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{{distinguish|Assyrian Church of the East|Church of the East}}
{{Infobox Christian denomination
| icon =
| icon_width =
| icon_alt =
| name = Ancient Church of the East
| native_name =
| native_name_lang =
| image = Church Church of the Virgin Mary in Baghdad.jpg
| imagewidth = 200px
| alt =
| caption = Cathedral of the Virgin Mary<br /> [[Baghdad]], [[Iraq]]
| abbreviation = ACE
| main_classification = [[Eastern Christianity]]
| orientation = [[Syriac Christianity]]
| theology =
| governance =
| structure =
| leader_title = [[Catholicos]]-[[Patriarch of the Church of the East|Patriarch]]
| leader_name = Gewargis III Younan
| associations =
| area =
| language = [[Syriac language|Syriac]]
| liturgy = [[East Syriac Rite]]
| headquarters = [[Baghdad]], [[Iraq]]
| origin_link =
| founder =
| founded_date =
| founded_place =
| separated_from = [[Assyrian Church of the East]]
| parent =
| merger =
| absorbed =
| separations =
| merged_into =
| defunct =
| congregations_type =
| congregations =
| members = <!-- or |number_of_followers = --> 70,000 in 1968;{{sfn|Baumer|2006|p=272}} approx. 75 ,000, of which 45 ,000 are in Iraq and 20 ,000 in India (1999)<ref name="blackwell1" />
| ministers_type =
| ministers =
| missionaries =
| churches =
| hospitals =
| nursing_homes =
| aid =
| primary_schools =
| secondary_schools =
| tax_status =
| tertiary =
| other_names =
| publications =
| website =
| slogan =
| logo =
| footnotes =
}}
 
The '''Ancient Church of the East''' ('''ACE''') is an [[Eastern Christian]] denomination. It branched from the [[Assyrian Church of the East]] in 1964, under the leadership of [[Mar (title)|Mar]] [[Thoma Darmo|Toma Darmo]] (d. 1969). It is one of three [[Assyrian people|Assyrian]] Churches that claim continuity with the historical [[Church of the East]] (the ancient [[Patriarchal Province of Seleucia-Ctesiphon]]), the others being the [[Assyrian Church of the East]] and the [[Chaldean Catholic Church]]. Since 1969, the see of the Ancient Church of the East is headquartered in Baghdad.<ref name="blackwell1" />
 
== History ==
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{{Update|section|date=November 2023}}
 
In 1964, a decision by [[Patriarch]] Mar [[Shimun XXIII Eshai]] of the [[Assyrian Church of the East]] to switch over from the traditional [[Julian calendar]] to the [[Gregorian calendar]] lead part of the Church of the East, to split off in a [[Schism in Christianity|schism]]. The breakaway group called itself the Ancient Church of the East and in 1968 [[Consecration|consecrated]] their own patriarch, [[Thoma Darmo|Mar Toma Darmo]], who strongly opposed to the system of hereditary succession of the position of patriarch of the Church of the East, as well as its adoption of the Gregorian calendar "and other modernizing measures". Mar Darmo was also joined by "various other groups opposed to Mar Shimun."<ref name="blackwell1">{{Cite book|url=http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/9781405166584|title=The Blackwell Dictionary of Eastern Christianity|date=2017-09-01|publisher=Blackwell Publishing Ltd|isbn=978-1-4051-6658-4|editor-last=Parry|editor-first=Ken|location=Oxford, UK|pages=122–3|language=en|chapter=Church of the East|doi=10.1002/9781405166584|orig-year=1999|editor2-last=Melling|editor2-first=David J.|editor3-last=Brady|editor3-first=Dimitri|editor4-last=Griffith|editor4-first=Sidney H.|editor5-last=Healey|editor5-first=John F.}}</ref>▼
The Ancient Church of the East is yet another name historically used for the Church of the East. This name became officially used when a schism happened in 1964, due to a decision made by [[Patriarch]] Mar [[Shimun XXIII Eshai]], to switch over from the traditional [[Julian calendar]] which the church has been following since its establishment before the mid first century CE to the [[Gregorian calendar]]. Part of the [[Assyrian Church of the East|Church of the East]], then led by Patriarch Mar [[Shimun XXIII Eshai]], continued with the patriarch's decision. This became the reason for the [[Schism in Christianity|schism]].
 
In 2011, [[Mar Mari Emmanuel]] was ordained a bishop in the Church in Australia, before he was excommunicated in July 2014 over "theological differences".<ref name>{{Cite news|url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2024-04-16/who-is-bishop-mar-mari-emmanuel-wakeley-church-attack/103728808|title=What we know about Bishop Mar Mari Emmanuel, who was stabbed in the Sydney church attack|publisher =[[ABC News Australia]]|date=2024-04-26}}</ref> Mar Yacob III Daniel was elected as new patriarch in June 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Fides |first=Agenzia |title=ASIA/IRAQ - Mar Yakoob III Danil elected new Patriarch of the Ancient Church of the East - Agenzia Fides |url=http://www.fides.org/en/news/72313-ASIA_IRAQ_Mar_Yakoob_III_Danil_elected_new_Patriarch_of_the_Ancient_Church_of_the_East%7B%7BBare+URL+inline%7Cdate=December+2022%7D%7D |access-date=18 December 2022 |website=www.fides.org}}</ref> InHowever, thehe monthabdicated oftwo August,months patriarch-electlater Marin YacobAugust III Daniel abdicated2022,<ref>{{Cite web |last=SyriacPress |date=2022-08-15 |title=Patriarch of Ancient Church of the East Mar Yakoob III Danil abdicates two months after election |url=https://syriacpress.com/blog/2022/08/15/patriarch-of-ancient-church-of-the-east-mar-yakoob-iii-danil-abdicates-two-months-after-election/ |access-date=2023-02-11 |website=SyriacPress |language=en-US}}</ref> and on 12 November 2022 the Holy Synod elected Mar Gewargis Younan to take his place. The consecration of the patriarch-elect was scheduled to take place in Baghdad in June 2023,<ref>{{Cite web |last=SyriacPress |date=2022-11-15 |title=Mor Gorgis Younan elected as new Patriarch of Ancient Church of the East |url=https://syriacpress.com/blog/2022/11/15/mor-gorgis-younan-elected-as-new-patriarch-of-ancient-church-of-the-east/ |access-date=2023-02-11 |website=SyriacPress |language=en-US}}</ref> and on 9 June, Mar Gewargis III Younan was consecrated as the 110th Patriarch of the Ancient Church of The East.▼
▲The Ancient Church of the East in 1968 [[Consecration|consecrated]] their own patriarch, [[Thoma Darmo|Mar Toma Darmo]], who strongly opposed to the system of hereditary succession of the position of patriarch of the Church of the East, as well as its adoption of the Gregorian calendar "and other modernizing measures". Mar Darmo was also joined by "various other groups opposed to Mar Shimun."<ref name="blackwell1">{{Cite book|url=http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/9781405166584|title=The Blackwell Dictionary of Eastern Christianity|date=2017-09-01|publisher=Blackwell Publishing Ltd|isbn=978-1-4051-6658-4|editor-last=Parry|editor-first=Ken|location=Oxford, UK|pages=122–3|language=en|chapter=Church of the East|doi=10.1002/9781405166584|orig-year=1999|editor2-last=Melling|editor2-first=David J.|editor3-last=Brady|editor3-first=Dimitri|editor4-last=Griffith|editor4-first=Sidney H.|editor5-last=Healey|editor5-first=John F.}}</ref>
 
▲In 2011, [[Mar Mari Emmanuel]] was ordained a bishop in the Church in Australia, before he was excommunicated in July 2014 over "theological differences".<ref name>{{Cite news|url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2024-04-16/who-is-bishop-mar-mari-emmanuel-wakeley-church-attack/103728808|title=What we know about Bishop Mar Mari Emmanuel, who was stabbed in the Sydney church attack|publisher =[[ABC News Australia]]|date=2024-04-26}}</ref> Mar Yacob III Daniel was elected as new patriarch in June 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Fides |first=Agenzia |title=ASIA/IRAQ - Mar Yakoob III Danil elected new Patriarch of the Ancient Church of the East - Agenzia Fides |url=http://www.fides.org/en/news/72313-ASIA_IRAQ_Mar_Yakoob_III_Danil_elected_new_Patriarch_of_the_Ancient_Church_of_the_East%7B%7BBare+URL+inline%7Cdate=December+2022%7D%7D |access-date=18 December 2022 |website=www.fides.org}}</ref> In the month of August, patriarch-elect Mar Yacob III Daniel abdicated,<ref>{{Cite web |last=SyriacPress |date=2022-08-15 |title=Patriarch of Ancient Church of the East Mar Yakoob III Danil abdicates two months after election |url=https://syriacpress.com/blog/2022/08/15/patriarch-of-ancient-church-of-the-east-mar-yakoob-iii-danil-abdicates-two-months-after-election/ |access-date=2023-02-11 |website=SyriacPress |language=en-US}}</ref> and on 12 November 2022 the Holy Synod elected Mar Gewargis Younan to take his place. The consecration of the patriarch-elect was scheduled to take place in Baghdad in June 2023,<ref>{{Cite web |last=SyriacPress |date=2022-11-15 |title=Mor Gorgis Younan elected as new Patriarch of Ancient Church of the East |url=https://syriacpress.com/blog/2022/11/15/mor-gorgis-younan-elected-as-new-patriarch-of-ancient-church-of-the-east/ |access-date=2023-02-11 |website=SyriacPress |language=en-US}}</ref> and on 9 June, Mar Gewargis III Younan was consecrated as the 110th Patriarch of the Ancient Church of The East.
 
== Organisation ==
=== Holy Synod ===
The [[Holy Synod]] is listed as follow:
* Mar Gewargis III Younan, Catholicos-Patriarch of the Whole World (seat in [[Baghdad, Iraq]])
* Mar Yacob Daniel, Metropolitan of the Archdiocese of Baghdad and Basra (seat in [[Baghdad and Basra]])
* Mar Zaia Khoshaba, Metropolitan of the Archdiocese of Canada and the United States (seat in [[Toronto, Canada]])
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* [[Thoma Darmo]] (1968–1969)
* [[Addai II Giwargis]] (1972–2022)
* Yacob III Daniel (2022-20222022–2022)
* Gewargis III Younan (9 June 2023<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.sbs.com.au/language/assyrian/en/podcast-episode/the-inauguration-of-his-beatitude-mar-giwargis-younan-as-the-hundred-and-tenth-patriarch/cnd1m5grt | title=New era for the Ancient Church of the East: The inauguration of His Grace Mar Gewargis Younan }}</ref> – present)
 
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Following the death (March 2015) of [[Dinkha IV]], Catholicos-Patriarch of the Assyrian Church of the East,<ref>{{Cite web|date=14 April 2015|title=Decree of the Holy Synod|url=https://news.assyrianchurch.org/decree-of-the-holy-synod/|url-status=live|access-date=2022-01-13|website=Assyrian Church News|language=en-US|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170116184510/http://news.assyrianchurch.org/decree-of-the-holy-synod/ |archive-date=2017-01-16 }}</ref> dialogue of unification continued between the churches.
 
On May 22, 2015, a meeting involving prelates of both Holy Councils took place in a suburb of Chicago, Illinois, in the library of St. Andrew's Assyrian Church of the East. Present were Yacoub Daniel, Zaia Khoshaba, and Gewargis Younan representing the Ancient Church of the East, and Gewargis Sliwa, Awa Royel, and Iskhaq Yousif representing the Assyrian Church of the East. Archdeacon William Toma served as the meeting's common secretary. Yacoub Daniel flew in from Australia for the meeting, and Zaia traveled from Canada.<ref>{{Cite web|title=PRESS RELEASE|url=https://news.assyrianchurch.org/press-release/|access-date=2022-01-13|website=Assyrian Church News|language=en-US}}</ref>
 
On June 1, 2015, the Holy Synod of the Assyrian Church of the East met in Erbil, Iraq, to discuss the future of the church. The date had previously been arranged for the election of the new Catholicos-Patriarch. Awa Royel issued a statement on the same day, notifying the public that a response to the Ancient Church of the East's recommendations for reunification had been delivered to their prelates. The letter requested a prompt response to the terms, and the election of the new Patriarch was suspended until the following week, on June 8, 2015.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Press Release from the holy Council of Bishops of the Assyrian Church of the East|url=https://news.assyrianchurch.org/press-release-from-the-holy-council-of-bishops-of-the-assyrian-church-of-the-east/|access-date=2022-01-13|website=Assyrian Church News|language=en-US}}</ref>
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