The 2003 Tour de France was a multiple stage bicycle race held from 5 to 27 July, and the 90th edition of the Tour de France. It has no overall winner—although American cyclist Lance Armstrong originally won the event, the United States Anti-Doping Agency announced in August 2012 that they had disqualified Armstrong from all his results since 1998, including his seven Tour de France wins from 1999 to 2005; the Union Cycliste Internationale has confirmed this verdict.
 Route of the 2003 Tour de France | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Race details | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dates | 5–27 July 2003 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stages | 20 + Prologue | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Distance | 3,427 km (2,129 mi) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Winning time | 83h 41' 12" | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Results | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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The event started and ended in Paris, covering 3,427 km (2,129 mi) proceeding clockwise in twenty stages around France, including six major mountain stages. Due to the centennial celebration, this edition of the tour was raced entirely in France and did not enter neighboring countries.
In the centenary year of the race the route recreated, in part, that of 1903. There was a special Centenaire Classement prize for the best-placed in each of the six stage finishes which match the 1903 tour – Lyon, Marseille, Toulouse, Bordeaux, Nantes and Paris. It was won by Stuart O'Grady, with Thor Hushovd in second place. The 2003 Tour was honored with the Prince of Asturias Award for Sport.
Of the 198 riders the favourite was again Armstrong, aiming for a record equalling fifth win. Before the race, it was believed that his main rivals would include Iban Mayo, Aitor González, Tyler Hamilton, Ivan Basso, Gilberto Simoni, Jan Ullrich, and Joseba Beloki but Armstrong was the odds-on favourite. Though he did go on to win the race, it is statistically, and by Armstrong's own admission,[3] his weakest Tour from his seven-year period of dominance over the race.
Teams
editThe team selection was done in three rounds: in November 2002, the fourteen highest-ranking Union Cycliste Internationale (UCI) teams would automatically qualify; four wildcard invitations were given in January 2003, and four more in mid-May.[4] The race started with 22 teams of 9 cyclists.[5]
The teams entering the race were:[6]
Qualified teams
Invited teams
Pre-race favourites
editSome notable cyclists excluded from the race were Mario Cipollini and Marco Pantani, whose teams De Nardi–Colpack and Mercatone Uno–Scanavino were not selected.[7] Especially the absence of Cipollini, the reigning world champion, came as a surprise. The Tour organisation gave the reason that Cipollini had never been able to finish the race.[8]
In the first round, the Coast team had been selected to compete, and in January 2003 they signed Jan Ullrich. Financial problems then almost prevented the team from starting, but after Bianchi stepped in as a new sponsor, Team Bianchi was allowed to take the place of Team Coast.
Route and stages
editThe highest point of elevation in the race was 2,642 m (8,668 ft) at the summit of the Col du Galibier mountain pass on stage 8.[9]
| Stage | Date | Course | Distance | Type | Winner | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| P | 5 July | Paris | 6.5 km (4.0 mi) | Individual time trial | ||
| 1 | 6 July | Saint-Denis to Meaux | 168.0 km (104.4 mi) | Flat stage | ||
| 2 | 7 July | La Ferté-sous-Jouarre to Sedan | 204.5 km (127.1 mi) | Flat stage | ||
| 3 | 8 July | Charleville-Mézières to Saint-Dizier | 167.5 km (104.1 mi) | Flat stage | ||
| 4 | 9 July | Joinville to Saint-Dizier | 69.0 km (42.9 mi) | Team time trial | ||
| 5 | 10 July | Troyes to Nevers | 196.5 km (122.1 mi) | Flat stage | ||
| 6 | 11 July | Nevers to Lyon | 230.0 km (142.9 mi) | Flat stage | ||
| 7 | 12 July | Lyon to Morzine | 230.5 km (143.2 mi) | Mountain Stage (s) | ||
| 8 | 13 July | Sallanches to Alpe d'Huez | 219.0 km (136.1 mi) | Mountain Stage (s) | ||
| 9 | 14 July | Le Bourg-d'Oisans to Gap | 184.5 km (114.6 mi) | Mountain Stage (s) | ||
| 10 | 15 July | Gap to Marseille | 219.5 km (136.4 mi) | Flat stage | ||
| 16 July | Narbonne | Rest day | ||||
| 11 | 17 July | Narbonne to Toulouse | 153.5 km (95.4 mi) | Flat stage | ||
| 12 | 18 July | Gaillac to Cap Découverte | 47.0 km (29.2 mi) | Individual time trial | ||
| 13 | 19 July | Toulouse to Ax 3 Domaines | 197.5 km (122.7 mi) | Mountain Stage (s) | ||
| 14 | 20 July | Saint-Girons to Loudenvielle | 191.5 km (119.0 mi) | Mountain Stage (s) | ||
| 15 | 21 July | Bagnères-de-Bigorre to Luz Ardiden | 159.5 km (99.1 mi) | Mountain Stage (s) | ||
| 22 July | Pau | Rest day | ||||
| 16 | 23 July | Pau to Bayonne | 197.5 km (122.7 mi) | Hilly stage | ||
| 17 | 24 July | Dax to Bordeaux | 181.0 km (112.5 mi) | Flat stage | ||
| 18 | 25 July | Bordeaux to Saint-Maixent-l'École | 203.5 km (126.4 mi) | Flat stage | ||
| 19 | 26 July | Pornic to Nantes | 49.0 km (30.4 mi) | Individual time trial | ||
| 20 | 27 July | Ville-d'Avray to Paris (Champs-Élysées) | 152.0 km (94.4 mi) | Flat stage | ||
| Total | 3,427 km (2,129 mi)[14] | |||||
Race overview
editThis section needs expansion with: Full overview of the rest of the race and more references. You can help by adding to it. (October 2017) |
The Tour proved to be one more hotly contested than the previous years. Tyler Hamilton and Levi Leipheimer were involved in a crash early in the Tour. Leipheimer dropped out, Hamilton continued and got fourth place in the end while riding with a broken collarbone.
In the Alps, Gilberto Simoni and Stefano Garzelli, first and second in the Giro d'Italia earlier the same year, could not keep up with Lance Armstrong and the other favourites. The same held for last year's number 4, Santiago Botero. Joseba Beloki could, and was in second-place overall (just 40 seconds behind Armstrong) when he crashed on a fast descent from the Cote de La Rochette, shortly after passing the Col de Manse into Gap.[15] The crash was a result of a locked brake, caused by a lack of traction from melting tar on the road, which led to the tyre coming off the rim.[16] Beloki broke his right femur, elbow and wrist, and had to leave the Tour.[17] Armstrong made a detour through the field beside the road to avoid the fallen Beloki. Armstrong was in yellow, but Jan Ullrich won the first time trial by one minute and 36 seconds. He and Alexander Vinokourov were both within very short distance from Armstrong.[18]
Doping
editSubsequent to Armstrong's statement to withdraw his fight against United States Anti-Doping Agency's (USADA) charges, on 24 August 2012, the USADA said it would ban Armstrong for life and stripped him of his record seven Tour de France titles.[19][20] Later that day it was confirmed in a USADA statement that Armstrong was banned for life and would be disqualified from any and all competitive results obtained on and subsequent to 1 August 1998, including forfeiture of any medals, titles, winnings, finishes, points and prizes.[1] On 22 October 2012, the Union Cycliste Internationale endorsed the USADA sanctions, and decided not to award victories to any other rider or upgrade other placings in any of the affected events.[2]
Classification leadership and minor prizes
editThere were four main individual classifications contested in the 2003 Tour de France, as well as a team competition. The most important was the general classification, which was calculated by adding each rider's finishing times on each stage.[21] There were time bonuses given at the end of each mass start stage.[22] If a crash had happened within the final 1 km (0.6 mi) of a stage, not including time trials and summit finishes, the riders involved would have received the same time as the group they were in when the crash occurred.[23] The rider with the lowest cumulative time was the winner of the general classification and was considered the overall winner of the Tour. The rider leading the classification wore a yellow jersey.[24]
The second classification was the points classification. Riders received points for finishing in the highest positions in a stage finish, or in intermediate sprints during the stage. The points available for each stage finish were determined by the stage's type.[25] The leader was identified by a green jersey.[24]
The third classification was the mountains classification. Most stages of the race included one or more categorised climbs, in which points were awarded to the riders that reached the summit first. The climbs were categorised as fourth-, third-, second- or first-category and hors catégorie, with the more difficult climbs rated lower.[25] The leader wore a white jersey with red polka dots.[24]
The final individual classification was the young rider classification. This was calculated the same way as the general classification, but the classification was restricted to riders who were born on or after 1 January 1977.[25] The leader wore a white jersey.[24]
The final classification was a team classification. This was calculated using the finishing times of the best three riders per team on each stage; the leading team was the team with the lowest cumulative time.[25]
There was special classification, the Centenaire, which combined times of riders across the six stages involving cities visited during 1903 Tour. The cities were: Lyon, on stage 6; Marseille, on stage 10; Toulouse, on stage 11; Bordeaux, on stage 17; Nantes, on stage 19; and Paris, on stage 20.[22]
In addition, there was a combativity award given after each mass start stage to the rider considered, by a jury, to have "shown the greatest effort and demonstrated the greatest sporting spirit".[26] The winner wore a red number bib the following stage.[24] At the conclusion of the Tour, Alexander Vinokourov (Team Telekom) won the overall super-combativity award.[27]
There were also two special awards each with a prize of €5000, the Souvenir Henri Desgrange, given in honour of Tour founder and first race director Henri Desgrange to the first rider to pass the summit of the Col du Galibier on stage 8, and the Souvenir Jacques Goddet, given in honour of the second director Jacques Goddet to the first rider to pass the summit of the Col du Tourmalet on stage 15.[28] Stefano Garzelli won the Henri Desgrange and Sylvain Chavanel won the Jacques Goddet.[29][30]
- In stage 1, David Millar wore the green jersey.
- In stage 8, Rolf Aldag wore the polka-dot jersey.
Final standings
edit| Legend | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Denotes the leader of the points classification | Denotes the leader of the mountains classification | ||
| Denotes the leader of the young rider classification | Denotes the winner of the super-combativity award | ||
General classification
edit| Rank | Rider | Team | Time |
|---|---|---|---|
| DSQ | |||
| 2 | Team Bianchi | + 1' 01" | |
| 3 | Team Telekom | + 4' 14" | |
| 4 | Team CSC | + 6' 17" | |
| 5 | Euskaltel–Euskadi | + 6' 51" | |
| 6 | Euskaltel–Euskadi | + 7' 06" | |
| 7 | Fassa Bortolo | + 10' 12" | |
| 8 | Crédit Agricole | + 12' 28" | |
| 9 | Team CSC | + 18' 49" | |
| 10 | iBanesto.com | + 19' 15" |
Points classification
edit| Rank | Rider | Team | Points |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | FDJeux.com | 216 | |
| 2 | Lotto–Domo | 214 | |
| 3 | Team Telekom | 188 | |
| 4 | Crédit Agricole | 173 | |
| 5 | Quick-Step–Davitamon | 156 | |
| 6 | Jean Delatour | 154 | |
| 7 | Crédit Agricole | 153 | |
| 8 | Team Bianchi | 122 | |
| 9 | Team Bianchi | 112 | |
| 10 | Brioches La Boulangère | 107 |
Mountains classification
edit| Rank | Rider | Team | Points |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Quick-Step–Davitamon | 324 | |
| 2 | Alessio | 187 | |
| 3 | |||
| 4 | Crédit Agricole | 137 | |
| 5 | iBanesto.com | 136 | |
| 6 | Euskaltel–Euskadi | 130 | |
| 7 | Euskaltel–Euskadi | 125 | |
| 8 | Team Bianchi | 124 | |
| 9 | Team CSC | 116 | |
| 10 | Quick-Step–Davitamon | 100 |
Young rider classification
edit| Rank | Rider | Team | Time |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | iBanesto.com | 84h 0' 56" | |
| 2 | AG2R Prévoyance | + 42' 29" | |
| 3 | iBanesto.com | + 1h 02' 48" | |
| 4 | Brioches La Boulangère | + 1h 05' 17" | |
| 5 | AG2R Prévoyance | + 1h 09' 09" | |
| 6 | Quick-Step–Davitamon | + 1h 17' 44" | |
| 7 | Team Telekom | + 1h 25' 33" | |
| 8 | iBanesto.com | + 1h 32' 19" | |
| 9 | Brioches La Boulangère | + 1h 51' 49" | |
| 10 | Alessio | + 2h 01' 08" |
Team classification
edit| Rank | Team | Time |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Team CSC | 248h 18' 18" |
| 2 | iBanesto.com | + 21' 46" |
| 3 | Euskaltel–Euskadi | + 44' 59" |
| 4 | U.S. Postal Service | + 45' 53" |
| 5 | Team Bianchi | + 1h 12' 40" |
| 6 | Team Telekom | + 1h 38' 45" |
| 7 | Quick-Step–Davitamon | + 2h 02' 17" |
| 8 | Brioches La Boulangère | + 2h 02' 36" |
| 9 | AG2R Prévoyance | + 2h 08' 06" |
| 10 | Cofidis | + 2h 08' 56" |
Centenaire classification
edit| Rank | Rider | Team | Points |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Crédit Agricole | 82 | |
| 2 | Crédit Agricole | 86 | |
| 3 | Team Bianchi | 103 | |
| 4 | Quick-Step–Davitamon | 118 | |
| 5 | Saeco | 123 | |
| 6 | Bianchi | 165 | |
| 7 | Brioches La Boulangère | 169 | |
| 8 | FDJeux.com | 184 | |
| 9 | FDJeux.com | 188 | |
| 10 | Crédit Agricole | 210 |
Notes
edit- ^ a b c d e f g h i On 24 August 2012, the United States Anti-Doping Agency announced that they had disqualified Armstrong from all his results since 1998, including his victory in the 2003 Tour de France.[1] The Union Cycliste Internationale, responsible for the international cycling, confirmed this verdict on 22 October 2012.[2]
References
edit- ^ a b "Lance Armstrong Receives Lifetime Ban And Disqualification of Competitive Results For Doping Violations Stemming From His Involvement in the United States Postal Service Pro-Cycling Team Doping Conspiracy". United States Anti-Doping Agency. 24 August 2012. Archived from the original on 4 November 2016. Retrieved 17 October 2016.
- ^ a b "Lance Armstrong stripped of all seven Tour de France wins by UCI". BBC. 22 October 2012. Archived from the original on 8 September 2016. Retrieved 17 October 2016.
- ^ "Maillot jaune Lance Armstrong speaks, July 24, 2004". Cycling News. 24 July 2004. Archived from the original on 1 December 2017. Retrieved 12 August 2009.
- ^ "Tour de France - July 5-27, 2003". Cyclingnews. Archived from the original on 5 June 2011. Retrieved 15 March 2015.
- ^ "The history of the Tour de France – Year 2004 – The starters". Tour de France. Amaury Sport Organisation. Archived from the original on 3 April 2020. Retrieved 4 April 2020.
- ^ "Tour de France 2003 – The teams". Tour de France. Amaury Sport Organisation. Archived from the original on 17 October 2003. Retrieved 4 April 2020.
- ^ Cameron, Gordan (19 May 2003). "Tour De France Wildcards: No Cipo'!". Archived from the original on 2 April 2015. Retrieved 15 March 2015.
- ^ Jones, Jeff (19 May 2003). "Tour selection leaves Cipollini in the cold". Cyclingnews. Archived from the original on 2 April 2015. Retrieved 15 March 2015.
- ^ "90th Tour de France – Mountain stages". Cyclingnews.com. Archived from the original on 25 July 2019. Retrieved 23 December 2019.
- ^ "Tour de France 2003 – The map". Tour de France. Amaury Sport Organisation. Archived from the original on 4 April 2004. Retrieved 4 April 2020.
- ^ "Tour de France 2003 – All the stages". Tour de France. Amaury Sport Organisation. Archived from the original on 3 October 2003. Retrieved 4 April 2020.
- ^ "90ème Tour de France 2003" [90th Tour de France 2003]. Mémoire du cyclisme (in French). Archived from the original on 5 April 2020. Retrieved 6 April 2020.
- ^ "The history of the Tour de France – Year 2003 – The stage winners". Tour de France. Amaury Sport Organisation. Archived from the original on 3 April 2020. Retrieved 4 April 2020.
- ^ Augendre 2016, p. 110.
- ^ Gilmour, Rod (19 July 2011). "Tour de France 2011, stage 16". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 4 January 2014. Retrieved 12 July 2013.
- ^ Samuel Abt (30 May 2004). "Effects of a Crash Landing Are Still Hampering Beloki". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 19 July 2009. Retrieved 23 August 2011.
- ^ Chris Henry (17 November 2003). "Change and challenge for Joseba Beloki". Cycling News. Archived from the original on 26 August 2010. Retrieved 23 August 2011.
- ^ Maloney, Tim (27 July 2003). "Man Alive! Armstrong goes five out of five". Cyclingnews.com. Archived from the original on 23 September 2009. Retrieved 7 October 2009.
- ^ "Lance Armstrong will be banned from cycling by USADA after saying he won't fight doping charges". The Washington Post. 24 August 2012. Archived from the original on 14 October 2012. Retrieved 24 August 2012.
- ^ "USADA to ban Armstrong for life, strip Tour titles". CBS News. Archived from the original on 24 August 2012. Retrieved 24 August 2012.
- ^ Race regulations 2003, pp. 20–21.
- ^ a b Race regulations 2003, p. 22.
- ^ Race regulations 2003, p. 13.
- ^ a b c d e Race regulations 2003, pp. 7–8.
- ^ a b c d Race regulations 2003, p. 21.
- ^ Race regulations 2003, pp. 21–22.
- ^ "Tour de France 2003 – Overall combativity standings". Tour de France. Amaury Sport Organisation. Archived from the original on 7 March 2005. Retrieved 4 April 2020.
- ^ Race regulations 2003, p. 35.
- ^ Hood, Andrew (13 July 2003). "Mayo wins, Armstrong in yellow after epic day at Tour". VeloNews. Pocket Outdoor Media. Archived from the original on 2 March 2019. Retrieved 2 March 2019.
- ^ Maloney, Tim (21 July 2003). "Armstrong wins stage & makes miracle comeback". Cyclingnews.com. Archived from the original on 5 October 2018. Retrieved 4 March 2019.
- ^ "Tour de France 2003 – Leaders overview". ProCyclingStats. Archived from the original on 16 February 2019. Retrieved 16 February 2019.
- ^ van den Akker, Pieter. "Informatie over de Tour de France van 2003" [Information about the Tour de France from 2003]. TourDeFranceStatistieken.nl (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 2 March 2019. Retrieved 2 March 2019.
- ^ a b "Tour de France 2003 – Overall individual standing". Tour de France. Amaury Sport Organisation. Archived from the original on 8 December 2003. Retrieved 4 April 2020.
- ^ "Tour de France 2003 – Overall points standing". Tour de France. Amaury Sport Organisation. Archived from the original on 28 April 2004. Retrieved 4 April 2020.
- ^ "Tour de France 2003 – Overall climber standing". Tour de France. Amaury Sport Organisation. Archived from the original on 19 December 2003. Retrieved 4 April 2020.
- ^ "Tour de France 2003 – Overall youth standing". Tour de France. Amaury Sport Organisation. Archived from the original on 19 December 2003. Retrieved 4 April 2020.
- ^ "Tour de France 2003 – Overall team standing". Tour de France. Amaury Sport Organisation. Archived from the original on 19 December 2003. Retrieved 4 April 2020.
- ^ "Tour de France 2003 – Overall centenaire standings". Tour de France. Amaury Sport Organisation. Archived from the original on 19 December 2003. Retrieved 4 April 2020.
Bibliography
edit- Augendre, Jacques (2016). Guide historique [Historical guide] (PDF) (in French). Paris: Amaury Sport Organisation. Archived (PDF) from the original on 17 August 2016. Retrieved 27 October 2016.
{{cite book}}:|work=ignored (help) - Le règlement et les prix [The regulations and prizes] (PDF). Paris: Amaury Sport Organisation. 2004. Archived from the original (PDF) on 17 September 2003. Retrieved 4 March 2019.
{{cite book}}:|work=ignored (help)
Further reading
edit- Bacon, Ellis (2014). Mapping Le Tour. Glasgow: HarperCollins Publishers. pp. 222–223. ISBN 9780007543991. OCLC 872700415.
- Wilcockson, John (2003). The 2003 Tour de France: 100th Anniversary Tour. Boulder, Colorado: VeloPress. ISBN 978-1-931382-26-7.
External links
edit- Official website at the Wayback Machine (archived 1 October 2003)
- 2003 Tour de France at Cyclingnews.com