Alonim
Alonim
אַלּוֹנִים | |
|---|---|
| Hebrew transcription(s) | |
| • official | Allonim |
 | |
  Alonim | |
| Coordinates: 32°43′11″N 35°8′38″E / 32.71972°N 35.14389°E | |
| Country | Israel |
| District | Northern |
| Council | Jezreel Valley |
| Affiliation | Kibbutz Movement |
| Founded | 26 June 1938 |
| Founded by | German Jewish Refugees |
| Population (2022)[1] | 552 |
| Website | www.alonim.org.il |
Alonim (Hebrew: אַלּוֹנִים, lit. 'Oaks') is a kibbutz in northern Israel. Located in the Lower Galilee, it falls under the jurisdiction of Jezreel Valley Regional Council. In 2022 the kibbutz had a population of 552.[1]
History
[edit]Ottoman era
[edit]In the Ottoman era, a village called Qusqus, or Kuskus,[2] was situated here. In 1859, the population was given as 100, with 16 feddans of tillage.[3]
In 1875, Victor Guérin visited, and estimated that the village had 200 inhabitants.[4] In 1881, the PEF's Survey of Western Palestine described Kuskus as an adobe village in the oak-woods on high ground.[3]
British Mandate era
[edit]In 1925 a Zionist organisation purchased 30 feddans in Kiskis (present Alonim) and Tabon (present Kiryat Tiv'on) from the Sursuk family of Beirut. At the time, there were 36 families living there.[5] From 1931, and lasting several years, the Jewish Agency struggled to evict the tenant farmers from Qusqus, from the land which was to become Alonim.[6]
The kibbutz was established on 26 June 1938 as part of the tower and stockade settlement project.[7]
During the 1936–39 Arab revolt in Palestine, Alonim was frequently attacked and three of its members were killed. It began as an orchard and dairy farm, and manufactured flutes, which were popular with Israeli children.
By 1945, al Tivon (Alonim) (previously Qusqus Taboun) had 370 Muslim and 320 Jewish inhabitants, with a total land area of 5,823 dunams.[8][9] Of this land, 141 dunams were used for plantations and irrigable land, 2,038 for cereals,[10] while 3,644 dunams were classified as non-cultivable land.[11]
In 1947, Alonim had a population of over 450.
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Alonim 1938. Arrival of colonists
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Alonim under construction, June 1938
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Alonim, a watchtower, 1938
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Alomin, a watchtower, 1939
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Alonim, 1945
State of Israel
[edit]The Israel National Arabian Horse Show is an annual event held at Kibbutz Alonim.[12] As one of its economic branches, the kibbutz operates chicken coops in partnership with Kibbutz Hannaton.[13]
References
[edit]- ^ a b "Regional Statistics". Israel Central Bureau of Statistics. Retrieved 21 March 2024.
- ^ personal name, or “mince meat”, according to Palmer, 1881, p. 113
- ^ a b Conder and Kitchener, 1881, SWP I, p. 271
- ^ Guérin, 1880, p. 398
- ^ according to List of villages sold by Sursocks and their partners to the Zionists since British occupation of Palestine, evidence to the Shaw Commission, 1930
- ^ Avneri, 1984, pp. 156-7
- ^ Kibbutz Alonim Founded by Ha-Shomer Youth
- ^ Department of Statistics, 1945, p. 15
- ^ Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 49 Archived 2015-09-24 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 92 Archived 2015-09-24 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 142 Archived 2015-06-02 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Israelis and Palestinians unite over horses, The Jerusalem Post
- ^ Nefesh B'Nefesh: Kibbutz Hannaton
Bibliography
[edit]- Avneri, Arieh L. (1984). The Claim of Dispossession: Jewish Land-settlement and the Arabs, 1878-1948. Transaction Publishers. ISBN 0-87855-964-7.
- Conder, C.R.; Kitchener, H.H. (1882). The Survey of Western Palestine: Memoirs of the Topography, Orography, Hydrography, and Archaeology. Vol. 2. London: Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund.
- Department of Statistics (1945). Village Statistics, April, 1945. Government of Palestine.
- Guérin, V. (1880). Description Géographique Historique et Archéologique de la Palestine (in French). Vol. 3: Galilee, pt. 1. Paris: L'Imprimerie Nationale.
- Hadawi, S. (1970). Village Statistics of 1945: A Classification of Land and Area ownership in Palestine. Palestine Liberation Organization Research Center. Archived from the original on 2018-12-08. Retrieved 2015-11-16.
- Palmer, E.H. (1881). The Survey of Western Palestine: Arabic and English Name Lists Collected During the Survey by Lieutenants Conder and Kitchener, R. E. Transliterated and Explained by E.H. Palmer. Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund.
External links
[edit]- Kibbutz website (in Hebrew)
- Survey of Western Palestine, Map 5: IAA, Wikimedia commons
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