This is a compendium of poisonous fungi. See also mushroom poisoning.
List of toxic mushroom species
editThere are 119 poisonous fungus species listed below.
List of suspicious mushroom species
edit| Scientific name | Common name | Distribution | Picture |
|---|---|---|---|
| Agrocybe arenicola | Europe | ||
| Amanita albocreata | Ringless panther | North America | |
| Amanita altipes | Yellow long-stem Amanita | China | |
| Amanita breckonii | North America | ||
| Amanita ceciliae | Snakeskin grisette | North America and Europe | |
| Amanita eliae | Fries's Amanita | Europe and North Africa | |
| Amanita flavoconia | Yellow-dust Amanita | North America | |
| Amanita frostiana | Frost's Amanita | North America | |
| Amanita nehuta | Mahori dust Amanita | New Zealand | |
| Amanita parcivolvata | Ringless False Fly Amanita | America | |
| Amanita parvipantherina | Asian Small Panther Amanita | China | |
| Amanita petalinivolva | South America | ||
| Amanita roseotincta | North America | ||
| Amanita rubrovolvata | Red volva Amanita | Asia | |
| Amanita subfrostiana | False Frost's Amanita | China | |
| Amanita velatipes | Veiled-Bulb Amanita | North America | |
| Amanita viscidolutea | South America | ||
| Amanita wellsii | Wells's Amanita | North America | |
| Amanita xanthocephala | Vermilion grisette | Australia | |
| Armillaria mellea[43] | Honey fungus | North America, Europe, Northern Asia and Australia | |
| Calocera viscosa | Yellow stagshorn | North America, Europe and Asia | |
| Chlorophyllum brunneum | Shaggy parasol | North America, Europe, Australia and Southern Africa | |
| Choiromyces venosus | Europe | ||
| Clitocybe fragrans | Europe | ||
| Clitocybe nebularis | Clouded agaric | North America and Europe | |
| Conocybe subovalis | Europe | ||
| Coprinellus micaceus | Mica cap | worldwide | |
| Lactarius chrysorrheus | Yellowdrop milkcap | North America, Europe and North Africa | |
| Lactarius helvus | Fenugreek milkcap | Europe and Asia | |
| Lepiota cristata | Stinking dapperling | North America, Europe, Northern Africa, Northern Asia and New Zealand | |
| Marasmius collinus | Europe | ||
| Russula olivacea[43] | North America, Europe and Asia | ||
| Russula viscida | Europe | ||
| Schizophyllum commune | worldwide | ||
| Stropharia aeruginosa[citation needed] | Verdigris agaric | North America and Europe | |
| Suillus granulatus[43] | Weeping bolete | worldwide | |
| Tricholoma sulphureum | Gas agaric | Europe and North America |
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ a b Ko¨ppel, C. (December 1993). "Clinical symptomatology and management of mushroom poisoning". Toxicon. 31 (12): 1513–1540. doi:10.1016/0041-0101(93)90337-I. PMID 8146866.
- ^ Wood, William F; Watson, Richard L; Largent, David L (October 1998). "Phenol, the odour compound from Agaricus praeclaresquamosus". Biochemical Systematics and Ecology. 26 (7): 793–794. Bibcode:1998BioSE..26..793W. doi:10.1016/S0305-1978(98)00058-1.
- ^ Gonmori, Kunio; Fujita, Hiroki; Yokoyama, Kazumasa; Watanabe, Kanako; Suzuki, Osamu (July 2011). "Mushroom toxins: a forensic toxicological review". Forensic Toxicology. 29 (2): 85–94. doi:10.1007/s11419-011-0115-4. ISSN 1860-8965. S2CID 44060144.
- ^ Gill, Melvyn; Strauch, Richard J. (1984-12-01). "Constituents of Agaricus xanthodermus Genevier: The First Naturally Endogenous Azo Compound and Toxic Phenolic Metabolites". Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C. 39 (11–12): 1027–1029. doi:10.1515/znc-1984-11-1203. ISSN 1865-7125. PMID 6543409. S2CID 23869187.
- ^ Bös, Dr. B. "Karbolegerling (Agaricus xanthoderma) im GIFTPFLANZEN.COMpendium - www.giftpflanzen.com". giftpflanzen.com. Retrieved 2017-12-09.
- ^ a b c d e f g Kirchmair, M.; Carrilho, P.; Pfab, R.; Haberl, B.; Felgueiras, J.; Carvalho, F.; Cardoso, J.; Melo, I.; Vinhas, J. (2012-04-01). "Amanita poisonings resulting in acute, reversible renal failure: new cases, new toxic Amanita mushrooms". Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation. 27 (4): 1380–1386. doi:10.1093/ndt/gfr511. ISSN 0931-0509. PMID 21965588.
- ^ a b Siegel, Noah (2016). Mushrooms of the redwood coast : a comprehensive guide to the fungi of coastal northern California. Schwarz, Christian, 1988- (First ed.). Berkeley. ISBN 9781607748175. OCLC 914339418.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ a b c d "How to Identify Wild Mushrooms in North Carolina". Sciencing. Retrieved 2023-04-06.
- ^ Bös, Dr. B. "Gelber Knollenblätterpilz (Amanita citrina) im GIFTPFLANZEN.COMpendium - www.giftpflanzen.com". giftpflanzen.com. Retrieved 2017-12-09.
- ^ Drehmel, Dennis C.; Chilton, William Scott (2002-02-01). "Characterization and Toxicity of Amanita cokeri Extract". Journal of Chemical Ecology. 28 (2): 333–341. doi:10.1023/A:1017986108720. ISSN 0098-0331. PMID 11925071. S2CID 7986407.
- ^ a b c Chilton, WS; Ott, J (1976). "Toxic metabolites of Amanita pantherina, A. cothurnata, A. muscaria, and other Amanita species". Lloydia. 39 (2–3): 150–7. ISSN 0024-5461. PMID 985999.
- ^ Bioactive compounds in foods. Gilbert, John., Senyuva, Hamide Z., Wiley InterScience (Online service). Oxford: Blackwell Pub. 2008. ISBN 9781405158756. OCLC 352827711.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link) - ^ "Mycodb.fr - Fiche de Amanita ibotengutake". mycodb.fr. Retrieved 2017-12-09.
- ^ Andreas., Bresinsky (1990). A colour atlas of poisonous fungi : a handbook for pharmacists, doctors, and biologists. Besl, Helmut. London, England: Wolfe Pub. ISBN 978-0723415763. OCLC 22547396.
- ^ "Clathrus ruber: The Ultimate Mushroom Guide". Mushroom Identification - Ultimate Mushroom Library. Retrieved 2023-04-06.
- ^ a b Genest, K.; Hughes, D. W.; Rice, W. B. (1968-02-01). "Muscarine in Clitocybe species". Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. 57 (2): 331–333. doi:10.1002/jps.2600570223. ISSN 1520-6017. PMID 5689206.
- ^ "CAB Direct". www.cabdirect.org. Retrieved 2017-12-09.
- ^ Bös, Dr. B. "Faltentintling (Coprinus atramentarius) im GIFTPFLANZEN.COMpendium - www.giftpflanzen.com". giftpflanzen.com. Retrieved 2017-12-09.
- ^ a b Andary, Claude; Privat, Guy; Bourrier, Marie-Jo (1985). "Variations of Monomethylhydrazine Content in Gyromitra esculenta". Mycologia. 77 (2): 259–264. doi:10.2307/3793077. JSTOR 3793077.
- ^ Kraft, Jeanette; Bauer, Siefgfried; Keilhoff, Gerburg; Miersch, Jürgen; Wend, Detlef; Riemann, Dagmar; Hirschelmann, Rolf; Holzhausen, Hans-Jürgen; Langner, Jürgen (1998-12-01). "Biological effects of the dihydroorotate dehydrogenase inhibitor polyporic acid, a toxic constituent of the mushroom Hapalopilus rutilans, in rats and humans". Archives of Toxicology. 72 (11): 711–721. doi:10.1007/s002040050565. ISSN 0340-5761. PMID 9879809. S2CID 41488737.
- ^ Bös, Dr. B. "Grünblättriger Schwefelkopf (Hypholoma fasciculare) im GIFTPFLANZEN.COMpendium - www.giftpflanzen.com". giftpflanzen.com. Retrieved 2017-12-09.
- ^ De Bernardi, Maria; Mellerio, Giorgio; Vidari, Giovanni; Vita-Finzi, Paola; Fronza, Giovanni; Kocòr, Marian; St. Pyrek, Jan (May 1981). "Fungal Metabolites. IX. Triterpenes From Naematoloma sublateritium". Journal of Natural Products. 44 (3): 351–356. doi:10.1021/np50015a020. ISSN 0163-3864.
- ^ a b Lurie, Yael; Wasser, Solomon P.; Taha, Muhammad; Shehade, Haj; Nijim, Josef; Hoffmann, Yoav; Basis, Fuad; Vardi, Moshe; Lavon, Ophir (2009-07-01). "Mushroom poisoning from species of genus Inocybe (fiber head mushroom): a case series with exact species identification". Clinical Toxicology. 47 (6): 562–565. doi:10.1080/15563650903008448. ISSN 1556-3650. PMID 19566380. S2CID 205902282.
- ^ "Mycena pelianthina: The Ultimate Mushroom Guide". Mushroom Identification - Ultimate Mushroom Library. Retrieved 2023-04-06.
- ^ Becker, U.; Erkel, G.; Anke, T.; Sterner, O. (1997-01-01). "Puraquinonic Acid, a Novel Inducer of Differentiation of Human HL-60 Promyelocytic Leukemia Cells from Mycena pura (Pers. Ex Fr.)". Natural Product Letters. 9 (3): 229–236. doi:10.1080/10575639708048319. ISSN 1057-5634.
- ^ Nordiska., Ministerrådet (2009). Occurrence and use of hallucinogenic mushrooms containing psilocybin alkaloids. Copenhagen: Nordiska ministerrådets förlag. ISBN 9789289318365. OCLC 923312437.
- ^ Bös, Dr. B. "Spitzkegeliger Kahlkopf (Psilocybe semilanceata) im GIFTPFLANZEN.COMpendium - www.giftpflanzen.com". giftpflanzen.com. Retrieved 2017-12-09.
- ^ Clark, Ernest D.; Smith, Clayton S. (1913). "Toxicological Studies on the Mushrooms Clitocybe Illudens and Inocybe Infida". Mycologia. 5 (4): 224–232. doi:10.2307/3753387. JSTOR 3753387.
- ^ Tanaka, K.; Inoue, T.; Kadota, S.; Kikuchi, T. (1990-01-01). "Metabolism of illudin S, a toxic principle of Lampteromyces japonicus, by rat liver. I. Isolation and identification of cyclopropane ring-cleavage metabolites". Xenobiotica. 20 (7): 671–681. doi:10.3109/00498259009046883. ISSN 0049-8254. PMID 2238702.
- ^ Tanaka, K.; Inoue, T.; Kadota, S.; Kikuchi, T. (1992-01-01). "Metabolism by rat liver cytosol of illudin S, a toxic substance of Lampteromyces japonicus. II. Characterization of illudin S-metabolizing enzyme". Xenobiotica. 22 (1): 33–39. doi:10.3109/00498259209053100. ISSN 0049-8254. PMID 1377439.
- ^ Tanaka, K.; Inoue, T.; Tezuka, Y.; Kikuchi, T. (1996-01-01). "Metabolism of illudin S, a toxic substance of Lampteromyces japonicus: urinary excretion of mercapturic acids in rat". Xenobiotica. 26 (3): 347–354. doi:10.3109/00498259609046713. ISSN 0049-8254. PMID 8730925.
- ^ Burgess, Maree L.; Barrow, Kevin D. (1999-01-01). "Biosynthesis of illudosin, a fomannosane-type sesquiterpene, by the Basidiomycete Omphalotus nidiformis". Journal of the Chemical Society, Perkin Transactions 1 (17): 2461–2466. doi:10.1039/A904097H. ISSN 1364-5463.
- ^ Mycologia. 109 (3).
{{cite journal}}: Missing or empty|title=(help) - ^ "Omphalotus - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics". www.sciencedirect.com. Retrieved 2023-04-06.
- ^ R., Benjamin, Denis (1995). Mushrooms : poisons and panaceas : a handbook for naturalists, mycologists, and physicians. New York: W.H. Freeman. ISBN 978-0716726005. OCLC 31708814.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Hallen, Heather E; Watling, Roy; Adams, Gerard C (2003-08-01). "Taxonomy and toxicity of Conocybe lactea and related species". Mycological Research. 107 (8): 969–979. doi:10.1017/S0953756203008190. ISSN 0953-7562. PMID 14531619.
- ^ Licastro, F; Morini, MC; Kretz, O; Dirheimer, G; Creppy, EE; Stirpe, F (1 May 1993). "Mitogenic activity and immunological properties of bolesatine, a lectin isolated from the mushroom Boletus satanas Lenz". The International Journal of Biochemistry. 25 (5): 789–92. doi:10.1016/0020-711X(93)90366-M. ISSN 0020-711X. PMID 8349019.
- ^ Handbook of mushroom poisoning : diagnosis and treatment. Spoerke, David G., Rumack, Barry H., 1942-. Boca Raton: CRC Press. 1994. ISBN 9780849301940. OCLC 29913834.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link) - ^ Kobata, Kenji; Kano, Satoshi; Shibata, Hisao (1995-01-01). "New Lactarane Sesquiterpenoid from the Fungus Russula emetica". Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry. 59 (2): 316–318. doi:10.1271/bbb.59.316. ISSN 0916-8451.
- ^ Guillaume, Péan. "MycoDB : Fiche de Tricholoma muscarium". mycodb.fr. Retrieved 2017-12-09.
- ^ Pinto, Andrea; Conti, Paola; Amici, Marco De; Tamborini, Lucia; Madsen, Ulf; Nielsen, Birgitte; Christesen, Thomas; Bräuner-Osborne, Hans; Micheli, Carlo De (2008-04-01). "Synthesis and Pharmacological Characterization at Glutamate Receptors of the Four Enantiopure Isomers of Tricholomic Acid". Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. 51 (7): 2311–2315. doi:10.1021/jm701394a. ISSN 0022-2623. PMID 18338843.
- ^ a b Henry, E.D.; Sullivan, G. (1969-12-01). "Phytochemical Evaluation of Some Cantharelloid Fungi". Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. 58 (12): 1497–1500. doi:10.1002/jps.2600581216. ISSN 0022-3549. PMID 5353267.
- ^ a b c Avis de l'Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail relatif à l'évaluation des risques liés à la consommation des champignons dénommés Suillus granulatus, Russula olivacea et Armillaria mellea (in French). Maisons-Alfort. 29 July 2015.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
External links
editMedia related to Poisonous fungi at Wikimedia Commons