figures 4, 5}}
 
{{term|term= osmeterium |content= [[osmeterium]] }}{{defn|1= fleshy structure on some larvae, often discharging odorous chemicals.}}
Line 448 ⟶ 466:
{{term|term= pollinophagy |content= pollinophagy }}{{defn|1= feeding on pollen.}}
 
[[File:Myrmeleontidae (antlion) 5370350.jpg|thumb|'''Porrect''' mandibles of [[antlion]] larva.]]
{{term|term= porrect |content= porrect }}{{defn|1= The palpi when horizontally projecting in front of the face. In this case, the axis of the palpi is parallel to the axis of the body.}}▼
 
▲{{term|term= porrect |content= porrect }}{{defn|1= Theof palpiorgans whenextended horizontally projectinganterior in front ofto the facehead. In thissuch case,organs the axis of the palpiorgans is parallel to the axis of the body.}}
 
{{term|term= postclypeus |content= postclypeus }}{{defn|1= the upper (proximal) portion of the [[Clypeus (arthropod anatomy)|clypeus]] of insects.}}
 
{{term|term= postdiscal|content= postdiscal }}{{defn|1= The area, or band, of the wing between the discal area and the marginal area.}}
 
{{term|term= posterior |content= [[Posterior (anatomy)#Anterior and posterior|posterior]] }}{{defn|1= in a position behind or below the aforementioned.}}
Line 458 ⟶ 480:
{{term|term= proboscis |content= [[proboscis]] }}{{defn|1= tubular feeding and sucking organ.}}
 
{{term|term= proclinate |content= [[Wiktionarywikt:proclinate|proclinate]] }}{{defn|1= Directed or leaning forward, such as in bristles in particular locations of insects' heads.}}
 
[[File:Tetragonoderus quadrisignatus Quensel, 1806.png|thumb|Beetles in the family [[Carabidae]], generally have '''prognathous''' heads]]
{{term|term= prognathous |content= [[prognathous]] }}{{defn|1= having mouth parts dorsadextended forward of a dorsally orientedthe head, orin contrast to [[opisthognathous]] "overand bite"[[hypognathous]].}}
 
{{term|term= proleg |content= [[proleg]] }}{{defn|1= fleshy leg like structures arising from the abdominal segments of caterpillars. These prolegs have crochets or curved hooks.}}
Line 472 ⟶ 495:
{{term|term= pulmonarium |content= pulmonarium (plural pulmonaria) }}{{defn|1= A membranous instead of a sclerotised connection or pleurite between the abdominal tergites and sternites of certain groups of insects; in such species the pulmonaria bear the spiracles. The term also refers to an abdomen in which the connection between the tergal and sternal sclerites takes the form of a pulmonarial membrane. (Compare: pleurite)}}
 
{{term|term= reniform stigma |content= reniform stigma (or reniform spot)}} {{defn|1=an oval or kidney-shaped mark on the forewing at the disc (Lepidoptera)<ref>{{cite web |url = https://bugguide.net/node/view/142313 |title = reniform, reniform spot|access-date = 9 December 2022 |publisher = [[Iowa State University]] |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160722185337/https://bugguide.net/node/view/142313 |archive-date = 22 July 2016 |url-status = live }}</ref> See figure 4}}
 
[[File:GTB larva P1060034.jpg|thumb|A [[Chrysomelid]] larva carrying its own frass as repugnatorial protection]]
{{term|term= repugnatorial |content= [[Wiktionarywikt:repugnatorial|repugnatorial]] }}{{defn|1= (generally in combination as in: "'''repugnatorial glands'''"): defensive, or "fighting back", in particular as applied to an '''ozadene''', a gland that can release irritant, poisonous, alarming or distasteful fluids or gases when an organism is under threat. Examples of repugnatorial glands include the [[osmeterium]] of [[larva]]e of the [[Swallowtail butterfly|Papilionidae]], the stink glands of most [[Heteroptera]], the [[ozadene]]s of [[Opiliones]], the odoriferous glands of [[Diplopoda]], and others. Some insects, such as larvae of many species of the [[Chrysomelidae]], use their excreta in repugnatorial roles, for example covering themselves with their own frass.}}
 
{{term|term= rhizophagy |content= rhizophagy }}{{defn|1= feeding on [[rhizome]]s.}}
Line 505 ⟶ 528:
 
{{term|term= setaceous|content= setaceous }}{{defn|
* being like or having the nature of a seta or of setae
* setose}}
 
Line 523 ⟶ 546:
 
{{term|term= strigae |content= strigae }}{{defn|1= Patterns with thin lines.}}
{{term|subcosta|content= subcosta}}{{defn|1= Taxonomically important term used in Diptera [[identification key]]s. Part of the schema of wing venation. The second longitudinal wing vein, posterior to the costa. It may reach the costa, fade before the costa or join R1 before it reaches the costa. see [https[://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/:File:Neminidae_wing_veins.svg]] (= auxiliary vein of many authors)}}
 
{{term|term= subgenal suture |content= subgenal suture }}{{defn|1= (Anatomical feature) suture lines below the gena.}}
Line 561 ⟶ 584:
{{term|term= urite |content= urite }} {{defn|1= a segment or part of the abdomen in insects.}}
 
{{term|term= urogomphus|content= urogomphus (plural urogomphi) }} {{defn|1= paired "horns" at the posterior tip of the abdomen of larvae.}}
 
{{term|term= urotergite |content= urotergite }}{{defn|1= plate on the dorsal (upper) surface of an abdominal segment in insects.}}
Line 593 ⟶ 616:
==Figures==
<gallery>
Image:Cap ventral.svg|<{{center>|Figure 1 Head<br />Posterior view</center>}}
Image:Grasshopper-head.jpg|<{{center>|Figure 2 Head<br />Side view</center>}}
Image:2-Morphology-of-head.png|<{{center>|Figure 3 Head<br />Morphology</center>}}
</gallery>
 
<gallery>
Image:Charaxesvenation.jpg|<{{center>|Wing venation ''Charaxes''</center>}}
Image:Charaxesvenation2.jpg|<{{center>|Wing venation ''Charaxes''</center>}}
File:AcraeaWingVenationEltringham.jpg|<{{center>|Wing venation ''Acraea''</center>}}
File:Butterfly wing terms de.svg |Wing venation (in German)
</gallery>
<gallery>
File:Moths of the British Isles Fig05.jpg |<{{center>|Wing and body of a moth (from South ''Moths of the British Isles'') </center>}} Figure 4
File:Noctuidae Wings.png |<{{center>|Noctuidae Wings</center>}} Figure 5
</gallery>
 
== See also ==
 
* [[Anatomical terms of location]]▼
{{wiktionary-inline|thesaurus:insect#See also}}
* [[Butterfly]]
▲* [[{{annotated link|Anatomical terms of location]]}}
* [[Caterpillar]]▼
* {{annotated link|Butterfly}}
* [[Comstock–Needham system]]▼
▲* [[{{annotated link|Caterpillar]]}}
* [[External morphology of Lepidoptera]]▼
▲* [[{{annotated link|Comstock–Needham system]]}}
* [[Glossary of ant terms]]▼
▲* [[{{annotated link|External morphology of Lepidoptera]]}}
* [[Glossary of spider terms]]
* [[{{annotated link|Glossary of scientificant names]]terms}}
▲* [[{{annotated link|Glossary of antspider terms]]}}
* [[Insect wing]]▼
* {{annotated link|Glossary of scientific names}}
* [[Pupa]]
▲* [[{{annotated link|Insect wing]]}}
* {{annotated link|Pupa}}
 
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{refbegin}}
* {{cite book |last1=Evans |first1=W.H. |author-link=William Harry Evans |title=The Identification of Indian Butterflies |edition=2nd |location=Mumbai, India |publisher=[[Bombay Natural History Society]] |year=1932}}
* {{Cite web |url=http://nobonesaboutit.wordpress.com/2011/02/02/ento-101-external-structure-ii-the-head/#more-1815 |title=Ento. 101 – External Structure II: The Head |first=Adrian |last=Thysse |date=2 February 2011 |publisher=IPM |pages=1 |access-date =March 5, 2011 }}
* Gordh G. and D.H. Headrick. [https://web.archive.org/web/20110725112904/http://bookshop.cabi.org/?page=2633&pid=2162&site=191 ''A Dictionary of Entomology'']. Cabi 2001.
* Romoser, William S. ''The Science of Entomology'', pp.&nbsp;26–49. Collier-MacMillan 1973.
* McAlpine, David K., 1958 A key to the Australian families of Acalptrate Diptera (Insecta) ''Records of the Australian Museum'' 24 (12) 183-190 [http://australianmuseum.net.au/journal/McAlpine-1958-Rec-Aust-Mus-2412-183190/ pdf full text and figures]
* McAlpine, J.F. 1981 Morphology and terminology In: McAlpine, J.P. et al. (eds.): ''Manual of Nearctic Diptera'' vol. 1 Ottawa: Research Branch, Agriculture Canada, Monograph 27. {{ISBN|0660107317}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20131201030220/http://www.esc-sec.ca/aafcmono.php pdf] '''download manual'''
* Resh, Vincent H. and R. T. Cardé, Eds. ''Encyclopedia of Insects'', pp.&nbsp;15–19, 750–755. Elsevier 2003.
* Wallace, Robert L. et al. ''Beck and Braithwaite's Invertebrate Zoology'', 4th Ed., pp.&nbsp;248–250. MacMillan 1989.
* [{{cite web |url=http://www.entomology.umn.edu/cues/4015/morpology/ |title=Insect Morphology |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110303060627/http://www.entomology.umn.edu/cues/4015/morpology/ 1]|archive-date=2011-03-03 }}
* [http://www.cals.ncsu.edu/course/ent425/library/labs/external_anatomy/anatomy_mouthparts.html 2]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110720011853/http://www.cals.ncsu.edu/course/ent425/library/labs/external_anatomy/anatomy_mouthparts.html |date=2011-07-20 }}
* [{{cite web |url=http://www.cals.ncsu.edu/course/ent425/library/tutorials/external_anatomy/head.html 3]|title=ENT 425 {{!}} General Entomology {{!}} Resource Library (Tutorials) }}
{{refend}}
 
==External links==
* [https://books.google.com/books?id=VlAkAtcsmugC&pg=PA160&lpg=PA160&dq=nodus+insect&sourcepg=bl&ots=Q97zXxRu7t&sig=YXUzZmTn9ZgcpHfpzVecC08AGRI&hl=en&ei=oYGDTYmEJ-OH0QH8nYnRCA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=3&ved=0CB4Q6AEwAg#v=onepage&q&f=falsePA160 Dictionary of Insect Morphology]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20101124051501/http://insectsofwestvirginia.net/d/glossary.html Dragonfly terms]
* [http://www.amentsoc.org/insects/glossary/ Entomologists' Glossary]
* [https://books.google.com/books/about/Dictionary_of_Insect_Morphology.html?id=VlAkAtcsmugC Dictionary of Insect Morphology]
* [http://pnwmoths.biol.wwu.edu/about-moths/glossary/ PNW moths glossary]
 
{{DEFAULTSORT:Glossary Of Entomology Terms}}▼
 
{{Glossaries of science and engineering}}
 
▲{{DEFAULTSORT:Glossary Of Entomology Terms}}
[[Category:Entomology]]
[[Category:Glossaries of zoology|Entomology terms, glossary of]]
[[Category:Wikipedia glossaries using description lists]]
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_entomology_terms"