|
| image_size = 290px
| dates = October 1, 1927 – present
| country = {{flag|USSR}}<br />{{flag|Russia}}
| branch = [[File:Flag of the Ministry of Defence of the Russian Federation.svg|23px]] [[Ministry of Defence (Russia)|Ministry of Defense]]
| type = [[Military Band]]
| garrison = [[Moscow]]
| size = 227 musicians230
| nickname = Red Army Band
| commander1 = Colonel Sergey Durygin
== Brief history ==
[[File:UnitRU Parade.jpg|thumb|The band marching on [[Prince Alexander of Battenberg Square]] during the [[Bulgarian Armed Forces Day]] parade in 2009.]]
Even as the [[Presidential Band of the Russian Federation]] is the more senior military band of Russia (as it reports to the Federal Protective Service as part of the [[Kremlin Regiment]]), the CMB-MDR is the seniormost band in the [[Russian Armed Forces]] and the oldest active band in service, having been founded on October 1, 1927. It was founded as part of the overall changes in the organization of military bands of the then [[Soviet Armed Forces]], given the lack of a full-time band that would serve as the official band of the entire armed forces proper. It was formed inside the Moscow Central House of Officers of the Red Army (now the [[Central House of Officers of the Russian Army]]). It was then known as the Central Military Band of the [[People's Commissariat of Defense of the Soviet Union|People's Commissariat of Defense]]. After the reform of the military in the latter half of the 1940s, the name of the band was changed to the Independent Exemplary Band of the [[Ministry of Defense (Soviet Union)|Ministry of Defense]] ({{Lang-ru|Отдельном показательном оркестре Министерства обороны СССР, ОПОМО}}).
By the time, the [[Great Patriotic War]] began, the band was in the [[Belarusian SSR]] where it was staging a series of concerts in the [[Minsk Military District]]. Where the band performed at the Narev river, one side saw the band's performance while the other saw the German [[Wehrmacht]] preparing for [[Operation Barbarossa]]. The following day the war broke out. On 25 June 1941, the band returned to Moscow, three days after the start of hostiities.<ref>https://spasstower.ru/en/music-and-wwii/tsvo-na-gastrolyakh-v-belorusskom-voennom-okruge/</ref> In September of 1941, 28 musicians from the band received an order to go to the [[Western Front (Soviet Union)|Western Front]]. A month later, the band got surrounded by the German [[3rd Panzer Army]] and [[4th Panzer Army]] near the city of [[Vyazma]]. Although receiving the orders to break through the enemy circle and withdraw, the vehicle that was to do so was caught in the crossfire of a German motorized armed unit. Nine musicians died immediately, ten going missing.<ref>https://spasstower.ru/en/music-and-wwii/komandirovka-tsentralnogo-voennogo-orkestra-na-zapadnyy-front/</ref> Despite this setback, the band never ceased to perform over the course of the war, staging over 500 concerts and making 150 appearances on the All-Union radio. Among its activities were the ceremonies of awarding units their colors and state honors.<ref>https://spasstower.ru/en/music-and-wwii/tsentralnyy-voennyy-orkestr-minoborony-rossii-v-gody-vov/</ref> ▼
== Composition ==
The band consists of 227 musicians that come from all walks of life: civiliancivilians, contract soldiers, and conscript musicians serving their military service term.<ref>{{Citation|title=Галилео. Военный оркестр|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-AlXZDE2Q4U|language=en|access-date=2021-03-14}}</ref> The band itself is divided into two sections: a [[brass band]] and a [[symphonic band]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=hBcd288lML4|title = Central Military Band of Russia Documentary Фильм о Военном Оркестре России|website = [[YouTube]]}}</ref>
== Activities and Collaborationscollaborations ==
[[File:Russian military band in Moscow 2014.jpg|thumb|The band in their ceremonial uniform during the 2014 [[Spasskaya Tower Military Music Festival and Tattoo]].]]
The band participates in social, and cultural events of Russia. It is a permanent participant in the [[Spasskaya Tower Military Music Festival and Tattoo]]. The band regularly performs in the [[Grand Kremlin Palace]], the [[Spasskaya Tower (Festival)|Spasskaya Tower Festival]], and parades on [[Red Square]].<ref name=":0" /> The central band actively tours the globe, and has made appearances in [[Algeria]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://function.mil.ru/news_page/country/more.htm?id=12259833@egNews|title=Центральный военный оркестр Минобороны России отправился в Алжир : Министерство обороны Российской Федерации}}</ref> [[Australia]], [[Austria]], [[Belgium]], [[Bulgaria]], [[Great Britain]], [[Germany]], [[Denmark]], [[Israel]], [[Italy]], [[China]], [[North Korea]], [[Mongolia]], [[Norway]] ([[Norwegian Military Tattoo]] 2002), [[Poland]], the [[U.S.]], [[France]], [[Switzerland]], and [[Sweden]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://new.amur-waves.ru/ru/participants/2012/centralnyj-voennyj-orkestr-ministerstva-oborony|title=Центральный военный оркестр Министерства обороны Российской Федерации|access-date=2017-11-18}}</ref><ref name="rferl">{{cite web|url=https://www.rferl.org/a/russia-north-korea/25439802.html|website=rferl.org|title=Russian Military Band Plays At Pyongyang  Music Ceremony|accessdatedate=30 June 2014 |access-date=2018-09-25}}</ref> Among the individuals who have been associated with the band include former [[Canadian Army]] director of music Kenneth Snoeck.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.musicforall.org/who-we-are/bios/kenneth-snoeck|title = Kenneth Snoeck}}</ref> and American performer [[Michael Jackson]].<ref>{{Cite web|date=2012-03-21|title=Концерты Майкла Джексона в Москве.|url=https://sergina.wordpress.com/%d1%81%d1%82%d0%b0%d1%82%d1%8c%d0%b8/%d0%ba%d0%bd%d0%b8%d0%b3%d0%b0-%d0%be-%d0%bc%d0%b0%d0%b9%d0%ba%d0%bb%d0%b5-%d0%b4%d0%b6%d0%b5%d0%ba%d1%81%d0%be%d0%bd%d0%b5/%d0%ba%d0%be%d0%bd%d1%86%d0%b5%d1%80%d1%82%d1%8b-%d0%bc%d0%b0%d0%b9%d0%ba%d0%bb%d0%b0-%d0%b4%d0%b6%d0%b5%d0%ba%d1%81%d0%be%d0%bd%d0%b0-%d0%b2-%d0%bc%d0%be%d1%81%d0%ba%d0%b2%d0%b5/|access-date=2021-02-12|website=Мария Сергина|language=ru-RU}}</ref> It also collaborates extensively with the Moscow & District Pipe Band.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.pipeband.ru/ |title=Home |website=pipeband.ru}}</ref> The Central Band is required to take part in the [[Days of Military Honour|Russian Honor Parade]] on Red Square on November 7. During the [[Hamina Tattoo]] in [[Finland]] in 2018, the band performed with the [[Band of the Royal Marines]] of Britain's [[Royal Navy]] where they performed songs such as ''Moscow Nights'' and ''[[Katyusha (song)|Katyusha]]''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://milportal.ru/tsentralnyj-voennyj-orkestr-minoborony-rossii-pokoril-serdtsa-finskih-zritelej/|title=Центральный военный оркестр Минобороны России покорил сердца финских зрителей|date=4 August 2018}}</ref> In February 2020, the Central Military Band staged a concert to honor the 77th anniversary of [[Battle of Stalingrad]] in the [[Volgograd]] Philarmonia.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://spasstower.ru/en/news/tsvo-dast-bolshoy-kontsert-v-chest-77-letiya-stalingradskoy-bitvy/|title=The Central Military Band Will Stage a Big Concert in Honor of the Seventy-Seventh Anniversary of the Stalingrad Battle — [EN] Spasskaya bashnya}}</ref>
▲By the time , the [[Great Patriotic War]] began, the band was in the [[Belarusian SSR]] where it was staging a series of concerts in the [[Minsk Military District]]. Where the band performed at the Narev river, one side saw the band's performance while the other saw the German [[Wehrmacht]] preparing for [[Operation Barbarossa]]. The following day the war broke out. On 25 June 1941, the band returned to Moscow, three days after the start of hostiitieshostilities.<ref> {{Cite web|url=https://spasstower.ru/en/music-and-wwii/tsvo-na-gastrolyakh-v-belorusskom-voennom-okruge/ |title = The Central Military Band on Tour at the Belarus Military District — [EN] Spasskaya bashnya}}</ref> In September of 1941, 28twenty-eight musicians from the band received an order to go to the [[Western Front (Soviet Union)|Western Front]]. A month later, the band got surrounded by the German [[3rd Panzer Army]] and [[4th Panzer Army]] near the city of [[Vyazma ]] during the [[Battle of Bryansk (1941)|Battle of Bryansk]]. Although receiving the orders to break through the enemy circle and withdraw, the transport vehicle that was meant to do so was caught in the crossfire of amultiple German motorized armed unitunits. Nine musicians died immediately, ten going missing.<ref> {{Cite web|url=https://spasstower.ru/en/music-and-wwii/komandirovka-tsentralnogo-voennogo-orkestra-na-zapadnyy-front/ |title=The Central Military Band Goes to the Western Front — [EN] Spasskaya bashnya}}</ref> Despite this setback, the band never ceased to perform over the course of the war, staging over 500 concerts and making 150 appearances on the All-Union radio. Among its activities were the ceremonies of awarding units their colors and state honors.<ref> {{Cite web|url=https://spasstower.ru/en/music-and-wwii/tsentralnyy-voennyy-orkestr-minoborony-rossii-v-gody-vov/ |title = The Central Military Band of the Russian Ministry of Defense at the Great Patriotic War — [EN] Spasskaya bashnya}}</ref>
== Directors of Music ==
* Major General [[Semyon Tchernetsky]] (1924–1949)<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=http://structure.mil.ru/structure/ministry_of_defence/details.htm?id=11362@egOrganization|title=Военно-оркестровая служба Вооруженных Сил Российской Федерации : Министерство обороны Российской Федерации|website=structure.mil.ru|access-date=2017-04-29}}</ref>
* Major General Ivan Petrov (1950–1958)<ref name=":1" />
* Major General [[Nikolai Nazarov]] (1958–1976)<ref name=":1" />{{sfn|Аксенов Е. С.|2005|с=460}}{{sfn|Рунов Б. М.|1978|c=275}}
* Major General [[Nikolay Mikhaylov (conductor)|Nikolai Mikhailov]] (1976–1993)<ref name=":1" />
* Lieutenant General [[Viktor Afanasyev (military musician)|Viktor Afanasyev]] (1993–2002)<ref name=":1" />
* Lieutenant General [[Valery Khalilov]] (2002-20102002–2010)<ref name=":1" />
* Colonel Sergey Durygin (2010–''Present''2010–present)
===Bandmasters<ref>https://milcult.ru/content/tsentralnuy-voennuy-orkestr</ref>===
* B. Miller (?)
* P. Zabezhansky (?)
* N. Matukhnenko (?)
* I. Mironovich (?-1951–1951)
* Nikolai Sergeev (1951-19771951–1977)<ref>[http://enc-dic.com/enc_music/Sergeev-N-P-6504.html Музыкальная энциклопедия]</ref>
* A. Maltsev (1977-19851977–1985)
* Anatoly Mukhamedzhan (born Khamis Kharisovich) (1985-19941985–1994){{cncitation needed|date=December 2019}}
* A. Pestov (1994-1994–?)
* V. Rusin (?-2003–2003)
* Colonel Andrey Kolotushkin (2003-20102003–2010)<ref>{{cite web |url=https://mosoblfil.ru/o-filarmonii/rucovod/andrey-kolotushkin.html |title=Андрей Алексеевич Колотушкин |website=mosoblfil.ru |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171010022926/http://mosoblfil.ru/o-filarmonii/rucovod/andrey-kolotushkin.html |archive-date=2017-10-10}}</ref>
* Colonel Sergey Durygin (2010–''Present''2010–present)
<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://milcult.ru/content/tsentralnuy-voennuy-orkestr|title=Центральный военный оркестр Министерства обороны Российской Федерации|date=2 May 2011}}</ref>
==Notable members==
*Ivan[[Lev OlenchikMikhailov]], clarinetist and [[pedagogue]]saxophonist
*[[Lev Mikhailov]], clarinetist and saxaphonist
*Stepan Andrusenko, Russian composer
*Igor Lavrov, pianist and professor residing in [[Venezuela]]
*Rafael Bagdasaryan, Soviet-Armenian professor and musician
==Recordings==
* [[Military Band Service of the Armed Forces of Russia]]
* [[Special Exemplary Military Band of the Guard of Honor Battalion of Russia]]
* [https://m.youtube.com/user/redarmyband Red Army Band] on YouTube ▼
== References ==
{{Reflist}}
▲* [https://m.youtube.com/user/redarmyband Red Army Band] on YouTube
{{Military Band Service of the Armed Forces of Russia}}
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