Hoboksar Mongol Autonomous County: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox settlement |
{{Infobox settlement |
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<!-- See Template:Infobox settlement for additional fields and descriptions --> |
<!-- See Template:Infobox settlement for additional fields and descriptions --> |
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| name = |
| name = Hoboksar County |
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| native_name = |
| native_name = {{nobold|{{native name|zh-Hans|和布克赛尔县}}<br/>{{native name|ug-Arab|قوبۇقسار ناھىيىسى}}}} |
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| other_name = Qobuqsar, Hefeng |
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| settlement_type = [[Autonomous county]] |
| settlement_type = [[Autonomous county]] |
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| official_name = {{longitem|style=font-size:110%;|Hoboksar Mongol Autonomous County<br/>{{nobold|{{lang|zh-cn|和布克赛尔蒙古自治县}}}}<br/>{{lang|ug|قوبۇقسار موڭغۇل ئاپتونوم ناھىيىسى}}<br/>{{lang|kk-Arab|قوبىقسارى موڭعۇل |
| official_name = {{longitem|style=font-size:110%;|Hoboksar Mongol Autonomous County<br/>{{nobold|{{lang|zh-cn|和布克赛尔蒙古自治县}}}}<br/>{{lang|ug|قوبۇقسار موڭغۇل ئاپتونوم ناھىيىسى}}<br/>{{lang|kk-Arab|قوبىقسارى موڭعۇل اۆتونوميالىق اۋدانى}}}}{{MongolUnicode|ᠬᠣᠪᠣᠭᠰᠠᠶᠢᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ|style=max-height:2.5em;text-align:left;word-wrap:normal}}<br>{{MongolUnicode|ᡍᡆᡋᡇᡎᠰᠠᡅᠷ ᡏᡆᡊᡎᡆᠯ ᡄᡋᡄᠷᡄᡃᠨ ᠴᠠᠰᠠᡍᡇ ᠱᡅᡕᠠᠨ|style=max-height:2.5em;text-align:left;word-wrap:normal}} |
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| image_skyline = |
| image_skyline = |
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| image_alt = |
| image_alt = |
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| map_alt = |
| map_alt = |
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| map_caption = |
| map_caption = |
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| pushpin_map = Xinjiang |
| pushpin_map = China Xinjiang Northern#Xinjiang#China |
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| pushpin_label = Hoboksar |
| pushpin_label = Hoboksar |
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| pushpin_label_position = |
| pushpin_label_position = |
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| coordinates_footnotes = |
| coordinates_footnotes = |
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| subdivision_type = Country |
| subdivision_type = Country |
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| subdivision_name = |
| subdivision_name = [[China]] |
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| subdivision_type1 = [[Autonomous regions of China|Autonomous region]] |
| subdivision_type1 = [[Autonomous regions of China|Autonomous region]] |
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| subdivision_name1 = [[Xinjiang]] |
| subdivision_name1 = [[Xinjiang]] |
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| elevation_footnotes = |
| elevation_footnotes = |
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| elevation_m = |
| elevation_m = |
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| population_footnotes = <ref>[http://www.citypopulation.de/en/china/xinjiang/admin/ Xinjiang: Prefectures, Cities, Districts and Counties]</ref> |
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| population_footnotes = |
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| population_total = |
| population_total = 61,785 |
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| population_as_of = |
| population_as_of = 2020 |
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| population_density_km2 = auto |
| population_density_km2 = auto |
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| population_demonym = |
| population_demonym = |
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| population_note = |
| population_note = |
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| timezone1 = [[China Standard Time|China Standard]] |
| timezone1 = [[China Standard Time|China Standard]]{{efn|Locals in Xinjiang frequently observe [[UTC+6]] ([[Xinjiang Time]]), 2 hours behind Beijing.}} |
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| utc_offset1 = +8 |
| utc_offset1 = +8 |
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| postal_code_type = [[List of postal codes in China|Postal code]] |
| postal_code_type = [[List of postal codes in China|Postal code]] |
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| area_code = 0901 |
| area_code = 0901 |
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| iso_code = |
| iso_code = |
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| website = |
| website = {{URL|http://www.xjhbk.gov.cn/}} |
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| footnotes = |
| footnotes = |
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}} |
}} |
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{{Infobox Chinese|order=st|s=和布克赛尔蒙古自治县|t=和布克賽爾蒙古自治縣|p=Hébùkèsài'ěr Měnggǔ Zìzhìxiàn|s2=和丰县|t2=和豐縣|p2=Héfēng Xiàn|w=He<sup>4</sup>-pu<sup>4</sup>-k'e<sup>4</sup>-sai<sup>4</sup>-erh<sup>3</sup> Meng<sup>3</sup>-ku<sup>3</sup> Tzu<sup>4</sup>-chih<sup>4</sup>-hsien<sup>4</sup>|mon=Ховогсайр|mong=<span style="display:block; max-height:2.5em; word-wrap:normal">ᠬᠣᠪᠣᠭᠰᠠᠶᠢᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ</span>|monr=Qoboγsayir mongγol öbertegen ǰasaqu siyan|uig=قوبۇقسار|uly=Qobuqsar|uyy=Ⱪobuⱪsar|usy=Қобуқсар|lang1= |
{{Infobox Chinese|order=st|s=和布克赛尔蒙古自治县|t=和布克賽爾蒙古自治縣|p=Hébùkèsài'ěr Měnggǔ Zìzhìxiàn|s2=和丰县|t2=和豐縣|p2=Héfēng Xiàn|w=He<sup>4</sup>-pu<sup>4</sup>-k'e<sup>4</sup>-sai<sup>4</sup>-erh<sup>3</sup> Meng<sup>3</sup>-ku<sup>3</sup> Tzu<sup>4</sup>-chih<sup>4</sup>-hsien<sup>4</sup>|mon=Ховогсайр Монгол өөртөө засах шянь|mong=<span style="display:block; max-height:2.5em; word-wrap:normal">ᠬᠣᠪᠣᠭᠰᠠᠶᠢᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ</span>|monr=Qoboγsayir mongγol öbertegen ǰasaqu siyan|uig=قوبۇقسار|uly=Qobuqsar|uyy=Ⱪobuⱪsar|usy=Қобуқсар|lang1=kk|lang1_content={{lang|kk-Arab|قوبىقسارى موڭعۇل اۆتونوميالىق اۋدانى}}<br/>{{transl|kk|Qobyqsary Moñğūl avtonomialy audany}}<br/>{{lang|kk|Қобықсары Моңғұл автономйалы ауданы}}|lang2=xal|lang2_content={{MongolUnicode|ᡍᡆᡋᡆᡎᠰᠠᡅᠷᡅ ᡏᡆᡊᡎᡆᠯ ᡄᡋᡄᠷᡄᡃᠨ ᠴᠠᠰᠠᡍᡇ ᠱᡅᡕᠠᠨ|style=max-height:2.5em;text-align:left;word-wrap:normal}}<br>{{transl|xal|Qoboγsairi mongγol ebereen zasaqu šiyan}}}} |
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'''Hoboksar''' ({{zh|s=和布克赛尔蒙古自治县|p=Hébùkèsài'ěr Měnggǔ Zìzhìxiàn}} |
'''Hoboksar''' ({{zh|s=和布克赛尔蒙古自治县|p=Hébùkèsài'ěr Měnggǔ Zìzhìxiàn}}), sometimes referred with the historic name '''Hefeng County''' ({{zh|s=和丰县|p=Héfēng Xiàn|labels=no}}), is an [[autonomous county]] for [[Mongols in China|Mongol people]] in the middle north of [[Xinjiang|Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region]], [[Western China]], it is under the administration of [[Tacheng Prefecture]]. The county has an area of {{convert|28,784|km2|abbr=on}} with a population of 62,100 (as of [[Sixth National Population Census of the People's Republic of China|2010 Census]]).<ref name="Name"/> It has eight towns and townships and seven farms, ''Hoboksar Town'' is its [[county seat]].<ref name="xzqhorg">{{cite web|url=http://www.xzqh.org/html/show/xj/22406.html|script-title=zh:和布克赛尔县概况|publisher=xzqh.org|date=2014-12-04|access-date=2019-08-27}}</ref> |
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==Name== |
==Name== |
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The name of ''Hoboksar'' ({{lang| |
The name of ''Hoboksar'' ({{lang|mn|Ховогсайр}}) was individually referred to as "Hobok" ({{lang|mn|ховог}}) and "Sar" ({{lang|mn|сайр}}) from the [[Mongolian language]]. Hobok is ''Hobok River'', it means "[[sika deer]]", the river was named after its river basin within huge amount of sika deer in the past. Sar is the [[Salair Ridge|Salair Mountains]] and it means horseback, the mountain was named after its shape like a horseback.<ref name="Name">{{cite web|url=http://www.xzqh.org/html/show/xj/22405.html|script-title=zh:和布克赛尔县历史沿革|publisher=xzqh.org|date=2014-12-04|access-date=2019-08-27}}</ref> |
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==History== |
==History== |
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At the latest starting from the [[ |
At the latest starting from the [[Qing dynasty]], the [[Saka]] people appeared in the place of present Hoboksar area. This was followed by the [[Wusun|Usans]] and [[Xiongnu]] people. |
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The place was part of [[Wusun|Usan Sate]] in the [[Han dynasty|Western Han period]]. It was merged to the [[Jushi Kingdom| |
The place was part of [[Wusun|Usan Sate]] in the [[Han dynasty|Western Han period]]. It was merged to the [[Jushi Kingdom|Rear Jushi Kingdom]] ({{lang|zh-Hant|車師後國}}) in the [[Han dynasty|Eastern Han]] and [[Three Kingdoms|Three Kingdoms periods]]. It was part of [[Xianbei]] during the [[Jin dynasty (266–420)|Jin period]], part of [[Rouran Khaganate]], followed by the [[First Turkic Khaganate]], [[Western Turkic Khaganate]] in the period of [[Northern and Southern dynasties]]. It was under the administration of ''Kunling Protectorate'' ({{lang|zh-Hant|崑陵都護府}}) of the [[Tang dynasty]] in 657, ruled by [[Karluks]] in 789, [[Uyghur Khaganate]] in 808, [[Yenisei Kyrgyz|Kyrgyz Khaganate]] in 840 and [[Qara Khitai]] in 1127, it was merged to the [[Yuan dynasty]] in 1218, became the [[dominion]] of [[Ögedei Khan]] in 1225, then after that, the territory of [[Beshbalik|Beshbalik Province]] (Beiting) and [[Almaliq, Xinjiang|Almaliq Province]] in 1280, it was merged to [[Chagatai Khanate]] during 1324 - 1328. |
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It was part of |
It was part of [[Chagatai Khanate|Eastern Chagatai Khanate]] (Beshbalik Khaganate) in 1370, the herd land of the [[Oirats|Oirats tribe]] in the 5th century. After [[Erdeni Batur|Batur]]'s succession to ''[[Khong Tayiji]]'' in 1636, he quickly unified the [[Oirats|Oirats tribes]] in the North Xinjiang, with Hoboksar as the base camp. Batur built a castle five kilometers away southeast of the present [[county seat]] of ''Hoboksar Town'' between 1639 - 1643.<ref>{{cite journal|title=The Physical Remains of the Zunghar Legacy in Central Eurasia: Some Notes from the Field |journal=Paper Presented at the Social and Environmental Changes on the Mongolian Plateau Workshop, Canberra, ACT, Australia |last1=Haines |first1=R Spencer |date=2016 |publisher=The Australian National University }}</ref> |
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The place of Hoboksar was under jurisdiction of |
The place of Hoboksar was under jurisdiction of Tarbaghatay Ministerial Attache ({{lang|zh-Hant|塔爾巴哈臺參贊大臣}}, under leadship of the [[General of Ili]]; "Tarbaghatay", the prensent [[Tacheng Prefecture]]) in 1758. The [[Torghut|Torghut Tribe]] back far away from the south side of Russian [[Volga River]], immigrated to Hoboksar in 1771.<ref name="Name"/> |
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''Hoxtolgay Xianzuo'' ({{lang|zh- |
''Hoxtolgay Xianzuo'' ({{lang|zh-Hant|和什托洛蓋縣佐}}, similar to a division under vice [[county magistrate]]; in the present [[Hoxtolgay|Hoxtolgay Town]]) under jurisdiction of [[Shawan County]], was formed in 1915 and it was transferred to Tacheng Circuit ({{lang|zh-Hant|塔城道}}) in 1916. Hoxtolgay Xianzuo was changed to ''Hoxtolgay Division'' ({{lang|zh-Hant|和什托洛蓋設治局}}) and the ''Hefeng Division'' ({{lang|zh-Hant|和豐設治局}}) was formed in 1941. ''Hefeng County'' ({{lang|zh-Hant|和豐縣}}) was organized in 1944 and its county seat is in the present Hoboksar Town. Hefeng County was renamed to Hoboksar Mongol Autonomous County on September 10, 1954.<ref name="about">{{cite web|url=http://www.xjhbk.gov.cn/xq/hbksegk|script-title=zh:和布克赛尔概况|publisher=Hoboksar.gov.cn|access-date=2019-08-27}}</ref> |
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==Geography== |
==Geography== |
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Historically, the large Alan Nur and [[Manas Lake]] were located in the desert southwestern part of the county; they received water, at least intermittently, both from the streams flowing across the desert from the north and from the south (via the [[Manasi River|Manas River]]). Due to the increasing water diversion for irrigation and other human needs, as well as geological processes, the Alan Nur has fully dried out, and the Manas Lake is in a fairly precarious situation as well.<ref name=arid>{{citation|journal=Journal of Arid Land|year=2010|volume=2|issue=3|pages=167–173|title=Tectonic geomorphological characteristics for evolution of the Manas Lake |
Historically, the large Alan Nur and [[Manas Lake]] were located in the desert southwestern part of the county; they received water, at least intermittently, both from the streams flowing across the desert from the north and from the south (via the [[Manasi River|Manas River]]). Due to the increasing water diversion for irrigation and other human needs, as well as geological processes, the Alan Nur has fully dried out, and the Manas Lake is in a fairly precarious situation as well.<ref name=arid>{{citation|journal=Journal of Arid Land|year=2010|volume=2|issue=3|pages=167–173|title=Tectonic geomorphological characteristics for evolution of the Manas Lake |
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| |
|first1=Yonghui|last1=Yao|first2=Huiguo|last2=Li |
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|doi=10.3724/SP.J.1227.2010.00167|url=http://jal.xjegi.com/EN/article/downloadArticleFile.do?attachType=PDF&id=51|doi-access=free}}</ref> |
|doi=10.3724/SP.J.1227.2010.00167|url=http://jal.xjegi.com/EN/article/downloadArticleFile.do?attachType=PDF&id=51|doi-access=free}}</ref> |
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The [[Irtysh–Karamay Canal]], constructed around the turn of the 21st century, crosses the county's southeastern part; the canal's [[Fengcheng Reservoir]] is located on the county's border with [[Karamay City]]'s [[Urho District]]. |
The [[Irtysh–Karamay Canal]], constructed around the turn of the 21st century, crosses the county's southeastern part; the canal's [[Fengcheng Reservoir]] is located on the county's border with [[Karamay City]]'s [[Urho District]]. |
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A point situated some 30 miles ESE of [[Hoxtolgay]] Town is listed as the farthest point from the sea (at {{coord|46|16.8|N|86|40.2|E|}}) by the ''[[Guinness Book of World Records]]''. It is roughly 2646 kilometres away from the [[Arctic Ocean]] and a similar distance from the [[Bay of Bengal]] and the [[Arabian Sea]] (see [[Pole of inaccessibility#Continental|Continental Pole of Inaccessibility]] for other candidates). |
A point situated some 30 miles ESE of [[Hoxtolgay]] Town is listed as the farthest point from the sea (at {{coord|46|16.8|N|86|40.2|E|}}) by the ''[[Guinness Book of World Records]]''. It is roughly 2646 kilometres away from the [[Arctic Ocean]] and a similar distance from the [[Bay of Bengal]] and the [[Arabian Sea]] (see [[Pole of inaccessibility#Continental poles of inaccessibility|Continental Pole of Inaccessibility]] for other candidates). |
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The "record-setting" location of the county attracted the attention of advertisers for the [[Corona (beer)|Corona]] beer brand, who staged and documented a trip of a few residents of the village of Bulin (布林, {{coord|46|43|13|N|86|7|59|E|display=inline|region:CN-62_type:landmark}}), in Hoboksar County's |
The "record-setting" location of the county attracted the attention of advertisers for the [[Corona (beer)|Corona]] beer brand, who staged and documented a trip of a few residents of the village of Bulin (布林), {{coord|46|43|13|N|86|7|59|E|display=inline|region:CN-62_type:landmark}}), in Hoboksar County's Qagankol Township to the sea coast in [[Hainan Island]].<ref>Daniel Gilroy, [http://advertising.chinasmack.com/2011/corona-extra-a-journey-from-the-pole-of-inaccessibility.html Corona Extra: A Journey From ‘The Pole Of naccessibility’]. Here's the campaign's web site: http://www.coronaextra.eu/china/#/ {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121122110502/http://www.coronaextra.eu/china/#/ |date=2012-11-22 }}</ref> |
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==Administrative divisions== |
==Administrative divisions== |
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Hoboksar administered 2 [[Towns of China|towns]], 6 [[Townships of China|townships]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.stats.gov.cn/sj/tjbz/tjyqhdmhcxhfdm/2022/65/42/654226.html|script-title=zh:2022年统计用区划代码和城乡划分代码：和布克赛尔蒙古自治县|publisher=National Bureau of Statistics of China|date=|access-date=}}</ref> |
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Town ({{linktext|lang=zh-Hans|镇}}) |
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* Hoboksar Town ({{lang|zh-Hans|和布克赛尔镇}}), Hebutuoluogai ({{lang|zh-Hans|和什托洛盖镇}}) |
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Township ({{linktext|lang=zh-Hans|乡}}) |
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* Xiazigai Township ({{lang|zh-Hans|夏孜盖乡}}), Tiebukenwusan Township ({{lang|zh-Hans|铁布肯乌散乡}}), Chagankule Township ({{lang|zh-Hans|查干库勒乡}}), Bayinaopao Township ({{lang|zh-Hans|巴音敖包乡}}), Motege Township ({{lang|zh-Hans|莫特格乡}}) |
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{| class="wikitable" align="center" style="width:50%; border="1" |
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Others |
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*Yikewutubulage Ranch ({{lang|zh-Hans|伊克乌图布拉格牧场}}), Nareheuke Ranch ({{lang|zh-Hans|那仁和布克牧场}}), Bagawutubulage Ranch ({{lang|zh-Hans|巴嘎乌图布拉格牧场}}), Busitunge Ranch ({{lang|zh-Hans|布斯屯格牧场}}), XPCC No. 184 ({{lang|zh-Hans|兵团184团}}), Shajihai Mine ({{lang|zh-Hans|砂吉海矿区}}) |
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! Name |
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! Simplified Chinese |
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! Hanyu Pinyin |
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! [[Mongolian language|Mongolian]] ([[Mongolian script|Traditional]]) |
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! Mongolian ([[Mongolian Cyrillic alphabet|Cyrillic]]) |
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! [[Uyghur language|Uyghur]] ([[Uyghur Arabic script|UEY]]) |
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! Uyghur Latin ([[Uyghur Latin alphabet|ULY]]) |
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! [[Kazakh language|Kazakh]] (Arabic script) |
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! Kazakh (Cyrillic script) |
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! [[Administrative division codes of the People's Republic of China|Administrative division code]] |
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|- |
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| colspan="10" style="text-align:center; background:#d3d3d3;"|'''Towns''' |
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|---------- |
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| [[Hoboksar Town]] |
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| {{lang|zh-hans|和布克赛尔镇}} |
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| {{transl|zh|Hébùkèsài'ěr Zhèn}} |
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| {{MongolUnicode|ᠬᠣᠪᠣᠭᠰᠠᠶᠢᠷ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ|style=max-height:2.5em;text-align:left;word-wrap:normal}} |
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| {{lang|mn|Хувсайр балгас}} |
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| {{lang|ug|قوبۇقسار بازىرى}} |
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| {{transl|ug|qobuqsar baziri}} |
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| {{lang|kk|قوبىقسارى قالاشىعى}} |
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| {{transl|kk|Қобықсары қалашығы}} |
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| 654226100 |
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|- |
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| [[Hoxtolgay]] Town |
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| {{lang|zh-hans|和什托洛盖镇}} |
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| {{transl|zh|Héshítuōluògài Zhèn}} |
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| {{MongolUnicode|ᠬᠣᠣᠰᠲᠣᠯᠣᠭᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠤᠨ|style=max-height:3.5em;text-align:left;word-wrap:normal}} |
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| {{lang|mn|Хостолгой балгас}} |
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| {{lang|ug|قوشتولغاي بازىرى}} |
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| {{transl|ug|qoshtolghay baziri}} |
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| {{lang|kk|قوستولعاي قالاشىعى}} |
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| {{transl|kk|Қостолғай қалашығы}} |
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| 654226101 |
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|- |
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| colspan="10" style="text-align:center; background:#d3d3d3;"|'''Townships''' |
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|---------- |
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| [[Xazgat Township]] |
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| {{lang|zh-hans|夏孜盖乡}} |
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| {{transl|zh|Xiàzīgài Xiāng}} |
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| {{MongolUnicode|ᠱᠠᠭᠠᠵᠠᠭᠠᠢᠲᠤ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠩ|style=max-height:3.5em;text-align:left;word-wrap:normal}} |
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| {{lang|mn|Шаазгайт шиян}} |
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| {{lang|ug|شازغەت يېزىسى}} |
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| {{transl|ug|shazghet yëzisi}} |
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| {{lang|kk|شازعەت اۋىلى}} |
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| {{transl|kk|Шазғет ауылы}} |
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| 654226200 |
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|- |
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| [[Tebkinusan Township]] |
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| {{lang|zh-hans|铁布肯乌散乡}} |
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| {{transl|zh|Tiěbùkěnwūsàn Xiāng}} |
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| {{MongolUnicode|ᠲᠡᠪᠬᠡᠨ᠋ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠩ|style=max-height:2.5em;text-align:left;word-wrap:normal}} |
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| {{lang|mn|Дэвхөнөөсөн шиян}} |
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| {{lang|ug|تېبكىن ئۇسان يېزىسى}} |
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| {{transl|ug|tëbkin Usan yëzisi}} |
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| {{lang|kk|تەكپىسۋ اۋىلى}} |
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| {{transl|kk|Тәкпісу ауылы}} |
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| 654226201 |
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|- |
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| [[Qagankol Township]] |
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| {{lang|zh-hans|查干库勒乡}} |
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| {{transl|zh|Chágànkùlè Xiāng}} |
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| {{MongolUnicode|ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠭᠣᠤᠯ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠩ|style=max-height:2.5em;text-align:left;word-wrap:normal}} |
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| {{lang|mn|Цагаан гол шиян}} |
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| {{lang|ug|چاغانكۆل يېزىسى}} |
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| {{transl|ug|chaghanköl yëzisi}} |
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| {{lang|kk|شاعانكول اۋىلى}} |
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| {{transl|kk|Шағанкөл ауылы}} |
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| 654226202 |
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|- |
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| [[Bayan Obo Township]] |
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| {{lang|zh-hans|巴音傲瓦乡}} |
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| {{transl|zh|Bāyīn'àowǎ Xiāng}} |
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| {{MongolUnicode|ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨ᠋ᠣ᠋ᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠩ|style=max-height:2.5em;text-align:left;word-wrap:normal}} |
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| {{lang|mn|Баянөваа шиян}} |
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| {{lang|ug|بايىن ئاۋۋا يېزىسى}} |
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| {{transl|ug|bayin Awwa yëzisi}} |
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| {{lang|kk|بايىنوبا اۋىلى}} |
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| {{transl|kk|Байыноба ауылы}} |
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| 654226203 |
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|- |
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| [[Motge Township]] |
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| {{lang|zh-hans|莫特格乡}} |
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| {{transl|zh|Mòtègé Xiāng}} |
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| {{MongolUnicode|ᠮᠥᠲᠥᠭᠡᠢ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠩ|style=max-height:2.5em;text-align:left;word-wrap:normal}} |
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| {{lang|mn|Мөтүгэй шиян}} |
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| {{lang|ug|مۆتگې يېزىسى}} |
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| {{transl|ug|mötgë yëzisi}} |
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| {{lang|kk|موتكە اۋىلى}} |
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| {{transl|kk|Мөтке ауылы}} |
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| 654226204 |
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|- |
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| [[Qahat Township]] |
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| {{lang|zh-hans|查和特乡}} |
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| {{transl|zh|Cháhétè Xiāng}} |
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| {{MongolUnicode|ᠴᠠᠬᠠᠲᠤ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠩ|style=max-height:2.5em;text-align:left;word-wrap:normal}} |
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| {{lang|mn|Цахад шиян}} |
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| {{lang|ug|چاخېت يېزىسى}} |
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| {{transl|ug|chaxgët yëzisi}} |
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| {{lang|kk|شاعىتى اۋىلى}} |
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| {{transl|kk|Шағыты ауылы}} |
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| 654226205 |
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|- |
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|} |
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*Bag Urtubulag Ranch ({{lang|zh-Hans|巴嘎乌图布拉格牧场}}) (ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠤᠷᠲᠤᠪᠤᠯᠠᠭ ᠮᠠᠯᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ) (باغ ئۇتبۇلاق چارۋىچىلىق مەيدانى) (باق ۇتىنبۇلاق مال شارۋاشىلىعى الاڭىنداعى) |
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===Climate=== |
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*Bus Tungge Ranch ({{lang|zh-Hans|布斯屯格牧场}}) ({{lang-mn|ᠪᠦᠰᠡᠲᠦᠩᠭᠡ ᠮᠠᠯᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ}}) (بۈستۈڭگى چارۋىچىلىق مەيدانى) (بۇستۇڭگى مال شارۋاشىلىعى الاڭىنداعى) |
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{{Weather box |
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*Ih Urtubulag Ranch ({{lang|zh-Hans|伊克乌图布拉格牧场}}) ({{lang-mn|ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠤᠷᠲᠤᠪᠤᠯᠠᠭ ᠮᠠᠯᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ}}) (ئىك ئۇتبۇلاق چارۋىچىلىق مەيدانى) (ەكى ۇتىنبۇلاق مال شارۋاشىلىعى الاڭىنداعى) |
|||
|location = Hoboksar County (1971−2000) |
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* Narin Hobok Ranch ({{lang|zh-Hans|那仁和布克牧场}}) ({{lang-mn|ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠪᠣᠭ ᠮᠠᠯᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ}}) (نېرىن قوبىق چارۋىچىلىق مەيدانى) (نارىن قوبۇق مال شارۋاشىلىعى الاڭىنداعى) |
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|metric first = Y |
|||
*XPCC 184th Regiment ({{lang|zh-Hans|兵团一十八十四团}}) ({{lang-mn|184 ᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠸᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ}}) (184-تۇەن مەيدانى) (184-تۋان الاڭىنداعى) |
|||
|single line = Y |
|||
|collapsed = |
|||
|Jan high C = −6.1 |
|||
|Feb high C = −3.9 |
|||
|Mar high C = 2.0 |
|||
|Apr high C = 12.2 |
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|May high C = 19.0 |
|||
|Jun high C = 23.9 |
|||
|Jul high C = 25.6 |
|||
|Aug high C = 24.3 |
|||
|Sep high C = 18.5 |
|||
|Oct high C = 10.0 |
|||
|Nov high C = 0.8 |
|||
|Dec high C = −4.4 |
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==Climate== |
|||
|Jan low C = −16.8 |
|||
{{Weather box|width=auto |
|||
|Feb low C = −15.1 |
|||
|metric first=y |
|||
|Mar low C = -9.2 |
|||
|single line=y |
|||
|Apr low C = -0.3 |
|||
| |
|collapsed = Y |
||
|location = Hoboksar, elevation {{convert|1322|m|ft|abbr=on}}, (1991–2020 normals) |
|||
|Jun low C = 11.4 |
|||
|Jan record high C = 6.2 |Jan record low C = -29.1 |
|||
|Jul low C = 13.4 |
|||
|Feb record high C = 8.8 |Feb record low C = -28.5 |
|||
|Aug low C = 11.5 |
|||
|Mar record high C = 19.7 |Mar record low C = -24.1 |
|||
|Sep low C = 6.0 |
|||
|Apr record high C = 28.9 |Apr record low C = -17.3 |
|||
|Oct low C = -1.5 |
|||
|May record high C = 31.3 |May record low C = -6.5 |
|||
|Nov low C = -9.3 |
|||
| |
|Jun record high C = 33.9 |Jun record low C = 1.4 |
||
| |
|Jul record high C = 36.8 |Jul record low C = 5.3 |
||
| |
|Aug record high C = 34.7 |Aug record low C = -0.7 |
||
|Sep record high C = 31.7 |Sep record low C = -7.7 |
|||
|precipitation colour = green |
|||
|Oct record high C = 26.4 |Oct record low C = -16.7 |
|||
|Jan precipitation mm = 2.6 |
|||
|Nov record high C = 16.1 |Nov record low C = -31.1 |
|||
|Feb precipitation mm = 2.3 |
|||
|Dec record high C = 10.8 |Dec record low C = -32.0 |
|||
|Mar precipitation mm = 5.0 |
|||
|year high C = |year low C = |
|||
|Apr precipitation mm = 8.0 |
|||
|year high F = |year low F = |
|||
|May precipitation mm = 12.5 |
|||
| |
|Jan high C = -6.7 |
||
| |
|Feb high C = -3.4 |
||
| |
|Mar high C = 3.8 |
||
| |
|Apr high C = 13.3 |
||
| |
|May high C = 19.4 |
||
| |
|Jun high C = 24.4 |
||
| |
|Jul high C = 25.9 |
||
|Aug high C = 24.6 |
|||
|year precipitation mm= |
|||
|Sep high C = 18.6 |
|||
|unit precipitation days = 0.1 mm |
|||
| |
|Oct high C = 10.5 |
||
| |
|Nov high C = 1.1 |
||
| |
|Dec high C = -5.1 |
||
| |
|Jan mean C = -12.8 |
||
| |
|Feb mean C = -9.5 |
||
| |
|Mar mean C = -2.3 |
||
| |
|Apr mean C = 6.8 |
||
| |
|May mean C = 12.8 |
||
| |
|Jun mean C = 18.1 |
||
| |
|Jul mean C = 19.7 |
||
| |
|Aug mean C = 18.1 |
||
| |
|Sep mean C = 12.1 |
||
|Oct mean C = 4.3 |
|||
| |
|Nov mean C = -4.3 |
||
| |
|Dec mean C = -10.7 |
||
| |
|Jan low C = -16.9 |
||
| |
|Feb low C = -14.1 |
||
| |
|Mar low C = -7.1 |
||
| |
|Apr low C = 1.2 |
||
| |
|May low C = 6.8 |
||
| |
|Jun low C = 12.2 |
||
| |
|Jul low C = 14.1 |
||
| |
|Aug low C = 12.3 |
||
| |
|Sep low C = 6.5 |
||
| |
|Oct low C = -0.5 |
||
|Nov low C = -8.2 |
|||
|Dec low C = -14.6 |
|||
|Jan sun = 181.5 |Jan percentsun = 66 |
|||
|precipitation colour = green |
|||
|Feb sun = 198.0 |Feb percentsun = 69 |
|||
|Jan precipitation mm = 4.4 |
|||
|Mar sun = 253.1 |Mar percentsun = 69 |
|||
|Feb precipitation mm = 2.9 |
|||
|Apr sun = 273.6 |Apr percentsun = 68 |
|||
|Mar precipitation mm = 6.1 |
|||
|May sun = 297.7 |May percentsun = 64 |
|||
|Apr precipitation mm = 8.4 |
|||
|Jun sun = 291.4 |Jun percentsun = 62 |
|||
|May precipitation mm = 15.8 |
|||
|Jul sun = 300.2 |Jul percentsun = 63 |
|||
|Jun precipitation mm = 24.7 |
|||
|Aug sun = 299.1 |Aug percentsun = 68 |
|||
|Jul precipitation mm = 42.1 |
|||
|Sep sun = 271.3 |Sep percentsun = 72 |
|||
|Aug precipitation mm = 27.8 |
|||
|Oct sun = 226.3 |Oct percentsun = 67 |
|||
|Sep precipitation mm = 11.5 |
|||
|Nov sun = 170.6 |Nov percentsun = 61 |
|||
|Oct precipitation mm = 5.5 |
|||
|Dec sun = 155.1 |Dec percentsun = 58 |
|||
|Nov precipitation mm = 6.2 |
|||
|year percentsun= |
|||
|Dec precipitation mm = 4.6 |
|||
|source 1 = [http://old-cdc.cma.gov.cn/shuju/search1.jsp?dsid=SURF_CLI_CHN_MUL_MMON_19712000_CES&tpcat=SURF&type=table&pageid=3 China Meteorological Administration] |
|||
|Jan humidity = 65 |
|||
|Feb humidity = 63 |
|||
|Mar humidity = 57 |
|||
|Apr humidity = 46 |
|||
|May humidity = 42 |
|||
|Jun humidity = 45 |
|||
|Jul humidity = 49 |
|||
|Aug humidity = 47 |
|||
|Sep humidity = 47 |
|||
|Oct humidity = 54 |
|||
|Nov humidity = 64 |
|||
|Dec humidity = 67 |
|||
|unit precipitation days = 0.1 mm |
|||
|Jan precipitation days = 5.0 |
|||
|Feb precipitation days = 4.1 |
|||
|Mar precipitation days = 4.6 |
|||
|Apr precipitation days = 5.3 |
|||
|May precipitation days = 7.3 |
|||
|Jun precipitation days = 10.0 |
|||
|Jul precipitation days = 12.0 |
|||
|Aug precipitation days = 9.1 |
|||
|Sep precipitation days = 5.2 |
|||
|Oct precipitation days = 3.5 |
|||
|Nov precipitation days = 5.2 |
|||
|Dec precipitation days = 5.4 |
|||
|year precipitation days = |
|||
|Jan sun = 172.6 |
|||
|Feb sun = 188.7 |
|||
|Mar sun = 245.1 |
|||
|Apr sun = 265.5 |
|||
|May sun = 307.5 |
|||
|Jun sun = 290.9 |
|||
|Jul sun = 291.5 |
|||
|Aug sun = 292.2 |
|||
|Sep sun = 267.2 |
|||
|Oct sun = 227.7 |
|||
|Nov sun = 156.3 |
|||
|Dec sun = 144.8 |
|||
|year sun = |
|||
| Jan percentsun = 61 |
|||
| Feb percentsun = 63 |
|||
| Mar percentsun = 65 |
|||
| Apr percentsun = 64 |
|||
| May percentsun = 65 |
|||
| Jun percentsun = 62 |
|||
| Jul percentsun = 62 |
|||
| Aug percentsun = 68 |
|||
| Sep percentsun = 73 |
|||
| Oct percentsun = 69 |
|||
| Nov percentsun = 57 |
|||
| Dec percentsun = 55 |
|||
| year percentsun = |
|||
|Jan snow days = 8.1 |
|||
|Feb snow days = 7.1 |
|||
|Mar snow days = 7.1 |
|||
|Apr snow days = 2.5 |
|||
|May snow days = 0.4 |
|||
|Jun snow days = 0 |
|||
|Jul snow days = 0 |
|||
|Aug snow days = 0 |
|||
|Sep snow days = 0.3 |
|||
|Oct snow days = 2.8 |
|||
|Nov snow days = 7.6 |
|||
|Dec snow days = 9.2 |
|||
|year snow days = |
|||
|source 1 = [[China Meteorological Administration]]<ref name="cma graphical">{{cite web |url=http://data.cma.cn/data/weatherBk.html |script-title=zh:中国气象数据网 – WeatherBk Data |publisher=[[China Meteorological Administration]] |language = zh-hans |access-date=10 October 2023}}</ref><ref> |
|||
{{cite web|url=https://experience.arcgis.com/template/e724038fda394e9d9b7921f10fd1aa55/page/%E7%BA%AF%E8%A1%A8%E6%A0%BC%E7%BB%9F%E8%AE%A1-(%E5%AF%B9%E6%AF%948110%E5%8F%98%E5%8C%96)/?org=UQmaps |script-title=zh:中国气象数据网|publisher=[[China Meteorological Administration]] |language = zh-hans | access-date =10 October 2023}}</ref><ref name="CMA old"> |
|||
{{cite web|url=http://old-cdc.cma.gov.cn/shuju/search1.jsp?dsid=SURF_CLI_CHN_MUL_MMON_19712000_CES&tpcat=SURF&type=table&pageid=3 |script-title=zh:中国地面国际交换站气候标准值月值数据集（1971－2000年）|publisher=[[China Meteorological Administration]] |access-date=2010-05-25 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130921055035/http://old-cdc.cma.gov.cn/shuju/search1.jsp?dsid=SURF_CLI_CHN_MUL_MMON_19712000_CES&tpcat=SURF&type=table&pageid=3 |archive-date=2013-09-21 |
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}}</ref> |
|||
}} |
}} |
||
==Demographics== |
==Demographics== |
||
The [[Mongols in China|Chinese Mongols]] that live in [[Bayingolin Mongol Autonomous Prefecture|Bayingolin]] and Hoboksar come from varied origins. A majority are [[Torghut]]s, who speak the [[Oirat language]]. [[Chahar Mongols]] who immigrated from [[Inner Mongolia]] also live in Hoboksar and Bayingolin, and there are also [[Uriankhai]] Mongols, who are considered Mongols in China but [[Tuvans]] to some outside observers. A fair number of [[Daur people]] and [[Dongxiangs|Dongxiang people]] live in Hoboksar especially and they speak [[Mongolic languages]].<ref>{{cite book|title=China's Last Nomads: The History and Culture of China's Kazaks| |
The [[Mongols in China|Chinese Mongols]] that live in [[Bayingolin Mongol Autonomous Prefecture|Bayingolin]] and Hoboksar come from varied origins. A majority are [[Torghut]]s, who speak the [[Oirat language]]. [[Chahar Mongols]] who immigrated from [[Inner Mongolia]] also live in Hoboksar and Bayingolin, and there are also [[Uriankhai]] Mongols, who are considered Mongols in China but [[Tuvans]] to some outside observers. A fair number of [[Daur people]] and [[Dongxiangs|Dongxiang people]] live in Hoboksar especially and they speak [[Mongolic languages]].<ref>{{cite book|title=China's Last Nomads: The History and Culture of China's Kazaks|first1=Linda K.|last1=Benson|first2=Ingvar|last2=Svanberg|publisher=M.E. Sharpe|year=1998|page=25}}</ref> |
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==Culture== |
==Culture== |
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| Line 228: | Line 385: | ||
==Transportation== |
==Transportation== |
||
[[China National Highway 217]] and the new [[Kuytun–Beitun Railway]] both cross Hoboksar county along the same north–south corridor. There is daily passenger service at the [[Hoxtolgay]] station. |
[[China National Highway 217]] and the new [[Kuytun–Beitun Railway]] both cross Hoboksar county along the same north–south corridor. There is daily passenger service at the [[Hoxtolgay]] station. |
||
== Notes == |
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{{Notelist}} |
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==References== |
==References== |
||
{{ |
{{Reflist}} |
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==External links== |
==External links== |
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| Line 237: | Line 397: | ||
{{Xinjiang Administrative Divisions}} |
{{Xinjiang Administrative Divisions}} |
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{{Mongol autonomy in the People's Republic of China}} |
{{Mongol autonomy in the People's Republic of China}} |
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{{authority control}} |
{{authority control}} |
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Latest revision as of 13:51, 17 August 2024
Hoboksar County
Qobuqsar, Hefeng | |
|---|---|
Hoboksar Mongol Autonomous County ᠬᠣᠪᠣᠭᠰᠠᠶᠢᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ和布克赛尔蒙古自治县 قوبۇقسار موڭغۇل ئاپتونوم ناھىيىسى قوبىقسارى موڭعۇل اۆتونوميالىق اۋدانى ᡍᡆᡋᡇᡎᠰᠠᡅᠷ ᡏᡆᡊᡎᡆᠯ ᡄᡋᡄᠷᡄᡃᠨ ᠴᠠᠰᠠᡍᡇ ᠱᡅᡕᠠᠨ | |
 | |
  Hoboksar Location in Xinjiang  Hoboksar Hoboksar (Xinjiang)  Hoboksar Hoboksar (China) | |
| Coordinates: 46°47′N 85°43′E / 46.783°N 85.717°E | |
| Country | China |
| Autonomous region | Xinjiang |
| Prefecture | Tacheng |
| Township-level divisions | 2 towns and 5 townships |
| County seat | Hoboksar Town |
| Area | |
| • Total | 28,784 km2 (11,114 sq mi) |
| Population (2020)[1] | |
| • Total | 61,785 |
| • Density | 2.1/km2 (5.6/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+8 (China Standard[a]) |
| Postal code | 834400 |
| Area code | 0901 |
| Website | www |
| Hoboksar Mongol Autonomous County | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chinese name | |||||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 和布克赛尔蒙古自治县 | ||||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 和布克賽爾蒙古自治縣 | ||||||||
| |||||||||
| Alternative Chinese name | |||||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 和丰县 | ||||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 和豐縣 | ||||||||
| |||||||||
| Mongolian name | |||||||||
| Mongolian Cyrillic | Ховогсайр Монгол өөртөө засах шянь | ||||||||
| Mongolian script | ᠬᠣᠪᠣᠭᠰᠠᠶᠢᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ | ||||||||
| |||||||||
| Uyghur name | |||||||||
| Uyghur | قوبۇقسار | ||||||||
| |||||||||
| Kazakh name | |||||||||
| Kazakh | قوبىقسارى موڭعۇل اۆتونوميالىق اۋدانى Qobyqsary Moñğūl avtonomialy audany Қобықсары Моңғұл автономйалы ауданы | ||||||||
| Oirat name | |||||||||
| Oirat | ᡍᡆᡋᡆᡎᠰᠠᡅᠷᡅ ᡏᡆᡊᡎᡆᠯ ᡄᡋᡄᠷᡄᡃᠨ ᠴᠠᠰᠠᡍᡇ ᠱᡅᡕᠠᠨ Qoboγsairi mongγol ebereen zasaqu šiyan | ||||||||
Hoboksar (Chinese: 和布克赛尔蒙古自治县; pinyin: Hébùkèsài'ěr Měnggǔ Zìzhìxiàn), sometimes referred with the historic name Hefeng County (和丰县; Héfēng Xiàn), is an autonomous county for Mongol people in the middle north of Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, Western China, it is under the administration of Tacheng Prefecture. The county has an area of 28,784 km2 (11,114 sq mi) with a population of 62,100 (as of 2010 Census).[2] It has eight towns and townships and seven farms, Hoboksar Town is its county seat.[3]
Name
[edit]The name of Hoboksar (Ховогсайр) was individually referred to as "Hobok" (ховог) and "Sar" (сайр) from the Mongolian language. Hobok is Hobok River, it means "sika deer", the river was named after its river basin within huge amount of sika deer in the past. Sar is the Salair Mountains and it means horseback, the mountain was named after its shape like a horseback.[2]
History
[edit]At the latest starting from the Qing dynasty, the Saka people appeared in the place of present Hoboksar area. This was followed by the Usans and Xiongnu people.
The place was part of Usan Sate in the Western Han period. It was merged to the Rear Jushi Kingdom (車師後國) in the Eastern Han and Three Kingdoms periods. It was part of Xianbei during the Jin period, part of Rouran Khaganate, followed by the First Turkic Khaganate, Western Turkic Khaganate in the period of Northern and Southern dynasties. It was under the administration of Kunling Protectorate (崑陵都護府) of the Tang dynasty in 657, ruled by Karluks in 789, Uyghur Khaganate in 808, Kyrgyz Khaganate in 840 and Qara Khitai in 1127, it was merged to the Yuan dynasty in 1218, became the dominion of Ögedei Khan in 1225, then after that, the territory of Beshbalik Province (Beiting) and Almaliq Province in 1280, it was merged to Chagatai Khanate during 1324 - 1328.
It was part of Eastern Chagatai Khanate (Beshbalik Khaganate) in 1370, the herd land of the Oirats tribe in the 5th century. After Batur's succession to Khong Tayiji in 1636, he quickly unified the Oirats tribes in the North Xinjiang, with Hoboksar as the base camp. Batur built a castle five kilometers away southeast of the present county seat of Hoboksar Town between 1639 - 1643.[4]
The place of Hoboksar was under jurisdiction of Tarbaghatay Ministerial Attache (塔爾巴哈臺參贊大臣, under leadship of the General of Ili; "Tarbaghatay", the prensent Tacheng Prefecture) in 1758. The Torghut Tribe back far away from the south side of Russian Volga River, immigrated to Hoboksar in 1771.[2]
Hoxtolgay Xianzuo (和什托洛蓋縣佐, similar to a division under vice county magistrate; in the present Hoxtolgay Town) under jurisdiction of Shawan County, was formed in 1915 and it was transferred to Tacheng Circuit (塔城道) in 1916. Hoxtolgay Xianzuo was changed to Hoxtolgay Division (和什托洛蓋設治局) and the Hefeng Division (和豐設治局) was formed in 1941. Hefeng County (和豐縣) was organized in 1944 and its county seat is in the present Hoboksar Town. Hefeng County was renamed to Hoboksar Mongol Autonomous County on September 10, 1954.[5]
Geography
[edit]Hoboksar County is located south of the Tarbagatai-Saur mountain range and its northern part, where most of the county's population lives, receives some water from streams (such as the Baiyang River) flowing from the snow-capped mountains. The southeastern part of the county is in Gurbantünggüt Desert.
Historically, the large Alan Nur and Manas Lake were located in the desert southwestern part of the county; they received water, at least intermittently, both from the streams flowing across the desert from the north and from the south (via the Manas River). Due to the increasing water diversion for irrigation and other human needs, as well as geological processes, the Alan Nur has fully dried out, and the Manas Lake is in a fairly precarious situation as well.[6]
The Irtysh–Karamay Canal, constructed around the turn of the 21st century, crosses the county's southeastern part; the canal's Fengcheng Reservoir is located on the county's border with Karamay City's Urho District.
A point situated some 30 miles ESE of Hoxtolgay Town is listed as the farthest point from the sea (at 46°16.8′N 86°40.2′E / 46.2800°N 86.6700°E) by the Guinness Book of World Records. It is roughly 2646 kilometres away from the Arctic Ocean and a similar distance from the Bay of Bengal and the Arabian Sea (see Continental Pole of Inaccessibility for other candidates).
The "record-setting" location of the county attracted the attention of advertisers for the Corona beer brand, who staged and documented a trip of a few residents of the village of Bulin (布林), 46°43′13″N 86°7′59″E / 46.72028°N 86.13306°E), in Hoboksar County's Qagankol Township to the sea coast in Hainan Island.[7]
Administrative divisions
[edit]Hoboksar administered 2 towns, 6 townships.[8]
| Name | Simplified Chinese | Hanyu Pinyin | Mongolian (Traditional) | Mongolian (Cyrillic) | Uyghur (UEY) | Uyghur Latin (ULY) | Kazakh (Arabic script) | Kazakh (Cyrillic script) | Administrative division code |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Towns | |||||||||
| Hoboksar Town | 和布克赛尔镇 | Hébùkèsài'ěr Zhèn | ᠬᠣᠪᠣᠭᠰᠠᠶᠢᠷ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ | Хувсайр балгас | قوبۇقسار بازىرى | qobuqsar baziri | قوبىقسارى قالاشىعى | Қобықсары қалашығы | 654226100 |
| Hoxtolgay Town | 和什托洛盖镇 | Héshítuōluògài Zhèn | ᠬᠣᠣᠰᠲᠣᠯᠣᠭᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠤᠨ | Хостолгой балгас | قوشتولغاي بازىرى | qoshtolghay baziri | قوستولعاي قالاشىعى | Қостолғай қалашығы | 654226101 |
| Townships | |||||||||
| Xazgat Township | 夏孜盖乡 | Xiàzīgài Xiāng | ᠱᠠᠭᠠᠵᠠᠭᠠᠢᠲᠤ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠩ | Шаазгайт шиян | شازغەت يېزىسى | shazghet yëzisi | شازعەت اۋىلى | Шазғет ауылы | 654226200 |
| Tebkinusan Township | 铁布肯乌散乡 | Tiěbùkěnwūsàn Xiāng | ᠲᠡᠪᠬᠡᠨ᠋ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠩ | Дэвхөнөөсөн шиян | تېبكىن ئۇسان يېزىسى | tëbkin Usan yëzisi | تەكپىسۋ اۋىلى | Тәкпісу ауылы | 654226201 |
| Qagankol Township | 查干库勒乡 | Chágànkùlè Xiāng | ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠭᠣᠤᠯ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠩ | Цагаан гол шиян | چاغانكۆل يېزىسى | chaghanköl yëzisi | شاعانكول اۋىلى | Шағанкөл ауылы | 654226202 |
| Bayan Obo Township | 巴音傲瓦乡 | Bāyīn'àowǎ Xiāng | ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨ᠋ᠣ᠋ᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠩ | Баянөваа шиян | بايىن ئاۋۋا يېزىسى | bayin Awwa yëzisi | بايىنوبا اۋىلى | Байыноба ауылы | 654226203 |
| Motge Township | 莫特格乡 | Mòtègé Xiāng | ᠮᠥᠲᠥᠭᠡᠢ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠩ | Мөтүгэй шиян | مۆتگې يېزىسى | mötgë yëzisi | موتكە اۋىلى | Мөтке ауылы | 654226204 |
| Qahat Township | 查和特乡 | Cháhétè Xiāng | ᠴᠠᠬᠠᠲᠤ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠩ | Цахад шиян | چاخېت يېزىسى | chaxgët yëzisi | شاعىتى اۋىلى | Шағыты ауылы | 654226205 |
- Bag Urtubulag Ranch (巴嘎乌图布拉格牧场) (ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠤᠷᠲᠤᠪᠤᠯᠠᠭ ᠮᠠᠯᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ) (باغ ئۇتبۇلاق چارۋىچىلىق مەيدانى) (باق ۇتىنبۇلاق مال شارۋاشىلىعى الاڭىنداعى)
- Bus Tungge Ranch (布斯屯格牧场) (Mongolian: ᠪᠦᠰᠡᠲᠦᠩᠭᠡ ᠮᠠᠯᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ) (بۈستۈڭگى چارۋىچىلىق مەيدانى) (بۇستۇڭگى مال شارۋاشىلىعى الاڭىنداعى)
- Ih Urtubulag Ranch (伊克乌图布拉格牧场) (Mongolian: ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠤᠷᠲᠤᠪᠤᠯᠠᠭ ᠮᠠᠯᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ) (ئىك ئۇتبۇلاق چارۋىچىلىق مەيدانى) (ەكى ۇتىنبۇلاق مال شارۋاشىلىعى الاڭىنداعى)
- Narin Hobok Ranch (那仁和布克牧场) (Mongolian: ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠪᠣᠭ ᠮᠠᠯᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ) (نېرىن قوبىق چارۋىچىلىق مەيدانى) (نارىن قوبۇق مال شارۋاشىلىعى الاڭىنداعى)
- XPCC 184th Regiment (兵团一十八十四团) (Mongolian: 184 ᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠸᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ) (184-تۇەن مەيدانى) (184-تۋان الاڭىنداعى)
Climate
[edit]| Climate data for Hoboksar, elevation 1,322 m (4,337 ft), (1991–2020 normals) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 6.2 (43.2) |
8.8 (47.8) |
19.7 (67.5) |
28.9 (84.0) |
31.3 (88.3) |
33.9 (93.0) |
36.8 (98.2) |
34.7 (94.5) |
31.7 (89.1) |
26.4 (79.5) |
16.1 (61.0) |
10.8 (51.4) |
36.8 (98.2) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −6.7 (19.9) |
−3.4 (25.9) |
3.8 (38.8) |
13.3 (55.9) |
19.4 (66.9) |
24.4 (75.9) |
25.9 (78.6) |
24.6 (76.3) |
18.6 (65.5) |
10.5 (50.9) |
1.1 (34.0) |
−5.1 (22.8) |
10.5 (50.9) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −12.8 (9.0) |
−9.5 (14.9) |
−2.3 (27.9) |
6.8 (44.2) |
12.8 (55.0) |
18.1 (64.6) |
19.7 (67.5) |
18.1 (64.6) |
12.1 (53.8) |
4.3 (39.7) |
−4.3 (24.3) |
−10.7 (12.7) |
4.4 (39.9) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −16.9 (1.6) |
−14.1 (6.6) |
−7.1 (19.2) |
1.2 (34.2) |
6.8 (44.2) |
12.2 (54.0) |
14.1 (57.4) |
12.3 (54.1) |
6.5 (43.7) |
−0.5 (31.1) |
−8.2 (17.2) |
−14.6 (5.7) |
−0.7 (30.8) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −29.1 (−20.4) |
−28.5 (−19.3) |
−24.1 (−11.4) |
−17.3 (0.9) |
−6.5 (20.3) |
1.4 (34.5) |
5.3 (41.5) |
−0.7 (30.7) |
−7.7 (18.1) |
−16.7 (1.9) |
−31.1 (−24.0) |
−32.0 (−25.6) |
−32.0 (−25.6) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 4.4 (0.17) |
2.9 (0.11) |
6.1 (0.24) |
8.4 (0.33) |
15.8 (0.62) |
24.7 (0.97) |
42.1 (1.66) |
27.8 (1.09) |
11.5 (0.45) |
5.5 (0.22) |
6.2 (0.24) |
4.6 (0.18) |
160 (6.28) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 5.0 | 4.1 | 4.6 | 5.3 | 7.3 | 10.0 | 12.0 | 9.1 | 5.2 | 3.5 | 5.2 | 5.4 | 76.7 |
| Average snowy days | 8.1 | 7.1 | 7.1 | 2.5 | 0.4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.3 | 2.8 | 7.6 | 9.2 | 45.1 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 65 | 63 | 57 | 46 | 42 | 45 | 49 | 47 | 47 | 54 | 64 | 67 | 54 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 172.6 | 188.7 | 245.1 | 265.5 | 307.5 | 290.9 | 291.5 | 292.2 | 267.2 | 227.7 | 156.3 | 144.8 | 2,850 |
| Percent possible sunshine | 61 | 63 | 65 | 64 | 65 | 62 | 62 | 68 | 73 | 69 | 57 | 55 | 64 |
| Source: China Meteorological Administration[9][10][11] | |||||||||||||
Demographics
[edit]The Chinese Mongols that live in Bayingolin and Hoboksar come from varied origins. A majority are Torghuts, who speak the Oirat language. Chahar Mongols who immigrated from Inner Mongolia also live in Hoboksar and Bayingolin, and there are also Uriankhai Mongols, who are considered Mongols in China but Tuvans to some outside observers. A fair number of Daur people and Dongxiang people live in Hoboksar especially and they speak Mongolic languages.[12]
Culture
[edit]Hoboksar is traditionally considered the place of origin of the Epic of Jangar. The Jangar Culture and Art Palace (江格尔文化艺术宫) was opened in the county in 2014.[13][14]
Transportation
[edit]China National Highway 217 and the new Kuytun–Beitun Railway both cross Hoboksar county along the same north–south corridor. There is daily passenger service at the Hoxtolgay station.
Notes
[edit]- ^ Locals in Xinjiang frequently observe UTC+6 (Xinjiang Time), 2 hours behind Beijing.
References
[edit]- ^ Xinjiang: Prefectures, Cities, Districts and Counties
- ^ a b c 和布克赛尔县历史沿革. xzqh.org. 2014-12-04. Retrieved 2019-08-27.
- ^ 和布克赛尔县概况. xzqh.org. 2014-12-04. Retrieved 2019-08-27.
- ^ Haines, R Spencer (2016). "The Physical Remains of the Zunghar Legacy in Central Eurasia: Some Notes from the Field". Paper Presented at the Social and Environmental Changes on the Mongolian Plateau Workshop, Canberra, ACT, Australia. The Australian National University.
- ^ 和布克赛尔概况. Hoboksar.gov.cn. Retrieved 2019-08-27.
- ^ Yao, Yonghui; Li, Huiguo (2010), "Tectonic geomorphological characteristics for evolution of the Manas Lake", Journal of Arid Land, 2 (3): 167–173, doi:10.3724/SP.J.1227.2010.00167
- ^ Daniel Gilroy, Corona Extra: A Journey From ‘The Pole Of naccessibility’. Here's the campaign's web site: http://www.coronaextra.eu/china/#/ Archived 2012-11-22 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ 2022年统计用区划代码和城乡划分代码：和布克赛尔蒙古自治县. National Bureau of Statistics of China.
- ^ 中国气象数据网 – WeatherBk Data (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 10 October 2023.
- ^ 中国气象数据网 (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 10 October 2023.
- ^ 中国地面国际交换站气候标准值月值数据集（1971－2000年）. China Meteorological Administration. Archived from the original on 2013-09-21. Retrieved 2010-05-25.
- ^ Benson, Linda K.; Svanberg, Ingvar (1998). China's Last Nomads: The History and Culture of China's Kazaks. M.E. Sharpe. p. 25.
- ^ Jangar Palace Opens in Xinjiang’s Hoboksar Archived 2014-02-04 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ 世界最大的江格尔文化艺术宫建成投用
External links
[edit]- County government - official site (in Chinese)
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