Stevenson Archer (February 28, 1827 – August 2, 1898) was an American politician. An U.S. Congressman from Maryland, he served in the second district for four terms from 1867 to 1875. He served in the Maryland House of Delegates and as Treasurer of Maryland. He was a slave owner.[1]
Stevenson Archer | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Treasurer of Maryland | |
| In office 1886–1890 | |
| Governor | Henry Lloyd Elihu Emory Jackson |
| Preceded by | John S. Gittings |
| Succeeded by | Edwin Brown |
| Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Maryland's 2nd district | |
| In office March 4, 1867 – March 3, 1875 | |
| Preceded by | John Lewis Thomas Jr. |
| Succeeded by | Charles Boyle Roberts |
| Constituency | 2nd district |
| In office 1854–1854 Serving with William M. Elliott and George Stephenson | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | February 28, 1827 Harford County, Maryland, U.S. |
| Died | August 2, 1898 (aged 71) Baltimore, Maryland, U.S. |
| Resting place | Churchville Presbyterian Church Churchville, Maryland, U.S. |
| Political party | |
| Spouse |
Blanche Franklin (m. 1855) |
| Children | 5 |
| Parent |
|
| Relatives |
|
| Alma mater | Princeton College |
| Occupation |
|
Early life
editStevenson Archer was born at Medical Hall, Harford County, Maryland, near Churchville, on February 28, 1827, to Pamelia B. (née Hays) and Stevenson Archer.[2][3][4] Archer's father and grandfather, John Archer, were both Congressmen from Maryland.[5][4] His sister, Pamelia H. Archer, was the mother of George Earle Chamberlain, the 11th Governor of Oregon and a two term United States Senator.[5]
Archer attended Bel Air Academy, later graduating from Princeton College in 1848. He studied law at the office of Otho Scott in Bel Air, and was admitted to the bar in 1850, commencing practice the same year.[2][3]
Career
editIn 1851, Archer formed a partnership with Edwin Hanson Webster.[3] In 1853, he was elected as a Whig to the Maryland House of Delegates.[2][3][6]
In 1866, he was elected as a Democrat to the Fortieth and to the three succeeding Congresses, serving from March 4, 1867, until March 3, 1875. He was an unsuccessful candidate for renomination in 1874.[2][3] In 1867, Archer was appointed as judge for a term on the Cecil County court.[3]
Archer succeeded John S. Gittings as Treasurer of Maryland in 1886.[3] In 1890, he was accused of embezzling $132,000 in state funds. The investigation found he had kept railroad bonds for personal use. He pleaded guilty to malfeasance and was sentenced to five years in the Maryland Penitentiary.[4][7][8][9] In May 1894, Governor Frank Brown pardoned him.[3][9] Archer continued the practice of law in Bel Air until his death.[2]
Personal life
editArcher married Blanche Franklin of Sumner County, Tennessee in 1855.[4][10] She was also known as Jane Cage Franklin.[4] Together, they had five children.[4][11]
Archer's family lived at Hazell Dell near Bel Air.[4]
Later life and death
editArcher suffered from kidney ailments since 1893. After leaving prison in May 1894, he was hospitalized.[3] Archer died from Bright's disease on August 2, 1898, at the City Hospital in Baltimore.[2][11] He is interred in the Churchville Presbyterian Church cemetery.[2][9]
Footnotes
edit- ^ "Congress slaveowners", The Washington Post, January 13, 2022, retrieved January 15, 2022
- ^ a b c d e f g "ARCHER, Stevenson". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved September 13, 2021.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i "Mr. Archer Dying". The Baltimore Sun. August 2, 1898. p. 10. Retrieved August 13, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ a b c d e f g "STEVENSON ARCHER, 1828-1898". Maryland State Archives. Retrieved September 13, 2021.
- ^ a b Portrait and Biographical Record of the Willamette Valley, Oregon: Containing Original Sketches of Many Well Known Citizens of the Past and Present. In two parts. Chicago, IL: Chapman Publishing Co., 1903; part 1, p. 37.
- ^ "Historical List, House of Delegates, Harford County (1790-1974)". Maryland Manual On-Line. Maryland State Archives. April 30, 1999. Retrieved March 19, 2023.
- ^ [1] | MR. ARCHER UNDER ARREST; MARYLAND'S EX-STATE TREASURER GUILTY OF MALFEASANCE IN OFFICE | APRIL 11, 1890 | [2]
- ^ Long, Kim (December 18, 2008). The Almanac of Political Corruption, Scandals, and Dirty Politics. ISBN 9780307481344.
- ^ a b c Erika Quesenbery Sturgill (October 11, 2014). "A tale of three Archers: How a Harford family rose & fell". Cecil Daily. Retrieved September 13, 2021.
- ^ "Blanche F. Archer Dead". The Baltimore Sun. February 18, 1919. p. 8. Retrieved September 13, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ a b "Stevenson Archer Dead". The Baltimore Sun. August 3, 1898. p. 10. Retrieved September 13, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
This article incorporates public domain material from the Biographical Directory of the United States Congress
External links
edit- United States Congress. "Stevenson Archer (id: A000274)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress.
Johnson, Rossiter, ed. (1906). "Archer, Stevenson". The Biographical Dictionary of America. Vol. 1. Boston: American Biographical Society. p. 134.
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