Content deleted Content added
mNo edit summary |
Marking imdb as unreliable |
||
| (32 intermediate revisions by 17 users not shown) | |||
Line 3:
{{Featured article}}
{{Use American English|date=March 2019}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=July
{{Infobox astronaut
|name = Buzz Aldrin
Line 38:
|thesis_year = 1963
|doctoral_advisors = {{ubl|Walter Wrigley|Robert Halfman|Myron Hoffman|Norman Sears}}}}
|website = {{
|signature = Buzz Aldrin Autograph.svg
}}
Line 45:
Born in [[Glen Ridge, New Jersey]], Aldrin graduated third in the class of 1951 from the [[United States Military Academy]] at West Point with a degree in [[mechanical engineering]]. He was commissioned into the [[United States Air Force]] and served as a jet fighter pilot during the [[Korean War]]. He flew 66 combat missions and shot down two [[MiG-15]] aircraft.
After earning a [[Doctor of Science]] degree in [[astronautics]] from the [[Massachusetts Institute of Technology]] (MIT), Aldrin was selected as a member of [[NASA]]'s [[Astronaut Group 3]], making him the first astronaut with a doctoral degree. His doctoral thesis, ''Line-of-Sight Guidance Techniques for Manned Orbital Rendezvous'', earned him the nickname "Dr. Rendezvous" from fellow astronauts. His first space flight was in 1966 on Gemini 12, during which he spent over five hours on [[extravehicular activity]]. Three years later, Aldrin set foot on the Moon at 03:15:16 on July 21, 1969 ([[Coordinated Universal Time|UTC]]),<!-- Do not change date or time, see FAQ --> nineteen minutes after Armstrong first touched the surface, while [[command module pilot]] [[Michael Collins (astronaut)|Michael Collins]] remained in lunar orbit. A [[Presbyterian Church (U.S.A.)|Presbyterian]] [[Elder (Presbyterian)|elder]], Aldrin became the first person to hold a religious ceremony on the Moon when he privately took [[Eucharist|communion]], which have been the first food and liquid to be consumed there.
After leaving NASA in 1971, Aldrin became Commandant of the [[U.S. Air Force Test Pilot School]]. He retired from the Air Force in 1972 after 21 years of service. His autobiographies ''Return to Earth'' (1973) and ''[[Magnificent Desolation (book)|Magnificent Desolation]]'' (2009) recount his struggles with [[clinical depression]] and [[alcoholism]] in the years after leaving NASA. Aldrin continues to advocate for [[space exploration]], particularly a [[human mission to Mars]]. He developed the [[Aldrin cycler]], a special spacecraft [[trajectory]] that makes travel to Mars more efficient in terms of time and propellant. He has been accorded numerous honors, including the [[Presidential Medal of Freedom]] in 1969.
== Early life and education ==
Aldrin was born Edwin Eugene Aldrin Jr. on January 20, 1930, at [[Mountainside Hospital]] in [[Glen Ridge, New Jersey]].<ref name="Record20090721">{{cite news |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/29575752/the_montclair_times/|title=The Place Where There's Buzz|newspaper=The Montclair Times|location=Montclair, New Jersey|page=A5|date=September 22, 2016|last1=Kaulessar|first1=Ricardo|via=Newspapers.com}}</ref> His parents, [[Edwin Eugene Aldrin Sr.]] and Marion Aldrin ({{née}} Moon), lived in neighboring [[Montclair, New Jersey|Montclair]].{{sfn|Hansen|2005|pp=348–349}} His father was an [[Army aviation|Army aviator]] during [[World War I]] and the assistant commandant of the Army's test pilot school at [[McCook Field]], Ohio, from 1919 to 1922, but left the Army in 1928 and became an executive at [[Standard Oil]].{{sfn|Grier|2016|pp=87–88}} Aldrin had two sisters: Madeleine, who was four years older, and Fay Ann, who was a year and a half older.{{sfn|Hansen|2005|p=349}} His nickname, which became his legal first name in 1988,<ref name=":0" />{{Sfn|Nelson|2009|p=50}} arose as a result of Fay's mispronouncing "brother" as "buzzer", which was then shortened to "Buzz".{{sfn|Hansen|2005|p=349}}{{sfn|Chaikin|2007|p=585}} He was a [[Scouts BSA (Boy Scouts of America)|Boy Scout]], achieving the rank of [[Tenderfoot Scout]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.scouting.org/About/FactSheets/scouting_space.aspx |title=Scouting and Space Exploration |publisher=Boy Scouts of America |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304032406/http://www.scouting.org/about/factsheets/scouting_space.aspx |archive-date=March 4, 2016}}</ref>
Aldrin did well in school, maintaining an A average.<ref name=courierpost>{{cite news |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/23092915/courierpost/ |title=Buzz Aldrin... Scholar |newspaper=Courier-Post |location=Camden, New Jersey |date=August 1, 1969 |page=46 |via=Newspapers.com}}</ref> He played [[High school football|football]] and was the starting [[center (gridiron football)|center]] for [[Montclair High School (New Jersey)|Montclair High School]]'s undefeated 1946 state champion team.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.montclairlocal.news/wp/index.php/2018/07/01/montclair-history-dozens-of-greats-who-have-played-sports-in-montclair/ |title=Montclair 150: Dozens of Greats Who Have Played Sports in Montclair |date=July 1, 2018 |newspaper=Montclair Local News |access-date=August 23, 2018 |last1=Garda |first1=Andrew |archive-date=August 24, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180824101813/http://www.montclairlocal.news/wp/index.php/2018/07/01/montclair-history-dozens-of-greats-who-have-played-sports-in-montclair/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/27421422/the_tampa_tribune/ |title=At 57, Rookie Tries Hand |newspaper=The Tampa Tribune |location=Tampa, Florida |agency=UPI |last1=Snyder |first1=Steve |page=52 |date=September 17, 1969 |via=Newspapers.com}}</ref> His father wanted him to go to the [[United States Naval Academy]] in [[Annapolis, Maryland]], and enrolled him at nearby [[Severn School]], a [[College-preparatory school|preparatory school]] for Annapolis, and even secured him a Naval Academy appointment from [[Albert W. Hawkes]], one of the [[United States senator]]s from New Jersey.{{sfn|Hansen|2005|p=351}} Aldrin attended Severn School in 1946,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.severnschool.com/page/severn-news?pk=676011 |publisher=Severn School |title=Buzz Aldrin to Speak at Severn School |date=September 17, 2013 |access-date=November 5, 2018}}</ref> but had other ideas about his future career. He suffered from seasickness and considered ships a distraction from flying airplanes. He faced down his father and told him to ask Hawkes to change the nomination to the [[United States Military Academy]] at [[West Point, New York]].{{sfn|Hansen|2005|p=351}}
Line 79:
== NASA career ==
Aldrin initially applied to join the astronaut corps when NASA's [[Astronaut Group 2]] was selected in 1962. His application was rejected on the grounds that he was not a test pilot. Aldrin was aware of the requirement and asked for a waiver but the request was turned down.{{sfn|Burgess|2013|p=203}} On May 15, 1963, NASA announced another round of selections, this time with the requirement that applicants had either test pilot experience or 1,000 hours of flying time in jet aircraft.{{sfn|Burgess|2013|p=199}} Aldrin had over 2,500 hours of flying time, of which 2,200 was in jets.{{sfn|Burgess|2013|p=285}} His selection as one of fourteen members of NASA's [[Astronaut Group 3]] was announced on October 18, 1963.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.jsc.nasa.gov/history/roundups/issues/63-10-30.pdf |title=14 New Astronauts Introduced at Press Conference |publisher=NASA |date=October 30, 1963|access-date=April 13, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170417065923/https://www.jsc.nasa.gov/history/roundups/issues/63-10-30.pdf |archive-date=April 17, 2017}}</ref> This made him the first astronaut with a doctoral degree which, combined with his expertise in orbital mechanics, earned him the nickname "Dr. Rendezvous" from his fellow astronauts.{{sfn|Chaikin|2007|p=143}}<ref>{{cite interview |url=http://www.jsc.nasa.gov/history/oral_histories/BostickJC/BostickJC_2-23-00.htm |date=February 23, 2000 |last=Bostick |first=Jerry C. |interviewer=Carol Butler |publisher=NASA Johnson Space Center Oral History Project|access-date=December 10, 2016 |title=Jerry C. Bostick Oral History}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |work=NBC News |url=http://www.nbcnews.com/id/3077906/ns/technology_and_science-space/t/buzz-aldrin-plans-next-giant-leap/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140709020858/http://www.nbcnews.com/id/3077906/ns/technology_and_science-space/t/buzz-aldrin-plans-next-giant-leap/|url-status=dead|archive-date=July 9, 2014|access-date=December 10, 2016 |date=July 15, 1999 |title=Buzz Aldrin plans the next giant leap |author=Roger Ressmeyer}}</ref> Although Aldrin was both the most educated and the rendezvous expert in the astronaut corps,{{sfn|Collins|2001|pp=314}} he was aware that the nickname was not always intended as a compliment.{{sfn|Grier|2016|p=92}} Upon completion of initial training, each new astronaut was assigned a field of expertise; in Aldrin's case, it was mission planning, trajectory analysis, and flight plans.{{sfn|Burgess|2013|p=322}}{{sfn|Collins|2001|p=100}}
=== Gemini program ===
Line 125:
Throughout the descent, Aldrin called out navigation data to Armstrong, who was busy piloting the ''Eagle''.{{sfn|Mindell|2008|p=226}} Five minutes into the descent burn, and {{convert|6000|ft|m|-2}} above the surface of the Moon, the [[Apollo Guidance Computer|LM guidance computer]] (LGC) distracted the crew with the first of several unexpected alarms that indicated that it could not complete all its tasks in real time and had to postpone some of them.{{sfn|Collins|Aldrin|1975|pp=210–212}} Due to the 1202/1201 program alarms caused by spurious rendezvous radar inputs to the LGC,<ref name=radar>
{{citation |url=http://klabs.org/history/apollo_11_alarms/eyles_2004/eyles_2004.htm |title=Tales From The Lunar Module Guidance Computer |first=Don |last=Eyles |publisher=American Astronautical Society |date=February 6, 2004 |work=27th annual Guidance and Control Conference |place=Breckenridge, Colorado}}</ref> Armstrong manually landed the ''Eagle'' instead of using the computer's autopilot. The ''Eagle'' landed at 20:17:40 UTC on Sunday July 20 with about 25 seconds of fuel left.<ref name="ALSJ 1">{{cite web |url=http://www.hq.nasa.gov/alsj/a11/a11.landing.html |title=The First Lunar Landing |date=1995 |editor-last=
As a [[Presbyterian elder]], Aldrin was the first and only person to hold a religious ceremony on the Moon. He radioed Earth: "I'd like to take this opportunity to ask every person listening in, whoever and wherever they may be, to pause for a moment and contemplate the events of the past few hours, and to give thanks in his or her own way."{{sfn|Chaikin|2007|p=205}} Using a kit given to him by his pastor,{{sfn|Farmer|Hamblin|1970|p=251}} he took [[Eucharist|communion]] and read Jesus's words from the [[New Testament]]'s John 15:5, as Aldrin records it: "I am the vine. You are the branches. Whoever remains in me, and I in him, will bear much fruit; for you can do nothing without me."{{sfn|Aldrin|Abraham|2009|pp=26–27; online: https://books.google.com/books?id=Ey9qaUExkAwC&q=vine#v=snippet&f=false.}} But he kept this ceremony secret because of a lawsuit over the [[reading of Genesis on Apollo 8]].{{sfn|Chaikin|2007|p=204}} In 1970 he commented: "It was interesting to think that the very first liquid ever poured on the Moon, and the first food eaten there, were communion elements."<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.guideposts.org/better-living/life-advice/finding-life-purpose/guideposts-classics-buzz-aldrin-on-communion-in-space |series=Guideposts Classics |title=Buzz Aldrin on Communion in Space |date=July 10, 2014 |orig-year=1970 |work=Guideposts |last1=Aldrin |first1=Buzz |access-date=January 21, 2019 |archive-date=April 17, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190417181815/https://www.guideposts.org/better-living/life-advice/finding-life-purpose/guideposts-classics-buzz-aldrin-on-communion-in-space |url-status=dead }}</ref>
Line 174:
== Mission to Mars advocacy ==
[[File:Apollo 11 astronaut Buzz Aldrin tries out Microsoft HoloLens (29794543715).jpg|thumb|upright|Aldrin at a preview of the Destination: Mars experience]]
After leaving NASA, Aldrin continued to advocate for space exploration. In 1985 he joined the [[University of North Dakota]] (UND)'s [[John D. Odegard School of Aerospace Sciences|College of Aerospace Sciences]] at the invitation of John D. Odegard, the dean of the college. Aldrin helped to develop UND's Space Studies program and brought [[David C. Webb|David Webb]] from NASA to serve as the department's first chair.<ref>Rice, Daniel R. (1992). The Clifford Years: The University of North Dakota, 1971–1992. p. 46.</ref> To further promote space exploration, and to commemorate the 40th anniversary of the first lunar landing, Aldrin teamed up with [[Snoop Dogg]], [[Quincy Jones]], [[Talib Kweli]], and [[Soulja Boy]] to create the rap single and video "Rocket Experience", proceeds from which were donated to Aldrin's non-profit foundation, [[ShareSpace foundation|ShareSpace]].<ref>{{cite news |first=Jacqui |last=Goddard |url=http://www.thetimes.co.uk/tto/arts/music/article2417581.ece |title=Buzz Aldrin and Snoop Dogg reach for the stars with Rocket Experience |newspaper=[[The Times]] |date=June 25, 2009 |access-date=November 10, 2018}}</ref> He is also a member of the [[Mars Society]]'s Steering committee.<ref name=":9">{{Cite web |title=Steering Committee – 2022 |url=https://www.marssociety.org/steering-committee/ |access-date=July 19, 2022 |website=Mars Society |language=en}}</ref>
In 1985, Aldrin proposed a special spacecraft [[trajectory]] now known as the [[Aldrin cycler]].<ref>Aldrin, E.E., "Cyclic Trajectory Concepts", SAIC presentation to the Interplanetary Rapid Transit Study Meeting, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, October 1985.</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author1=Byrnes, D.V. |author2=Longuski, J.M. |author3=and Aldrin, B. |title=Cycler Orbit Between Earth and Mars |journal=Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets |volume=30 |issue=3 |year=1993 |pages=334–336 |doi=10.2514/3.25519 |url=https://engineering.purdue.edu/people/james.m.longuski.1/JournalArticles/1993/CyclerOrbitbetweenEarthandMars.pdf |access-date=October 25, 2015 |bibcode=1993JSpRo..30..334B}}</ref> Cycler trajectories offer reduced cost of repeated travel to Mars by using less propellant. The Aldrin cycler provided a five and a half month journey from the Earth to Mars, with a return trip to Earth of the same duration on a twin cycler orbit. Aldrin continues to research this concept with engineers from Purdue University.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://buzzaldrin.com/space-vision/rocket_science/aldrin-mars-cycler/ |title=Aldrin Mars Cycler |publisher=buzzaldrin.com |access-date=August 18, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180819114408/https://buzzaldrin.com/space-vision/rocket_science/aldrin-mars-cycler/ |archive-date=August 19, 2018 |url-status=dead }}</ref> In 1996 Aldrin founded Starcraft Boosters, Inc. (SBI) to design reusable rocket launchers.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://buzzaldrin.com/space-vision/rocket_science/starbooster/|title=Buzz Aldrin Astronaut Apollo 11, Gemini 12 | Starbooster |website=buzzaldrin.com |access-date=July 21, 2019}}</ref>
Line 187:
The ''[[Toy Story (franchise)|Toy Story]]'' character [[Buzz Lightyear]] was named in honor of Buzz Aldrin.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/films/news/early-toy-story-concept-art-had-woody-and-buzz-lightyear-looking-a-little-strange-a6792291.html|title=Early Toy Story concept art had Woody and Buzz Lightyear looking a little strange|last1=Loughrey|first1=Clarisse|date=December 31, 2015|newspaper=Independent|access-date=March 16, 2019}}</ref>
In 1999, while celebrating the 30th anniversary of the lunar landing, Vice President [[Al Gore]], who was also the vice-chancellor of the Smithsonian Institution's Board of Regents, presented the Apollo{{nbsp}}11 crew with the [[Smithsonian Institution]]'s [[Langley Gold Medal]] for aviation. After the ceremony, the crew went to the White House and presented President [[Bill Clinton]] with an encased Moon rock.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nbcnews.com/id/3077902/ns/technology_and_science-space/t/moon-anniversary-celebrated/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180304172507/http://www.nbcnews.com/id/3077902/ns/technology_and_science-space/t/moon-anniversary-celebrated/ |url-status=dead |archive-date=March 4, 2018 |title=Moon Anniversary Celebrated |work=NBC News |last1=Boyle |first1=Alan|date=July 20, 1999 |access-date=March 3, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cnn.com/TECH/space/9907/20/apollo.11.awards/ |title=Apollo 11 astronauts honored for 'astonishing' mission |date=July 20, 1999 |work=CNN|access-date=April 24, 2018}}</ref> The Apollo{{nbsp}}11 crew was awarded the New Frontier [[Congressional Gold Medal]] in the Capitol Rotunda in 2011. During the ceremony, NASA administrator [[Charles Bolden]] said, "Those of us who have had the privilege to fly in space followed the trail they forged."<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.nasa.gov/topics/people/features/gold_medal.html |title=NASA Legends Awarded Congressional Gold Medal |publisher=NASA |date=November 16, 2011 |access-date=December 19, 2017 |archive-date=May 19, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170519175531/https://www.nasa.gov/topics/people/features/gold_medal.html |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name=goldmedal>''Congressional Gold Medal to Astronauts Neil A. Armstrong, Buzz Aldrin, and Michael Collins''. {{USCongRec|2000|H4714|date=June 20, 2000}}. Accessed April 16, 2015.</ref>
[[File:Buzz Aldrin in 2001.jpg|thumb|left|upright|Aldrin in 2001 wearing the Presidential Medal of Freedom he received in 1969|alt=see caption]]
The Apollo{{nbsp}}11 crew were awarded the [[Collier Trophy]] in 1969. The National Aeronautic Association president awarded a duplicate trophy to Collins and Aldrin at a ceremony.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/27418925/the_charleston_daily_mail/ |title=Apollo 11 Spacemen Win Collier Trophy |agency=Associated Press |newspaper=The Charleston Daily Mail |location=Charleston, West Virginia |date=March 18, 1970 |page=9 |via=Newspapers.com}}</ref> The crew was awarded the 1969 General Thomas D. White USAF Space Trophy.<ref>{{cite magazine |url=http://www.airforcemag.com/MagazineArchive/Magazine%20Documents/1997/May%201997/0597recs.pdf |title=The Gen. Thomas D. White USAF Space Trophy |journal=Air Force Magazine |publisher=USAF |date=May 1997 |page=156}}</ref> The National Space Club named the crew the winners of the 1970 [[Dr. Robert H. Goddard Memorial Trophy]], awarded annually for the greatest achievement in spaceflight.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/23148781/the_times/ |title=Astronauts of Apollo 11 to be Feted |newspaper=The Times |location=Shreveport, Louisiana |agency=Associated Press |date=March 6, 1970 |page=10 |via=Newspapers.com}}</ref> They received the international [[Harmon Trophy]] for aviators in 1970,<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1970/09/07/archives/two-raf-pilots-to-share-harmon-aviators-trophy.html |title=Two R.A.F. Pilots to Share Harmon Aviator's Trophy |date=September 7, 1970|access-date=March 3, 2018 |newspaper=The New York Times |page=36}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/19532169/the_montgomery_advertiser/ |title=Apollo 11 Astronauts Add Harmon Trophy to Collection |newspaper=The Montgomery Advertiser |location=Montgomery, Alabama |date=September 6, 1970 |page=6E |via=Newspapers.com |agency=Associated Press}}</ref> conferred to them by Vice President [[Spiro Agnew]] in 1971.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/19532416/the_times/ |title=3 Astronauts get Harmon Trophies |newspaper=The Times |location=Shreveport, Louisiana |agency=Associated Press |date=May 20, 1971 |page=2–B |via=Newspapers.com}}</ref> Agnew also presented them the [[Hubbard Medal]] of the National Geographic Society in 1970. He told them, "You've won a place alongside Christopher Columbus in American history".<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/19603390/the_la_crosse_tribune/ |title=Agnew Gives Medals to Apollo 11 Crew |newspaper=The La Crosse Tribune |agency=Associated Press |date=February 18, 1970 |page=6 |location=La Crosse, Wisconsin |via=Newspapers.com}}</ref> In 1970, the Apollo{{nbsp}}11 team were co-winners of the [[Iven C. Kincheloe]] award from the [[Society of Experimental Test Pilots]] along with [[Darryl Greenamyer]] who broke the world speed record for piston engine airplanes.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/27418798/valley_news/ |title=Record Setting Aviators Honored by Pilots Group |newspaper=Valley News |location=Van Nuys, California |date=October 10, 1970 |page=51 |via=Newspapers.com}}</ref> For contributions to the television industry, they were honored with round plaques on the [[Hollywood Walk of Fame]].<ref>{{cite news |url=http://projects.latimes.com/hollywood/star-walk/apollo-landing/ |title=Apollo Landing – Hollywood Star Walk |newspaper=Los Angeles Times |first=Scott |last=Sandell |date=March 1, 2010 |access-date=November 20, 2018}}</ref>
In 2001, President [[George W. Bush]] appointed Aldrin to the [[Commission on the Future of the United States Aerospace Industry]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releases/2001/08/20010822-6.html |title=Personnel Announcements|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170902140947/https://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releases/2001/08/20010822-6.html |archive-date=September 2, 2017|url-status=live |date=August 22, 2001 |publisher=The White House}}</ref> Aldrin received the 2003 Humanitarian Award from [[Variety, the Children's Charity]], which, according to the organization, "is given to an individual who has shown unusual understanding, empathy, and devotion to mankind."<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.varietychildrenscharity.org/about_variety/humanitarian_awards.php |title=Variety International Humanitarian Awards |publisher=Variety, the Children's Charity |access-date=May 7, 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927180538/http://www.varietychildrenscharity.org/about_variety/humanitarian_awards.php|archive-date=September 27, 2007|url-status=dead}}</ref> In 2006, the [[Space Foundation]] awarded him its highest honor, the General [[James E. Hill]] Lifetime Space Achievement Award.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nationalspacesymposium.org/symposium-awards |title=Symposium Awards |access-date=January 31, 2012 |url-status=
Aldrin received honorary degrees from six colleges and universities,<ref name="nasabio" /> and was named as the Chancellor of the [[International Space University]] in 2015.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.businessinsider.com.au/australia-space-agency-value-2018-7 |title=Australia finally has a space agency – here's why it's about time |first1=Peter |last1=Farquhar |date=July 2, 2018 |publisher=Business Insider Australia |access-date=January 19, 2019 |archive-date=July 17, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190717043447/https://www.businessinsider.com.au/australia-space-agency-value-2018-7 |url-status=dead }}</ref> He was a member of the [[National Space Society]]'s Board of Governors,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nss.org/about/bios/aldrin.html |title=National Space Society Board of Governors |publisher=National Space Society |access-date=December 19, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180329161552/http://www.nss.org/about/bios/aldrin.html |archive-date=March 29, 2018 |url-status=dead }}</ref> and has served as the organization's chairman. In 2016, his hometown middle school in Montclair, New Jersey, was renamed Buzz Aldrin Middle School.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Kent |first1=Spencer |title=N.J. middle school renamed after Apollo 11's Buzz Aldrin |url=http://www.nj.com/essex/index.ssf/2016/09/nj_school_renamed_in_honor_of_apollo_11s_buzz_aldr.html |access-date=March 14, 2017 |agency=NJ Advance Media |date=September 16, 2016}}</ref> The [[Aldrin (crater)|Aldrin crater]] on the Moon near the Apollo{{nbsp}}11 landing site and Asteroid [[6470 Aldrin]] are named in his honor.<ref name="newmexico">{{cite web |url=http://www.nmspacemuseum.org/halloffame/detail.php?id=59 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100707125942/http://www.nmspacemuseum.org/halloffame/detail.php?id=59 |archive-date=July 7, 2010 |url-status=dead |title=Second man to set foot on the Moon |publisher=New Mexico Museum of Space History|access-date=August 18, 2018}}</ref>
In 2019, Aldrin was awarded the [[Starmus Festival]]'s [[Stephen Hawking Medal for Science Communication]] for Lifetime Achievement.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/science/2019/06/29/buzz-aldrin-stephen-hawking-persuaded-go-back-moon-mars/ |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220111/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/science/2019/06/29/buzz-aldrin-stephen-hawking-persuaded-go-back-moon-mars/ |archive-date=January 11, 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live|title=Stephen Hawking persuaded Buzz Aldrin that humans should return to the Moon before venturing to Mars. (June 30, 2019)|newspaper=The Telegraph|date=June 30, 2019|last1=Knapton|first1=Sarah}}{{cbignore}}</ref> On his 93rd birthday he was honored by [[Living Legends of Aviation]].<ref name="AncaTweet">{{cite tweet |last=Aldrin |first=Buzz |url=https://twitter.com/TheRealBuzz/status/1616600085441159168 |title=On my 93rd birthday ... I am pleased to announce that my longtime love Dr. Anca Faur & I have tied the knot |date=January 20, 2023 |user=TheRealBuzz |number=1616600085441159168 }}</ref> On May 5, 2023, he received an honorary promotion to the rank of brigadier general in the United States Air Force, as well as being made an honorary Space Force guardian.<ref>{{Cite news |first=Richard |last=Tribou |title=Buzz Aldrin to be promoted to Air Force brigadier general |newspaper=The Spokesman-Review |url=https://www.spokesman.com/stories/2023/apr/21/buzz-aldrin-to-be-promoted-to-air-force-brigadier-/ |date=April 21, 2023 |access-date=May 5, 2023 }}</ref><ref>{{cite press release |title=Space Systems Command Hosts Ceremony Honoring Astronaut & Fighter Pilot Colonel Buzz Aldrin's Honorary Appointment to Brigadier General |date=April 21, 2023 |url=https://www.ssc.spaceforce.mil/Portals/3/Space%20Systems%20Command%20Hosts%20Ceremony%20Honoring%20Astronaut%20%20Fighter%20Pilot%20Colonel%20Buzz%20Aldrin%27s%20Honorary%20Appointment%20to%20Brigadier%20General.pdf |access-date=May 6, 2023 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Buzz Aldrin Honorarily Promoted to Brigadier General at the Request of Rep. Calvert |date= April 20, 2023 |publisher= Congressman Ken Calvert |url=https://calvert.house.gov/media/press-releases/buzz-aldrin-honorarily-promoted-brigadier-general-request-rep-calvert |access-date=May 6, 2023}}</ref>
== Personal life ==
Line 205:
In 2018, Aldrin was involved in a legal dispute with his children Andrew and Janice and former business manager Christina Korp over their claims that he was mentally impaired through [[dementia]] and [[Alzheimer's disease]]. His children alleged that he made new friends who were alienating him from the family and encouraging him to spend his savings at a high rate. They sought to be named legal guardians so they could control his finances.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-44609561 |title=US astronaut Buzz Aldrin sues his two children for 'misuse of finances' |date=June 26, 2018 |work=BBC News Online |access-date=June 26, 2018}}</ref> In June, Aldrin filed a lawsuit against Andrew, Janice, Korp, and businesses and foundations run by the family.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.orlandosentinel.com/business/space/go-for-launch/os-buzz-aldrin-sues-children-20180625-story.html|title=Buzz Aldrin sues 2 of his children, claiming slander over dementia|last1=Schneider|first1=Mike|agency=Associated Press|work=Orlando Sentinel|date=June 25, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220124131928/https://www.orlandosentinel.com/space/os-buzz-aldrin-sues-children-20180625-story.html|archive-date=January 24, 2022}}</ref> Aldrin alleged that Janice was not acting in his financial interest and that Korp was exploiting the elderly. He sought to remove Andrew's control of Aldrin's social media accounts, finances, and businesses. The situation ended when his children withdrew their petition and he dropped the lawsuit in March 2019, several months before the 50th anniversary of the Apollo{{nbsp}}11 mission.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.orlandosentinel.com/business/space/go-for-launch/os-ne-buzz-aldrin-children-legal-fight-20190313-story.html|title=Buzz Aldrin's legal fight with his children ends: 'Difficult situation' resolved ahead of Apollo{{nbsp}}11 anniversary|last1=Schneider|first1=Mike|agency=Associated Press|work=Orlando Sentinel|date=March 13, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200519134649/https://www.orlandosentinel.com/space/os-ne-buzz-aldrin-children-legal-fight-20190313-story.html|archive-date=May 19, 2020}}</ref>
On January 20, 2023, his 93rd birthday, Aldrin announced on [[Twitter]] that he had married for the fourth time, to his 63-year-old companion, Anca Faur.<ref>{{cite news|first=Tom|last=Ambrose|url=https://www.theguardian.com/science/2023/jan/21/over-the-moon-buzz-aldrin-marries-long-time-love-on-his-93rd-birthday|title=Over the moon! Buzz Aldrin marries 'long-time love' on his 93rd birthday|work=[[The Guardian]]|date=January 20, 2023|access-date=June 17, 2024}}</ref><ref name="AncaTweet" />
=== Politics ===
[[File:-Apollo50th (48356639337).jpg|thumb|right|Aldrin with President [[Donald Trump]] in July 2019]]
Aldrin is an active supporter of the [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican Party]], headlining fundraisers for its members of [[United States Congress|Congress]]<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://combatveteransforcongress.org/sites/default/files/2-26-10-invite.pdf |title=Lori and Ken Harges invite you to a Gala Event |publisher=Combat Veterans For Congress|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130808214647/http://combatveteransforcongress.org/sites/default/files/2-26-10-invite.pdf|archive-date=August 8, 2013|url-status=live|access-date=February 26, 2010}}</ref> and endorsing its candidates. He appeared at a rally for George W. Bush in 2004 and campaigned for Paul Rancatore in Florida in 2008, [[Mead Treadwell]] in Alaska in 2014<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.spacepolitics.com/2014/08/19/buzz-aldrin-endorses-candidate-in-alaska-senate-race/ |title=Buzz Aldrin endorses candidate in Alaska Senate race |publisher=Space Politics |first=Jeff |last=Foust |date=August 19, 2014 |access-date=November 11, 2018}}</ref> and [[Dan Crenshaw]] in Texas in 2018.<ref>{{cite news |newspaper=Houston Chronicle |title=Buzz Aldrin endorses GOP contender in contest to succeed Ted Poe |first=Jeremy |last=Wallace |date=January 12, 2018 |url=https://www.chron.com/news/politics/texas/article/Buzz-Aldrin-rockets-into-key-Houston-12492132.php |access-date=November 11, 2018}}</ref> He appeared at the [[2019 State of the Union Address]] as a guest of President [[Donald Trump]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.thenational.ae/world/the-americas/buzz-aldrin-makes-guest-appearance-at-donald-trump-s-state-of-the-union-address-1.822482 |title=Buzz Aldrin makes guest appearance at Donald Trump's State of the Union address |publisher= The National |date=February 6, 2019 |access-date=February 13, 2019}}</ref>
In the [[2024 United States presidential election|2024 Presidential Election]], he endorsed Donald Trump.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-10-30 |title=Buzz Aldrin endorses Trump reelection bid |url=https://thehill.com/homenews/campaign/4962245-buzz-aldrin-endorses-trump-reelection/amp/ |access-date=2024-10-30 |website=The Hill |language=en-US}}</ref> Aldrin cited Trump's promotion of space exploration policy as a reason for his endorsement, claiming that interest in it has waned in previous years.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Howard |first1=Andrew |title=Astronaut Buzz Aldrin endorses Trump for president |url=https://www.politico.com/live-updates/2024/10/30/2024-elections-live-coverage-updates-analysis/buzz-aldrin-endorses-trump-00186248 |work=Politico |date=30 October 2024}}</ref>
=== Freemasonry ===
Buzz Aldrin is the first [[Freemasonry|Freemason]] to set foot on the Moon.<ref>{{cite web |title=Famous Freemason From History: Buzz Aldrin |url=https://www.scottishriteboston.net/en/article_view.php?news_id=835 |access-date=January 30, 2023 |archive-date=January 30, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230130204846/https://www.scottishriteboston.net/en/article_view.php?news_id=835 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Aldrin was initiated into Freemasonry at Oak Park Lodge No. 864 in Alabama and raised at Lawrence N. Greenleaf Lodge, No. 169 in Colorado.<ref>{{cite web |title=To The Moon And Back With Buzz Aldrin |url=https://scottishritenmj.org/blog/to-the-moon-and-back-with-buzz-aldrin}}</ref>
By the time Aldrin stepped onto the lunar surface, he was a member of two Masonic lodges: Montclair Lodge No. 144 in New Jersey and Clear Lake Lodge No. 1417 in Seabrook, Texas, where he was invited to serve on the High Council and was ordained in the 33rd degree of the Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite.<ref name="oginski.by">{{cite web |title=Freemasons on the Moon: a secret mission |url=https://oginski.by/en/masony-na-lune-taynaya-missiya/}}</ref>
Aldrin is also a member of [[York Rite]] and Arabia Shrine Temple of Houston.<ref
=== Other ===
Line 225 ⟶ 227:
{{blockquote|... deeply saddened by the passing{{nbsp}}... I know I am joined by many millions of others from around the world in mourning the passing of a true American hero and the best pilot I ever knew{{nbsp}}... I had truly hoped that on July 20, 2019, Neil, Mike and I would be standing together to commemorate the 50th Anniversary of our moon landing.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://buzzaldrin.com/buzz-aldrins-official-statement-on-the-passing-of-neil-armstrong |title=On the Passing of Neil Armstrong |last=Aldrin |first=Buzz |date=August 25, 2012 |publisher=Buzz Aldrin Enterprises |type=Official statement |access-date=October 25, 2015}}</ref>}}
Aldrin has primarily resided in the Los Angeles area, including Beverly Hills and [[Laguna Beach, California|Laguna Beach]] since 1985.<ref>{{Cite web |title=RecorderWorks |url=https://cr.ocgov.com/recorderworks/ |access-date=
Aldrin has been a [[teetotalism|teetotaler]] since 1978.{{sfn|Aldrin|Abraham|2009|p=172, 188–189}}
Line 257 ⟶ 259:
| ''[[The Simpsons]]''
| Himself (voice)
| Episode: "[[Deep Space Homer]]". Aldrin accompanies [[Homer Simpson]] on a trip into space as part of NASA's plan to improve its public image<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://tv.avclub.com/the-simpsons-classic-deep-space-homer-1798176159 |title=The Simpsons (Classic): 'Deep Space Homer' |last=Rabin |first=Nathan |date=March 17, 2013 |website=TV Club |language=en-US |access-date=March 16, 2019 |archive-date=May 13, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210513130752/https://tv.avclub.com/the-simpsons-classic-deep-space-homer-1798176159 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/35732138/the_morning_call/|title=A Look at Armstrong, Aldin and Collins|newspaper=The Morning Call|location=Allentown, Pennsylvania|date=July 10, 1994|page=E2|via=Newspapers.com|agency=Associated Press}}</ref>
|-
| 1997
| ''[[Space Ghost Coast to Coast]]''
| Himself
| Episodes: "Brilliant Number One"<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ign.com/articles/2005/07/13/space-ghost-coast-to-coast-volume-3 |title=Space Ghost Coast to Coast Volume 3 |last=Blevins |first=Tal |date=July 13, 2005 |website=IGN|access-date=December 18, 2017}}</ref> and "Brilliant Number Two"<ref>{{cite magazine |url=https://www.tvguide.com/tvshows/space-ghost-coast-to-coast/episode-11-season-4/brilliant-number-two/204516/ |title=Space Ghost Coast to Coast: Season 4, Episode 11 Brilliant Number Two |magazine=TV Guide|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190316062844/https://www.tvguide.com/tvshows/space-ghost-coast-to-coast/episode-11-season-4/brilliant-number-two/204516/|archive-date=March 16, 2019|url-status=
|-
|1999
Line 277 ⟶ 279:
| ''[[Numb3rs]]''
| Himself
| Episode: "[[Killer Chat (Numb3rs)|Killer Chat]]"<ref>{{cite web |url=
|-
| 2007
Line 295 ⟶ 297:
|-
| 2010
|''[[Dancing with the Stars (
| Himself/contestant
| 2nd eliminated in [[Dancing with the Stars (U.S. season 10)|season 10]]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://abcnews.go.com/GMA/SpringConcert/dancing-stars-buzz-aldrin-voted-off-kate-gosselin/story?id=10307425 |title=Buzz Aldrin Done on 'Dancing With the Stars' but Proud to Have Inspired People |last1=Escherich |first1=Katie |work=ABC News |date=April 7, 2010|access-date=October 21, 2018}}</ref>
Line 335 ⟶ 337:
|-
| 2016
| ''[[Hell's Kitchen (
| Himself
| Dining room guest and had his dinner cooked by the blue team due to their team challenge win<ref>Archived at [https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211211/hJOsrUgAnsc Ghostarchive]{{cbignore}} and the [https://web.archive.org/web/20200408190248/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hJOsrUgAnsc Wayback Machine]{{cbignore}}: {{cite web |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hJOsrUgAnsc |title=A Very Special Guest: Buzz Aldrin, Season 15 Ep. 3, Hell's Kitchen |publisher=Hell's Kitchen |via=YouTube |date=January 27, 2016|access-date=August 6, 2018}}{{cbignore}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://lancasteronline.com/features/food/local-chef-alan-parker-serves-appetizer-to-astronaut-buzz-aldrin/article_42873c00-c5de-11e5-926f-17d3a9e94114.html|title=Local chef Alan Parker serves appetizer to Astronaut Buzz Aldrin in 'Hell's Kitchen'|last1=Wright|first1=Mary Ellen|date=January 28, 2016|access-date=October 30, 2019|newspaper=Lancaster Online}}</ref>
Line 351 ⟶ 353:
}}
Aldrin has been portrayed by:
* [[Cliff Robertson]] in ''[[Return to Earth (film)|Return to Earth]]'' (1976)
* Larry Williams in ''[[Apollo 13 (film)|Apollo 13]]'' (1995){{sfn|McGee|2010|p=23}}
* [[Xander Berkeley]] in ''[[Apollo 11 (1996 film)|Apollo{{nbsp}}11]]'' (1996). He was also a technical advisor for the film.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/19685595/the_los_angeles_times/ |title=Moon Over 'Apollo 11' |newspaper=Los Angeles Times |date=November 17, 1996 |page=433 |via=Newspapers.com |last1=King |first1=Susan}}</ref>
Line 360 ⟶ 362:
* [[Chris Agos]] in ''[[For All Mankind (TV series)|For All Mankind]]'' (2019). 6 episodes.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.collectspace.com/news/news-102819a-for-all-mankind-apple-tv.html|title='For All Mankind' to launch alternate space race on Apple TV+|date=October 28, 2019|access-date=November 18, 2019|website=collectSPACE}}</ref>
* [[Felix Scott]] in ''[[The Crown (TV series)|The Crown]]'' (2019)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.collectspace.com/news/news-111819a-the-crown-apollo11-moon-landing.html|title=Apollo 11 first moon landing receives royal treatment in 'The Crown'|date=November 18, 2019|access-date=November 18, 2019|website=collectSPACE}}</ref>
* [[Roger Craig Smith]] (as real Buzz Aldrin) and [[Henry Winkler]] (as crisis actor Melvin Stupowitz) in ''[[Inside Job (2021 TV series)|Inside Job]]
* Bryn Thomas in ''[[Indiana Jones and the Dial of Destiny]]
=== Video games ===
Line 422 ⟶ 424:
== External links ==
{{
* [https://americanarchive.org/catalog/cpb-aacip_15-2804x55k2c Interview with Buzz Aldrin for NOVA series: To the Moon] WGBH Educational Foundation, raw footage, 1998
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20060919025024/http://www.cosmosmagazine.com/node/545 "Satellite of solitude"] by Buzz Aldrin: an article in which Aldrin describes what it was like to walk on the Moon, ''[[Cosmos (Australian magazine)|Cosmos]]'' science magazine, July 2005
Line 494 ⟶ 496:
[[Category:Spacewalkers]]
[[Category:United States Air Force generals]]
[[Category:American male pole vaulters]]
[[Category:Army Black Knights men's track and field athletes]]
| |||