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'''Charles Babbage''' {{post-nominals|country=GBR|KH|FRS}} ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|b|æ|b|ɪ|dʒ}}; 26 December 1791 – 18 October 1871) was an English [[polymath]].<ref name= "Whalen1999">{{cite book| first=Terence |last= Whalen|title=Edgar Allan Poe and the masses: the political economy of literature in antebellum America| url=https://archive.org/details/edgarallanpoemas0000whal| url-access= registration|access-date=18 April 2013|year=1999|publisher=Princeton University Press|isbn=978-0-691-00199-9|page= [https://archive.org/details/edgarallanpoemas0000whal/page/254 254]}}</ref> A mathematician, philosopher, inventor and mechanical engineer, Babbage originated the concept of a digital programmable computer.<ref name="babb">{{Cite encyclopedia|chapter-url=https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/computing-history/|title=The Modern History of Computing (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy)| last= Copeland | first=B. Jack | authorlink=Jack Copeland | date=18 December 2000 | encyclopedia=[[Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy]]|access-date=1 March 2017|chapter=The Modern History of Computing |publisher=Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University}}</ref>
Babbage is considered by some to be "[[List of pioneers in computer science|father of the computer]]".<ref name= "babb"/><ref>{{cite book | last=Halacy| first= Daniel Stephen | title = Charles Babbage, Father of the Computer | url= https://archive.org/details/charlesbabbagefa00hala | url-access= registration | year = 1970 | publisher= Crowell-Collier Press | isbn = 978-0-02-741370-0 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cbi.umn.edu/about/babbage.html|title=Charles Babbage Institute: Who Was Charles Babbage?|website=cbi.umn.edu}}</ref><ref>{{cite book | author=Swade, Doron | title=The Difference Engine: Charles Babbage and the Quest to Build the First Computer. | url=https://archive.org/details/differenceengine00doro | url-access= registration | publisher=Penguin | year=2002 | isbn=9780142001448 }}</ref> He is credited with inventing the first [[mechanical computer]], the [[Difference Engine]], that eventually led to more complex electronic designs, though all the essential ideas of modern computers are to be found in his [[Analytical Engine]], programmed using a principle openly borrowed from the [[Jacquard
Babbage, who died before the complete successful engineering of many of his designs, including his Difference Engine and Analytical Engine, remained a prominent figure in the ideating of computing. Parts of his incomplete mechanisms are on display in the [[London Science Museum|Science Museum]] in London. In 1991, a functioning difference engine was constructed from the original plans. Built to [[engineering tolerance|tolerances]] achievable in the 19th century, the success of the finished engine indicated that Babbage's machine would have worked.
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