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Kyahan (脚絆（きゃはん）) are cloth leggings which were worn by the samurai class and their retainers in feudal Japan.^[1] In Japanese, the word is also used for Western soldiers' gaiters.

Description

Kyahan were worn as padding underneath the samurai greaves (suneate). Some types of kyahan could be covered with mail armour (kusari kyahan or kyahan suneate); these were worn by foot soldiers (ashigaru) or by samurai as protection.^[2] Kyahan were worn by ordinary travelers as protection from cold, insects and underbrush.^[3]

Kyahan were often made of linen, but other materials such as cotton were also used. Kyahan components depended on the season.^{[further explanation needed]} When tying kyahan, the inner cords are shorter than the outer ones; the cords are typically tied on the inner side of the legs instead of on the front or outer area, preventing discomfort when the stiff greaves are placed over the kyahan.

References

^ Bottomley, Ian (October 23, 1996). Arms and Armor of the Samurai: The History of Weaponry in Ancient Japan. Crescent Books. ISBN 9780517103180 – via Google Books.
^ Ratti, Oscar; A, Westbrook (October 23, 1991). Secrets of the Samurai; A Survey of the Martial Arts of Feudal Japan. C. E. Tuttle. ISBN 9780804816847 – via Google Books.
^ Murray (Firm), John; Chamberlain, Basil Hall; Mason, W. B. (October 23, 1894). "A Handbook for Travellers in Japan". J. Murray – via Google Books.

Sources

Turnbull, Stephen (1998). The Samurai Sourcebook. London: Arms & Armour Press. ISBN 1-85409-371-1 [reprinted by Cassell & Co., London, 2000. ISBN 1-85409-523-4 ]

External links

Media related to Kyahan (kiahan) at Wikimedia Commons

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[1] Bottomley, Ian (October 23, 1996). Arms and Armor of the Samurai: The History of Weaponry in Ancient Japan. Crescent Books. ISBN 9780517103180 – via Google Books.

[2] Ratti, Oscar; A, Westbrook (October 23, 1991). Secrets of the Samurai; A Survey of the Martial Arts of Feudal Japan. C. E. Tuttle. ISBN 9780804816847 – via Google Books.

[3] Murray (Firm), John; Chamberlain, Basil Hall; Mason, W. B. (October 23, 1894). "A Handbook for Travellers in Japan". J. Murray – via Google Books.

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[2]

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@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{Short description|Cloth leggings and retainers worn by samurai in feudal Japan}}
-[[File:Kyahan (kiahan) 2.JPG|thumb|Antique Japanese (samurai) ''kyahan''.]]
+{{Italic title}}
-'''Kiahan''' (''kyahan'') are cloth leggings worn by the [[samurai]] class and their retainers in feudal Japan.<ref>[http://books.google.com/books?ei=KBAdT9XbNtOUtwetq-G0Cw&id=csUrAAAAYAAJ&dq=Japanese+Kaihan&q=+Kaihan#search_anchor  ''Arms and armor of the samurai: the history of weaponry in ancient Japan'', Ian Bottomley, Anthony Hopson, Crescent Books, 1993,  2008 ISBN 0-517-10318-4, ISBN 978-0-517-10318-0 Pgs 30, 80, 185]</ref>
+[[File:Kyahan (kiahan) 2.JPG|thumb|Antique Japanese {{transl|ja|kyahan}}]]
+{{nihongo||[[wiktionary:脚絆|脚絆]]（きゃはん）|'''Kyahan'''}} are cloth leggings which were worn by the [[samurai]] class and their retainers in feudal Japan.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=csUrAAAAYAAJ&q=+Kaihan|title=Arms and Armor of the Samurai: The History of Weaponry in Ancient Japan|first=Ian|last=Bottomley|date=October 23, 1996|publisher=Crescent Books|isbn=9780517103180|via=Google Books}}</ref> In [[Japanese language|Japanese]], the word is also used for Western soldiers' [[gaiters]].
 ==Description==
-Kaihan were worn as padding underneath the samurai shin armour ([[suneate]]). Some types of kaihan could be covered with chain armour (kusari kaihan or kaihan suneate), these were worn by foot soldiers ''[[ashigaru]]'' or by samurai as protection.<ref>[http://books.google.com/books?id=Z9lmmkvQOpoC&pg=PA199&dq=samurai+kyahan&hl=en&sa=X&ei=9RcdT7f8BYbXtwfu6YSiAw&ved=0CDAQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=samurai%20kyahan&f=true  ''Secrets of the samurai: a survey of the martial arts of feudal Japan'', Oscar Ratti, Adele Westbrook, Publisher Tuttle Publishing, 1991, ISBN 0-8048-1684-0, ISBN 978-0-8048-1684-7 P. 199]</ref> Kiahan were worn by ordinary travelers as protection from cold, insects and underbrush.<ref>[http://books.google.com/books?id=FJZFAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA9&dq=japanese+kyahan&hl=en&sa=X&ei=IRwdT9jNDc_ctweHr_G7Cw&ved=0CFwQ6AEwCA#v=onepage&q=japanese%20kyahan&f=true ''A handbook for travellers in Japan'', John Murray , Basil Hall Chamberlain, W. B. Mason, Publisher J. Murray, 1894, Original from the University of California, Digitized Nov 21, 2007 P.9]</ref> Kiahan are often made of linen, but other materials such as cotton can be employed. Kiahan components depend on the season. When tying kiahan, the inner cords are shorter than the outer ones; it is also advisable that the cords are tied on the inner side of the legs instead of on the front or outer area. This helps prevent discomfort when the stiff [[suneate]] shin-guards are placed over the kiahan.
+{{transl|ja|Kyahan}} were worn as padding underneath the samurai greaves ({{transl|ja|[[suneate]]}}). Some types of {{transl|ja|kyahan}} could be covered with mail armour ({{transl|ja|kusari kyahan}} or {{transl|ja|kyahan suneate}}); these were worn by foot soldiers ({{transl|ja|[[ashigaru]]}}) or by samurai as protection.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Z9lmmkvQOpoC&q=samurai+kyahan&pg=PA199|title=Secrets of the Samurai; A Survey of the Martial Arts of Feudal Japan|first1=Oscar|last1=Ratti|first2=Westbrook|last2=A|date=October 23, 1991|publisher=C. E. Tuttle|isbn=9780804816847|via=Google Books}}</ref> {{transl|ja|Kyahan}} were worn by ordinary travelers as protection from cold, insects and underbrush.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FJZFAAAAIAAJ&q=japanese+kyahan&pg=PA9|title=A Handbook for Travellers in Japan|first1=John|last1=Murray (Firm)|first2=Basil Hall|last2=Chamberlain|first3=W. B.|last3=Mason|date=October 23, 1894|publisher=J. Murray|via=Google Books}}</ref>
+{{transl|ja|Kyahan}} were often made of [[linen]], but other materials such as [[cotton]] were also used. {{transl|ja|Kyahan}} components depended on the season.{{explain|reason=which?|date=October 2021}} When tying {{transl|ja|kyahan}}, the inner cords are shorter than the outer ones; the cords are typically tied on the inner side of the legs instead of on the front or outer area, preventing discomfort when the stiff greaves are placed over the {{transl|ja|kyahan}}.
 ==See also==
-*[[Suneate]]
+* {{transl|ja|[[Suneate]]}}
+* [[List of items traditionally worn in Japan]]
 ==References==
@@ Line 12: / Line 17: @@
 ==Sources==
-* Turnbull, Stephen (1998). ''The Samurai Sourcebook.'' London: Arms & Armour Press. ISBN 1-85409-371-1 [reprinted by Cassell & Co., London, 2000. ISBN 1-85409-523-4 ]
+* Turnbull, Stephen (1998). ''The Samurai Sourcebook.'' London: Arms & Armour Press. {{ISBN|1-85409-371-1}} [reprinted by Cassell & Co., London, 2000. {{ISBN|1-85409-523-4}} ]
 ==External links==
-{{Commons category|Kiahan (kyahan)}}
+*{{Commonscatinline|Kyahan (kiahan)}}
 {{Japanese (samurai) weapons, armour and equipment}}
-[[Category:Japanese clothing|Kiahan]]
+{{Japanese clothing}}
+[[Category:Japanese clothing]]
 [[Category:Ninjutsu artefacts]]
 [[Category:Samurai clothing]]
+[[Category:Japanese words and phrases]]
 {{clothing-stub}}
 {{Samurai-stub}}

v t e Japanese clothing
List of items traditionally worn in Japan
Traditional	Chihaya Fundoshi Furisode Hanten Hakama Haori Happi Jinbei Jōe Jūnihitoe Keikogi Kosode Kimono Kyahan Mawashi Mino Nemaki Samue Shitagi Sokutai Uwagi Yukata
Headgear	Benkan Hachimaki Kanmuri Kanzashi Kasa Raikan Shaguma Tenugui Tokin Tsunokakushi
Belt / sash	Obi Uwa-obi Tasuki
Footwear	Geta Jika-tabi Okobo Tabi Uwabaki Waraji Zōri