Saw Maung (Burmese: စောမောင်; pronounced [sɔ́ màʊɰ̃]; 5 December 1928 – 24 July 1997) was a Burmese military leader and statesman who served as Chairman of the State Law and Order Restoration Council (SLORC) and Prime Minister of Burma from 1988 until 1992, when he was deposed by rival generals who disapproved Saw Maung decisions that were in favor of Aung San Suu Kyi. Beside this, he was the 8th Commander-in-Chief of the Tatmadaw. He is the first one to get the rank of Senior General which was created for him in 1990.
Saw Maung | |
|---|---|
စောမောင် | |
| Chairman of the State Law and Order Restoration Council | |
| In office 18 September 1988 – 23 April 1992 | |
| Deputy | Than Shwe |
| Preceded by | Maung Maung (as President) |
| Succeeded by | Than Shwe |
| Prime Minister of Burma | |
| In office 21 September 1988 – 23 April 1992 | |
| Preceded by | Tun Tin |
| Succeeded by | Than Shwe |
| Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces of Myanmar | |
| In office 4 November 1985 – 23 April 1992 | |
| Deputy | Than Shwe |
| Preceded by | Kyaw Htin |
| Succeeded by | Than Shwe |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 5 December 1928 Mandalay, Upper Burma, British India |
| Died | 24 July 1997 (aged 68) Yangon, Myanmar |
| Nationality | Burmese |
| Political party | BSPP (until 1988) SLORC |
| Spouse | Aye Yee |
| Children | Thiha Saw Kay Thi Saw Thura Saw |
| Residence | Yangon |
| Awards | Alinkar Kyawswar |
| Military service | |
| Allegiance |  Myanmar |
| Branch/service |  Myanmar Army |
| Years of service | 1945–1992 |
| Rank |  Senior General |
Early life and career
editHe was born on 5 December 1928 in Mandalay, British Burma. Saw Maung joined the army in 1945, three years before the country gained independence from Britain, and received a commission in 1952. From 1974 to 1976, he fought against communist insurgents and ethnic rebels along the border with Thailand. In 1976, he became a brigadier general, and in 1981 an adjutant-general. He became armed forces commander in 1983.
Saw Maung was army chief of staff and defence minister in the brief government of Sein Lwin and became chairman of the junta when the army staged its coup in 1988 after the 8888 Uprising. He was an effective ruler of the country as head of the State Law and Order Restoration Council (SLORC). He also held the posts of prime minister and minister of foreign affairs. As a high-ranking member of the Burma Socialist Programme Party (BSPP), he provided continuity of leadership during a succession of short-lived predecessors that followed the toppling of Ne Win earlier in 1988.
Chairman of SLORC
editSaw Maung assumed responsibility as chairman of the newly formed SLORC on 18 September 1988, replacing the BSPP and promised multi-party elections to follow soon. He publicly stated that he would hand over power to the winning party and would have the army return to the barracks; where in his own words they "rightfully belonged". This proved to be too much for hardliners in the military and loyalists of Ne Win. SLORC held free elections in 1990. The 1990 parliamentary elections were won by the National League for Democracy (NLD) led by Aung San Suu Kyi. Saw Maung was willing to hand the power to the civilian government; however, other generals representing the hardline faction of the SLORC did not agree to this, and successfully prohibited Saw Maung from respecting the results. At this point he lost control of the military junta, and acted as a figurehead.
Saw Maung resigned as chairman of SLORC in April 1992. According to the junta this was for health reasons.[1][2] However, this was the result of Saw Maung being sedated, isolated and quietly removed from power in a palace coup, after which it was widely reported that Saw Maung's mental health was rapidly deteriorating, and that he believed himself to be the reincarnation of an 11th-century warrior-king. [3] His departure however was orchestrated by Than Shwe and Maung Aye, who used Saw Maung's weakness as an opportunity to seize power and preserve the hardline profile of the junta.
Saw Maung nextly lived in quiet retirement with his mental fantasies, making him unable to take decisions. He subsequently died on 24 July 1997 due to a heart attack.[4]
Family and personal life
editHe married Daw Aye Yee who died on 25 December 2004. He is succeeded by his three children; two sons and a daughter, and three grandchildren.
Saw Maung was also a golfer and a devout Buddhist.
References
edit- ^ Wheeler, Ned (28 July 1997). "Obituary: General Saw Maung". The Independent. London.
- ^ "Going for the Green". Archived from the original on 3 August 2010. Retrieved 2 July 2010.
- ^ "Saw Maung Is Dead at 68; Led a Brutal Burmese Coup". The New York Times. 27 July 1997.
- ^ "Heroes and Villains". The Irrawaddy March 2007. Archived from the original on 4 October 2010. Retrieved 26 November 2008.