Valerius Flaccus (poet)

Gaius Valerius Flaccus (Setinus Balbus) (died c. AD 90) was a Roman poet of the Silver Age.

The translations are by J. H. Mozley, and are taken from Vol. 286 of the Loeb Classical Library (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1928).

• Prima deum magnis canimus freta pervia natis
  fatidicamque ratem, Scythici quae Phasidis oras
  ausa sequi mediosque inter iuga concita cursus
  rumpere flammifero tandem consedit Olympo.
  • My song is of the straits first navigated by the mighty sons of gods, of the prophetic ship that dared to seek the shores of Scythian Phasis, that burst unswerving through the clashing rocks, to slink at length to rest in the starry firmament.
  • Lines 1–4
• Siderea tunc arce pater pulcherrima Graium
  coepta tuens tantamque operis consurgere molem
  laetatur.
  • Then the Father from his starry citadel beholding these glorious deeds of the Greeks and how the mighty work went forward, is glad.
  • Lines 498–500

• Auxerat hora metus, iam se vertentis Olympi
  ut faciem raptosque simul montesque locosque
  ex oculis circumque graves videre tenebras.
  ipsa quies rerum mundique silentia terrent
  astraque et effusis stellatus crinibus aether;
  ac velut ignota captus regione viarum
  noctivagum qui carpit iter non aure quiescit,
  non oculis, noctisque metus niger auget utrimque
  campus et occurrens umbris maioribus arbor,
  haud aliter trepidare viri.
  • Their fear deepened with the night as they beheld the face of the heavens turning and the mountains and all places rapt from view and all around thick darkness. The very stillness of Nature, the silent constellations in the heavens, the firmament starred with streaming meteors filled them with fear. And as a traveller by night overtaken in some unknown spot upon the road keeps ear and eye alert, while the darkening landscape to left and right and trees looming up with shadows strangely huge do but make heavier the terrors of night, even so the heroes quailed.
  • Lines 38–47
• I, memor i terrae, quae vos amplexa quieto
  prima sinu, refer et domitis a Colchidos oris
  vela per hunc utero quem linquis Iasona nostro.
  • Go now, go, but forget not the land that first folded you to its peaceful bosom; and from Colchis' conquered shores bring back hither thy sails, I pray thee, by this Jason whom thou leavest in my womb.
  • Lines 422–424

• Hactenus in populos vati, Samothraca, diem que
  missa mane sacrisque metum servemus opertis.
  • Thus much, Samothrace, has the poet proclaimed thee to the nations and the light of day; there stay, and let us keep our reverence for holy mysteries.
  • Lines 439–440

• Ad primos turgentia lumina fletus.
  • Her eyes brimful to the verge of weeping.
  • Line 464

• Stagna vaga sic luce micant ubi Cynthia caelo
  prospicit aut medii transit rota candida Phoebi,
  tale iubar diffundit aquis: nil umbra comaeque
  turbavitque sonus surgentis ad oscula nymphae.
  illa avidas iniecta manus heu sera cientem
  auxilia et magni referentem nomen amici
  detrahit, adiutae prono nam pondere vires.
  • Even as the light that shifts and plays upon a lake, when Cynthia looks forth from heaven or the bright wheel of Phoebus in mid course passes by, so doth he shed a gleam upon the waters; he heeds not the shadow of the Nymph or her hair or the sound of her as she rises to embrace him. Greedily casting her arms about him, as he calls, alack! too late for help and utters the name of his mighty friend, she draws him down; for her strength is aided by his falling weight.
  • Lines 558–564

• Fata trahunt.
  • Fate sweeps them on.
  • Line 717

• Hic vero ingenti repetuntur pectora luctu,
  ut socii sedere locis nullaeque leonis
  exuviae tantique vacant vestigia transtri.
  flet pius Aeacides, maerent Poeantia corda,
  ingemit et dulci frater cum Castore Pollux.
  omnis adhuc vocat Alciden fugiente carina,
  omnis Hylan, medio pereunt iam nomina ponto.
  • Then once more comes deep grief to their hearts, when he comrades sat in their places and no lion's hide was there to see, but the empty seat upon that mighty thwart. Loyal Aeacides weeps, the heart of Philoctetes is sad, brother Pollux with his dear Castor makes lament. The ship is flying fast, and still all cry "Hercules," all cry "Hylas," but the names are lost in the middle of the sea.
  • Lines 719–725

• Melior vulgi nam saepe voluntas.
  • For oft have the common people kindlier feelings.
  • Line 158

• Sonitu tremebunda profundi.
  • [A cave] that trembled with the roaring of the deep.
  • Line 180

• Dixit et urgentis post saeva piacula fati
  nescius extremum hoc armis innectere palmas
  dat famulis.
  • He spoke, and unaware that fate was driving him on the path of tardy expiation, gives his arms for this last time to his attendants to bind with harness.
  • Lines 252–254

• Fallere quas nusquam misero locus.
  • Never, alas! can I elude them.
  • Line 451

• Diripiunt verruntque dapes foedataque turbant
  pocula, saevit odor surgitque miserrima pugna
  parque mihi monstrisque fames. sprevere quod omnes
  pollueruntque manu quodque unguibus excidit atris
  has mihi fert in luce moras.
  • They ravage and sweep away my banquet, and befoul and upset the cups, there is a violent stench and a sorry battle arises, for the monsters are as famished as I. What all have scorned or polluted with their touch, or what has fallen from their filthy claws, helps me to linger thus among the living.
  • Lines 454–456

• Unda laborantes praeceps rotat.
  • As they toil they are whirled round by a furious wave.
  • Line 656

• Effluit imber
  spumeus et magno puppem procul aequore vestit.
  • The spray falls in a rain and from afar shrouds the vessel in a watery deluge.
  • Lines 665–666

• Illa volans tenui per concita saxa
  luce fugit.
  • Through the hurrying rocks the brand with thin flame takes its flight.
  • Lines 672–673

• Hic Iuno praecepsque ex aethere Pallas
  insiliunt pariter scopulos: hunc nata coercet,
  hunc coniunx Iovis.
  • Hereupon Juno and Pallas leap sheer down from the sky upon the rocks; this one the daughter of Jove, that one his spouse constrains.
  • Lines 682–684

• Haud temere est, fato divum reor ad mea vectos
  litora vos.
  • Not by hazard are ye come; divine fate, I ween, hath brought you to my shores.
  • Lines 741–742

• Dicta dabant ventis nec debita fata movebant.
  • Their words were spoken to the breezes nor swayed appointed fate.
  • Line 21

• Percutit ore lyram nomenque relinquit harenis.
  • Strikes his echoing lyre, singing the while, and bequeaths a name to the sands.
  • Line 100

• Blandos que Iovis quae luserat ignes
  caelicolis immota procis: deceptus amatae
  fraude deae nec solus Halys nec solus Apollo.
  • One who mocked Jove's ardent wooing, unmoved by heavenly suitors; not Halys only or Apollo were deceived by the trickery of the nymph they loved.
  • Lines 110–112

• At Iuno et summi virgo Iovis intima secum
  consilia et varias sociabant pectore curas.
  • But Juno and the virgin daughter of supreme Jove were sharing heart to heart their inmost counsels and distracting cares.
  • Lines 280–281

• Rebus semper pudor absit in artis.
  • Away with scruple in adversity!
  • Line 324

• Et Scythicam qui se comitentur ad urbem
  sorte petit numeroque novem ducuntur ab omni.
  • And sought by lot those who should bear him company to the Scythian town, and from the whole number nine were drawn.
  • Lines 325–326

• Talibus orantem vultu gravis ille minaci
  iamdudum premit et furiis ignescit opertis.
  • The other, his brow heavy with threats, had long been muttering and smouldering with hidden fire.
  • Lines 519–520

• Velut ante comas ac summa cacumina silvae
  lenibus adludit flabris levis Auster, at illum
  protinus immanem miserae sensere carinae.
  • Just as at first the South wind makes gentle sport as it softly stirs the leaves and topmost branches of the woodland, but soon the unlucky ships are feeling all its terrible strength.
  • Lines 664–666

• Nox simul astriferas profert optabilis umbras.
  • At the same time welcome Night brings on the star-heralding shadows.
  • Line 752

• Respexit que fores et adhuc invenit euntem,
  visus et heu miserae tunc pulchrior hospes amanti
  discedens; tales umeros, ea terga relinquit.
  • [Medea] looked toward the gates and found him still even as he went; and alas! as he departed still comelier seemed the stranger to the lovelorn girl: such shoulders, such frame doth he leave to her remembrance.
  • Lines 106–108

• Quid me autem sic ille movet, superetne labores
  an cadat?
  • Why feel I so for him, whether he master his toils, or whether he fall?
  • Lines 131–132

• Saepe suas misero promittere destinat artes,
  denegat atque una potius decernit in ira
  ac neque tam turpi cessuram semet amori
  proclamat.
  • Often again she is resolved to promise her skill to the unhappy man, then again refuses, and is determined rather to perish with him; and she cries that never will she yield to so base a passion...
  • Lines 317–320

• 'Tune sequeris' ait 'quidquam aut patiere pudendum
  cum tibi tot mortes scelerisque brevissima tanti
  effugia?'
  • "Wilt thou pursue," she said, "or submit to aught that is shameful, when thou hast so many means of death and quick escape from a deed so wicked?"
  • Lines 331–333

• Et, qua sibi fida magis vis
  nulla, Prometheae florem de sanguine fibrae
  promit nutritaque gramina monti,
  quae sacer ille nives inter tristesque pruinas
  durat alitque cruor.
  • And takes forth a Caucasian herb, of potency sure beyond all others, sprung of the gore that dropped from the liver of Prometheus, and grass wind-nurtured, fostered and strengthened by that blood divine among snows and grisly frosts.
  • Lines 355–359

• Gemit inritus ille
  Colchidos ora tuens. totos tunc contrahit artus
  monte dolor cunctaeque tremunt sub falce catenae.
  • Fruitlessly doth he groan, beholding the face of the Colchian maid; then over all the mountain pain contracts his limbs, and all his fetters shake beneath her sickle.
  • Lines 368–370

• Haud secus in mediis noctis nemoris que tenebris
  inciderant ambo attoniti iuxtaque subibant
  abietibus tacitis aut immotis cyparissis
  adsimiles, rapidus nondum quas miscuit Auster.
  • So in the midnight shadows of the grove did they two meet and draw nigh each other, awe-struck, like silent first or motionless cypresses, when the mad South wind hath not yet intertwined their boughs.
  • Lines 403–406

• Nec quibus incipiat demens videt ordine nec quo
  quove tenus, prima cupiens effundere voce
  omnia, sed nec prima pudor dat verba timenti.
  • She can find in her bewilderment no words wherewith to begin, how to order or where to end her speech; fain would she pour out all in her first utterance, but not even the first words doth fear-stricken shame allow her.
  • Lines 433–435

• Tum vero extremo percussa dolore
  arripit Aesoniden dextra ac summissa profatur:
  'sis memor, oro, mei, contra memor ipsa manebo,
  crede, tui. quantum hinc aberis, dic quaeso, profundi?
  quod caeli spectabo latus?'
  • Then indeed, pierced by grief's bitterest pang, she clutched the hand of Jason and humbly besought him thus: "Remember me, I pray, for never, believe me, shall I be forgetful of thee. When thou art gone, tell me, I beg, on what quarter of the heaven must I gaze?"
  • Lines 475–479

• Cessit et ad socios paulum se rettulit heros
  opperiens.
  • The hero withdrew and betook himself for a space to his companions, waiting.
  • Lines 614–615

• At trepidam in thalamis et iam sua facta paventem
  Colchida circa omnes pariter furiaeque minaeque
  patris habent.
  • But Medea in her chamber, trembling and terror-struck now at what she has done, is encompassed by all her father's threatening rage.
  • Lines 1–3

• Latmius aestiva residet venator in umbra
  dignus amore deae, velatis cornibus et iam
  Luna venit.
  • The Latmian hunter rests in the summer shade, fit lover for a goddess, and soon the Moon comes with veiled horns.
  • Lines 28–30

• Ecce autem pavidae virgo de more columbae
  quae super ingenti circumdata praepetis umbra
  in quemcumque tremens hominem cadit, haud secus illa
  acta timore gravi mediam se misit.
  • But lo! the girl, like a frightened dove, that caught in the vast shadow of a hawk falls trembling on some man, no matter who he be, so doth she fling herself into his arms driven by strong fear.
  • Lines 32–35

• Contra Tartareis Colchis spumare venenis
  cunctaque Lethaei quassare silentia rami
  perstat et adverso luctantia lumina cantu
  obruit atque omnem linguaque manuque fatigat
  vim Stygiam.
  • But on her side the Colchian ceases not to foam with hellish poisons and to sprinkle all the silences of Lethe's bough: exerting her spells she constrains his reluctant eyes, exhausting all her Stygian power of hand and tongue.
  • Lines 83–87

• Iamque altae cecidere iubae nutatque coactum
  iam caput atque ingens extra sua vellera cervix
  ceu refluens Padus aut septem proiectus in amnes
  Nilus et Hesperium veniens Alpheos in orbem.
  • And now the high crest sinks, now the head is nodding overpowered and the huge neck has slipped from around the fleece it guarded, like refluent Po or Nile that sprawls in seven streams or Alpheus when his waters enter the Hesperian world.
  • Lines 88–91

• Cuius adhuc rutilam servabant bracchia pellem,
  nubibus accensis similem aut cum veste recincta
  labitur ardenti Thaumantias obvia Phoebo.
  • Where still the branches guarded the skin of ruddy hue, like to illumined cloud or to Iris when she ungirds her robe and glides to meet glowing Phoebus.
  • Lines 114–116

• Micat omnis ager villisque comantem
  sidereis totos pellem nunc fundit in artus,
  nunc in colla refert, nunc implicat ille sinistrae.
  • The whole landscape flashes while the hero now wraps about his body the fleece with its starry tufts of hair, now shifts it to his neck, now folds it upon his left arm.
  • Lines 122–124

• Interea patrias saevus venit horror ad aures
  fata domus luctumque ferens fraudemque fugamque
  virginis.
  • Meantime her sire was shuddering at the cruel news that reached his ear: the doom of his house, the mourning, his daughter's crafty flight.
  • Lines 134–136

• Absyrtus subita praeceps cum classe parentis
  advehitur profugis infestam lampada Grais
  concutiens.
  • Absyrtus in hot haste with his father's swift-assembled fleet draws nigh, and shakes a threatening torch at the escaping Greeks.
  • Lines 261–263

• O mihi curarum pretium non vile mearum,
  Flacce, Antenorei spes et alumne laris,
  Pierios differ cantusque chorosque sororum;
  Aes dabit ex istis nulla puella tibi.
  Quid petis a Phoebo? nummos habet arca Minervae;
  Haec sapit, haec omnes fenerat una deos.
  Quid possunt hederae Bacchi dare? Pallados arbor
  Inclinat varias pondere nigra comas.
  Praeter aquas Helicon et serta lyrasque dearum
  Nil habet et magnum, sed perinane sophos.
  Quid tibi cum Cirrha? quid cum Permesside nuda?
  Romanum propius divitiusque forum est.
  Illic aera sonant: at circum pulpita nostra
  Et steriles cathedras basia sola crepant.
  • Though midst the noblest poets thou hast place,
    Flaccus, the offspring of Antenor's race;
    Renounce the Muses' songs and charming quire,
    For none of them enrich, though they inspire.
    Court not Apollo, Pallas has the gold;
    She's wise, and does the gods in mortgage hold.
    What profit is there in an ivy wreath?
    Its fruits the loaden olive sinks beneath.
    In Helicon there's nought but springs and bays,
    The Muses' harps loud sounding empty praise.
    What with Parnassus' streams hast thou to do?
    The Roman forum's rich, and nearer too.
    There chinks the cash: but round the poet's chair
    The smacks of kisses only fill the air.
  • Martial, Epigrams, Book I, epigram lxxvi

• Multum in Valerio Flacco nuper amisimus.
  • We have suffered serious loss in the recent death of Valerius Flaccus.
  • Quintilian, Institutio Oratoria (c. 95 AD), Book X, Chapter 1, par. 90 (tr. H. E. Butler)

• Apollonius of Rhodes

• Online text: Valerius Flaccus, Argonautica (Latin)
• Online text: Valerius Flaccus, Argonautica translated by J. H. Mozley