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Coordinates: 36°20′3″N 36°50′39″E / 36.33417°N 36.84417°E / 36.33417; 36.84417
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| danger = 2013–present
| danger = 2013–present
| area = {{convert|12,290|ha|acre|abbr=on}}
| area = {{convert|12,290|ha|acre|abbr=on}}
| locmapin = Syria
| locmapin = Syria#West Asia
| map_caption =
| map_caption =
}}
}}
⚫
The '''Dead Cities''' ({{lang-ar|المدن الميتة}}) or '''Forgotten Cities''' ({{lang-ar|المدن المنسية}}) are a group of 700 abandoned settlements in northwest [[Syria]] between [[Aleppo]] and [[Idlib]]. Around 40 villages grouped in eight archaeological parks situated in north-western Syria provide an insight into rural life in [[Late Antiquity]] and during the [[Byzantine Empire|Byzantine period]]. Most of the villages, which date from the 1st to 7th centuries, were abandoned between the 8th and 10th centuries. The settlements feature the well-preserved architectural remains of dwellings, pagan temples, churches, cisterns, bathhouses etc. Important dead cities include the [[Church of Saint Simeon Stylites]], [[Serjilla]] and [[Bara, Syria|al Bara]].


⚫
The '''Dead Cities''' ({{langx|ar|المدن الميتة}}) or '''Forgotten Cities''' ({{langx|ar|المدن المنسية}}) are a group of 700 abandoned settlements in northwest [[Syria]] between [[Aleppo]] and [[Idlib]]. Around 40 villages grouped in eight archaeological parks situated in north-western Syria provide an insight into rural life in [[Late Antiquity]] and during the [[Byzantine Empire|Byzantine period]]. Most of the villages, which date from the 1st to 7th centuries, were abandoned between the 8th and 10th centuries. The settlements feature the well-preserved architectural remains of dwellings, pagan temples, churches, cisterns, bathhouses, etc. Important dead cities include the [[Church of Saint Simeon Stylites]], [[Serjilla|Dahis, Serjilla]], Ruweiha and [[Bara, Syria|al Bara]].
⚫
The Dead Cities are situated in an elevated area of limestone known as [[Limestone Massif]]. These ancient settlements cover an area {{convert|20|-|40|km|abbr=on}} wide and some {{convert|140|km|abbr=on}} long.<ref>Burns, Ross., Monuments of Syria: An Historical Guide, p.109</ref> The Massif includes three groups of highlands: the first is the northern group of [[Mount Simeon]] and [[Kurd Mountain|Mount Kurd]]; the second middle group is the group of [[Harim Mountains]]; the third southern group is the group of [[Zawiya Mountain]].

⚫
The Dead Cities are situated in an elevated area of limestone known as [[Limestone Massif]]. These ancient settlements cover an area {{convert|20|-|40|km|abbr=on}} wide and some {{convert|140|km|abbr=on}} long.<ref>Burns, Ross., Monuments of Syria: An Historical Guide, p. 109</ref> The Massif includes three groups of highlands: the first is the northern group of [[Mount Simeon]] and [[Kurd Mountain|Mount Kurd]]; the second middle group is the group of [[Harim Mountains]]; the third southern group is the group of [[Zawiya Mountain]].

⚫
== History ==
⚫
[[File:Karte Tote Städte in Syrien.png|thumb|left|upright=1.2|The location of Dead Cities in the northwestern parts of Syria]]


⚫
==History==
⚫
[[File:Karte Tote Städte in Syrien.png|thumb|upright=1.2|The location of Dead Cities in the northwestern parts of Syria]]
[[Chris Wickham]], in the authoritative survey of the post-Roman world, "[[Framing the Early Middle Ages]]" (2006) argues that these were settlements of prosperous peasants which have few or no specifically urban features. The impressive remains of domestic architecture are the result of the prosperity of peasants who benefited from a strong international trade in [[olive oil]] at the end of Antiquity.
[[Chris Wickham]], in the authoritative survey of the post-Roman world, "[[Framing the Early Middle Ages]]" (2006) argues that these were settlements of prosperous peasants which have few or no specifically urban features. The impressive remains of domestic architecture are the result of the prosperity of peasants who benefited from a strong international trade in [[olive oil]] at the end of Antiquity.


Another argument is that these were prosperous cities that flourished because they were located along major trade routes in the Byzantine Empire, and not merely prosperous peasant settlements. After conquest by the Arabs, the trade routes changed, and as a result these towns lost the majority of the business which fostered their economies. On this view, settlers eventually abandoned their towns and headed for other cities that were flourishing under the Arabs and the [[Umayyad]]s as increasing urbanisation took its toll.
Another argument is that these were prosperous cities that flourished because they were located along major trade routes in the Byzantine Empire, and not merely prosperous peasant settlements. After conquest by the Arabs, the trade routes changed, and as a result, these towns lost the majority of the business which fostered their economies. On this view, settlers eventually abandoned their towns and headed for other cities that were flourishing under the Arabs and the [[Umayyad]]s as increasing urbanisation took its toll.


The ancient villages of the Dead Cities illustrate the transition from the ancient pagan world of the [[Roman Empire]] to Byzantine Christianity.
The ancient villages of the Dead Cities illustrate the transition from the ancient pagan world of the [[Roman Empire]] to Byzantine Christianity.


The Dead Cites were inscribed as a [[UNESCO]] [[World Heritage Site]] in 2011, under the name of "Ancient Villages of Northern Syria".<ref>{{cite web|url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1348|title=Ancient Villages of Northern Syria|author=UNESCO |access-date=2011-10-30}}</ref>
The Dead Cites were inscribed as a [[UNESCO]] [[World Heritage Site]] in 2011, under the name of "Ancient Villages of Northern Syria".<ref>{{cite web|url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1348|title=Ancient Villages of Northern Syria|author=UNESCO |access-date=2011-10-30}}</ref> The Dead Cities were the 1348th site to be added to UNESCO's World Heritage Site list. The Dead Cities have been on the Endangered UNESCO list since 2013, meaning the site was not endangered for only two years.

Before the [[Syrian Civil War]] most sites had become easily accessible, the majority of the dead cities were well-preserved and tourists could access the sites quite freely, though some of the Dead Cities are quite difficult to reach without a guide (there is a guidebook by Abdallah Hadjar with a detailed map that is useful for finding the lesser known sites; ''The Church of St Simeon Stylites and Other Archaeological Sites in the Mountains of Simeon and Halaqa''. However, the Syrian Civil War has caused Syrian refugees to flee to these sites in hopes of finding shelter.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Hubbard |first=Ben |orig-date=April 19, 2021 |date=February 15, 2022 |title=Fleeing a Modern War, Syrians Seek Refuge in Ancient Ruins |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/04/19/world/middleeast/fleeing-a-modern-war-syrians-seek-refuge-in-ancient-ruins.html |work=The New York Times}}</ref> In various areas, refugees have repurposed the stone ruins located on these sites to rebuild their livelihoods.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.newarab.com/analysis/how-france-cracking-down-solidarity-palestine |title=Roman ruins become home for Syrian refugees |publisher=The New Arab |date=9 February 2015}}</ref>


⚫
== Archeological sites ==
Before the [[Syrian Civil War]] most sites had become easily accessible, the majority of the dead cities were well-preserved and tourists could access the sites quite freely, though some of the Dead Cities are quite difficult to reach without a guide (there is a guidebook by Abdallah Hadjar with a detailed map that is useful for finding the lesser known sites; ''The Church of St Simeon Stylites and Other Archaeological Sites in the Mountains of Simeon and Halaqa''.
⚫
Dead cities and [[archeological sites]] in '''[[Limestone Massif]]''' include [[Church of Saint Simeon Stylites]], [[Serjilla]], [[Bara, Syria|Bara]], [[Basufan]], [[Barisha, Harem District|Barisha]], [[Qalb Loze]], [[Barad, Syria|Barad]], [[Cyrrhus]], [[Turmanin]], [[Banabil]], [[Kafr Aruq]], [[Kafr Dariyan]], [[Babuline]], [[Hazarin]], [[Jarada]], [[Maghara]], [[Shinan, Syria|Shinan]], [[Farkya]], [[Ein Laruz]], [[Ebla]], [[Deir Sunbul, Idlib|Deir Sunbul]], [[Al-Dana, Maarrat al-Nu'man|Al-Dana]], [[Sarmada]] and [[Al-Dana, Syria|Al-Dana]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.syriaphotoguide.com/home/ |title=Syria Photo Guide |access-date=2017-02-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170514025537/http://www.syriaphotoguide.com/home/ |archive-date=2017-05-14 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.dgam.gov.sy/damages/Homepage.php |title=الخارطة التفاعلية للمواقع الأثرية المتضررة |website=www.dgam.gov.sy |access-date=October 27, 2019 |archive-date=July 15, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200715031835/http://www.dgam.gov.sy/damages/Homepage.php |url-status=dead}}</ref>


⚫
==Archeological sites==
⚫
Dead cities and [[archeological sites]] in '''[[Limestone Massif]]''' include [[Church of Saint Simeon Stylites]], [[Serjilla]], [[Bara, Syria|Bara]], [[Basufan]], [[Barisha, Harem District|Barisha]], [[Qalb Loze]], [[Barad, Syria|Barad]], [[Cyrrhus]], [[Turmanin]], [[Banabil]], [[Kafr Aruq]], [[Kafr Dariyan]], [[Babuline]], [[Hazarin]], [[Jarada]], [[Maghara]], [[Shinan, Syria|Shinan]], [[Farkya]], [[Ein Laruz]], [[Ebla]], [[Deir Sunbul, Idlib|Deir Sunbul]], [[Al-Dana, Maarrat al-Nu'man|Al-Dana]], [[Sarmada]] and [[Al-Dana, Syria|Al-Dana]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.syriaphotoguide.com/home/ |title=Syria Photo Guide |access-date=2017-02-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170514025537/http://www.syriaphotoguide.com/home/ |archive-date=2017-05-14 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.dgam.gov.sy/damages/Homepage.php|title=الخارطة التفاعلية للمواقع الأثرية المتضررة|website=www.dgam.gov.sy|access-date=October 27, 2019|archive-date=July 15, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200715031835/http://www.dgam.gov.sy/damages/Homepage.php|url-status=dead}}</ref>
===[[Mount Simeon]], [[Kurd Mountain|Mount Kurd]] and Mount Ḥalqa===
===[[Mount Simeon]], [[Kurd Mountain|Mount Kurd]] and Mount Ḥalqa===
{| class="wikitable sortable" width="100%"
{| class="wikitable sortable" width="100%"
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! class="unsortable" | Notes
! class="unsortable" | Notes
|-
|-
| [[Barad, Syria|Barad]]<br/>({{lang-ar|براد}})
| [[Barad, Syria|Barad]]<br/>({{langx|ar|براد}})
| [[File:Brad_Northern_Basilica.jpg|235px]]
| [[File:Brad_Northern_Basilica.jpg|235px]]
| {{Coord|36|23|8|N|36|53|57|E|name=Barad, Syria}}
| {{Coord|36|23|8|N|36|53|57|E|name=Barad, Syria}}
Line 62: Line 65:
| An ancient settlement, located {{convert|32|km|0|abbr=on}} west of Aleppo, has many old basilicas; for example, the [[Julian of Antioch|Saint Julianus]] Maronite monastery (399-402 AD) where the shrine of [[Maron|Saint Maron]] is located, and a basilica at the northern part of the village built in 561.
| An ancient settlement, located {{convert|32|km|0|abbr=on}} west of Aleppo, has many old basilicas; for example, the [[Julian of Antioch|Saint Julianus]] Maronite monastery (399-402 AD) where the shrine of [[Maron|Saint Maron]] is located, and a basilica at the northern part of the village built in 561.
|-
|-
| Barjaka or Burj Suleiman village<br/>({{lang-ar|برجكة}})
| Barjaka or Burj Suleiman village<br/>({{langx|ar|برجكة}})
| [[File:Barjakah chapel Aleppo.jpg|235px]]
| [[File:Barjakah chapel Aleppo.jpg|235px]]
| {{Coord|36|19|25.80|N|36|53|35.71|E|name=Barjaka}}
| {{Coord|36|19|25.80|N|36|53|35.71|E|name=Barjaka}}
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| Located {{convert|26|km|0|abbr=on}} northwest of Aleppo. The site has remnants of an old hermit tower and a well-preserved chapel from the 6th century.
| Located {{convert|26|km|0|abbr=on}} northwest of Aleppo. The site has remnants of an old hermit tower and a well-preserved chapel from the 6th century.
|-
|-
| [[Basufan]]<br/>({{lang-ar|باصوفان}})
| [[Basufan]]<br/>({{langx|ar|باصوفان}})
| [[File:Basufan_Church_of_St._Phocas_-_Apse_and_arch_of_Prothesis_-_Corinthian_columns_with_spiral_fluting_and_wind_blown_capital._Kurdish_man_seated_in_foreground.jpg|235px]]
| [[File:Basufan_Church_of_St._Phocas_-_Apse_and_arch_of_Prothesis_-_Corinthian_columns_with_spiral_fluting_and_wind_blown_capital._Kurdish_man_seated_in_foreground.jpg|235px]]
| {{Coord|36|20|26.69|N|36|52|33.11|E|name=Basufan}}
| {{Coord|36|20|26.69|N|36|52|33.11|E|name=Basufan}}
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|
|
|-
|-
| [[Batuta, Syria|Batuta]]<br/>({{lang-ar|بطوطة}})
| [[Batuta, Syria|Batuta]]<br/>({{langx|ar|بطوطة}})
| [[File:Church, Batuta (باطوطة), Syria - West facade and triumphal arch, from the northwest - PHBZ024 2016 6183 - Dumbarton Oaks.jpg|235px]]
| [[File:Church, Batuta (باطوطة), Syria - West facade and triumphal arch, from the northwest - PHBZ024 2016 6183 - Dumbarton Oaks.jpg|235px]]
| {{Coord|36|18|21|N|36|53|14|E|name=Batuta}}
| {{Coord|36|18|21|N|36|53|14|E|name=Batuta}}
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|Village founded in the 4th century CE. By the 6th century, it had two churches and more than twelve other stone buildings.
|Village founded in the 4th century CE. By the 6th century, it had two churches and more than twelve other stone buildings.
|-
|-
| Baziher<br/>({{lang-ar|بازيهر}})
| Baziher<br/>({{langx|ar|بازيهر}})
|
|
| {{Coord|36|19|7|N|36|52|29|E|name=Baziher}}
| {{Coord|36|19|7|N|36|52|29|E|name=Baziher}}
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|
|
|-
|-
| Benastur Monastery<br/>({{lang-ar|بنستور}})
| Benastur Monastery<br/>({{langx|ar|بنستور}})
| [[File:Banastur (بنستور), Syria - Tower, looking east - PHBZ024 2016 7847 - Dumbarton Oaks.jpg|235px]]
| [[File:Banastur (بنستور), Syria - Tower, looking east - PHBZ024 2016 7847 - Dumbarton Oaks.jpg|235px]]
| {{Coord|36|18|12.00|N|36|55|23.00|E|name=Benastur}}
| {{Coord|36|18|12.00|N|36|55|23.00|E|name=Benastur}}
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|
|
|-
|-
| Churches of Sheikh Suleiman village<br/>({{lang-ar|كنائس شيخ سليمان}})
| Churches of Sheikh Suleiman village<br/>({{langx|ar|كنائس شيخ سليمان}})
| [[File:Church of the Virgin, Sheikh Suleiman (شيخ سليمان), Syria - View from the southwest - PHBZ024 2016 6587 - Dumbarton Oaks.jpg|235px]]
| [[File:Church of the Virgin, Sheikh Suleiman (شيخ سليمان), Syria - View from the southwest - PHBZ024 2016 6587 - Dumbarton Oaks.jpg|235px]]
| {{Coord|36|16|24.00|N|36|54|36.00|E|name=Sheikh Suleiman}}
| {{Coord|36|16|24.00|N|36|54|36.00|E|name=Sheikh Suleiman}}
| [[Aleppo Governorate|Aleppo]]
| [[Aleppo Governorate|Aleppo]]
| Located {{convert|28|km|0|abbr=on}} west of Aleppo, is notable for its three ancient churches: a ruined church located at the centre of the village, a well-preserved southern basilica which was built in 602, and the Church of the Virgin Mary which belongs to the late fifth century and is considered one of the most beautiful churches in northern Syria.<ref>{{cite news|newspaper=Jamahir News |title=Walking through the ruins |url=http://jamahir.alwehda.gov.sy/__archives.asp?FileName=62952586020091015001251 |language=ar |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120308221738/http://jamahir.alwehda.gov.sy/__archives.asp?FileName=62952586020091015001251 |archive-date=2012-03-08 }}</ref> There is a hermit tower in the northern side of the village.
| Located {{convert|28|km|0|abbr=on}} west of Aleppo, is notable for its three ancient churches: a ruined church located at the centre of the village, a well-preserved southern basilica which was built in 602, and the Church of the Virgin Mary which belongs to the late fifth century and is considered one of the most beautiful churches in northern Syria.<ref>{{cite news |newspaper=Jamahir News |title=Walking through the ruins |url=http://jamahir.alwehda.gov.sy/__archives.asp?FileName=62952586020091015001251 |language=ar |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120308221738/http://jamahir.alwehda.gov.sy/__archives.asp?FileName=62952586020091015001251 |archive-date=2012-03-08}}</ref> There is a hermit tower in the northern side of the village.
|-
|-
| [[Church of Saint Simeon Stylites]] (Deir Semaan)<br/>({{lang-ar|دير سمعان}})
| [[Church of Saint Simeon Stylites]] (Deir Semaan)<br/>({{langx|ar|دير سمعان}})
| [[File:Church_of_Saint_Simeon_Stylites_17.jpg|235px]]
| [[File:Church_of_Saint_Simeon_Stylites_17.jpg|235px]]
| {{Coord|36|19|35.00|N|36|50|01.00|E|name=Deir Semaan}}
| {{Coord|36|19|35.00|N|36|50|01.00|E|name=Deir Semaan}}
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| One of the most celebrated ecclesiastical monuments in Syria and among the oldest standing Christian churches in the world. It is located about {{convert|35|km|0|abbr=on}} northwest of Aleppo.
| One of the most celebrated ecclesiastical monuments in Syria and among the oldest standing Christian churches in the world. It is located about {{convert|35|km|0|abbr=on}} northwest of Aleppo.
|-
|-
| [[Cyrrhus]]<br/>({{lang-ar|سيروس – نبي هوري}})
| [[Cyrrhus]]<br/>({{langx|ar|سيروس – نبي هوري}})
| [[File:Nebi_HuriNorth.jpg|235px]]
| [[File:Nebi_HuriNorth.jpg|235px]]
| {{Coord|36|44|39|N|36|57|33|E|name=Cyrrhus}}
| {{Coord|36|44|39|N|36|57|33|E|name=Cyrrhus}}
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| An ancient city located {{convert|65|km|0|abbr=on}} north of Aleppo, is the site of [[Saints Cosmas and Damian]] Church (commonly known as Nabi Houri church), as well as a Roman amphitheatre and two old Roman bridges.
| An ancient city located {{convert|65|km|0|abbr=on}} north of Aleppo, is the site of [[Saints Cosmas and Damian]] Church (commonly known as Nabi Houri church), as well as a Roman amphitheatre and two old Roman bridges.
|-
|-
| Deir Amman churches<br/>({{lang-ar|دير عمان}})
| Deir Amman churches<br/>({{langx|ar|دير عمان}})
|
|
| {{Coord|36|12|8|N|36|49|18|E|name=Deir Amman}}
| {{Coord|36|12|8|N|36|49|18|E|name=Deir Amman}}
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|
|
|-
|-
| Deir Mishmish Church<br/>({{lang-ar|كنيسة دير مشمش}})
| Deir Mishmish Church<br/>({{langx|ar|كنيسة دير مشمش}})
| [[File:Church, Deir Mishmish (دير مشمش), Syria - View from the south - PHBZ024 2016 6465 - Dumbarton Oaks.jpg|235px]]
| [[File:Church, Deir Mishmish (دير مشمش), Syria - View from the south - PHBZ024 2016 6465 - Dumbarton Oaks.jpg|235px]]
| {{Coord|36|27|47|N|36|55|1|E|name=Deir Mishmish}}
| {{Coord|36|27|47|N|36|55|1|E|name=Deir Mishmish}}
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|
|
|-
|-
| [[Turmanin|Deir Turmanin]]<br/>({{lang-ar|دير ترمانين}})
| [[Turmanin|Deir Turmanin]]<br/>({{langx|ar|دير ترمانين}})
| [[File:Church_of_Turmanin.png|235px]]
| [[File:Church_of_Turmanin.png|235px]]
| {{Coord|36|14|30|N|36|49|24|E|name=Deir Turmanin}}
| {{Coord|36|14|30|N|36|49|24|E|name=Deir Turmanin}}
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|The ruins of the Byzantine monastery of Deir Turmanin are built around a paved courtyard containing two cisterns, a sarcophagus and several tombs. They include a building that housed the monks' dormitories, and the large basilica built around 480 AD.
|The ruins of the Byzantine monastery of Deir Turmanin are built around a paved courtyard containing two cisterns, a sarcophagus and several tombs. They include a building that housed the monks' dormitories, and the large basilica built around 480 AD.
|-
|-
| [[Fafertin]] Church<br/>({{lang-ar|كنيسة فافرتين}})
| [[Fafertin]] Church<br/>({{langx|ar|كنيسة فافرتين}})
| [[File:Church, Fafertin (فافرتين), Syria - View of sanctuary apse with diaconicon to the north - PHBZ024 2016 1731 - Dumbarton Oaks.jpg|235px]]
| [[File:Church, Fafertin (فافرتين), Syria - View of sanctuary apse with diaconicon to the north - PHBZ024 2016 1731 - Dumbarton Oaks.jpg|235px]]
| {{Coord|36|19|13.79|N|36|54|26.41|E|name=Fafertin}}
| {{Coord|36|19|13.79|N|36|54|26.41|E|name=Fafertin}}
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| A half-ruined Late Roman basilica dates to 372 AD; it is located {{convert|22|km|0|abbr=on}} northwest of Aleppo. According to the Aleppine historian Abdallah Hajjar, Fafertin Basilica is among the oldest dated churches in the world.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.esyria.sy/ealeppo/index.php?p=stories&category=ruins&filename=200906131500074 |title=Aleppo Fafertin Church |publisher=Esyria.sy |access-date=2013-06-10}}</ref>
| A half-ruined Late Roman basilica dates to 372 AD; it is located {{convert|22|km|0|abbr=on}} northwest of Aleppo. According to the Aleppine historian Abdallah Hajjar, Fafertin Basilica is among the oldest dated churches in the world.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.esyria.sy/ealeppo/index.php?p=stories&category=ruins&filename=200906131500074 |title=Aleppo Fafertin Church |publisher=Esyria.sy |access-date=2013-06-10}}</ref>
|-
|-
| Kafr Kira settlement in Burj Heidar village<br/>({{lang-ar|كفر كيرا في برج حيدر}})
| Kafr Kira settlement in Burj Heidar village<br/>({{langx|ar|كفر كيرا في برج حيدر}})
|[[File:West Church, Burj Haidar (برج حيدر), Syria - Nave colonnades, view from southwest - PHBZ024 2016 6041 - Dumbarton Oaks.jpg|alt=West Church, Burj Haidar (برج حيدر), Syria - Nave colonnades, view from southwest|235px]]
|[[File:West Church, Burj Haidar (برج حيدر), Syria - Nave colonnades, view from southwest - PHBZ024 2016 6041 - Dumbarton Oaks.jpg|alt=West Church, Burj Haidar (برج حيدر), Syria - Nave colonnades, view from southwest|235px]]
| {{Coord|36|20|36.05|N|36|54|09.08|E|name=Kafr Kira}}
| {{Coord|36|20|36.05|N|36|54|09.08|E|name=Kafr Kira}}
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| Located {{convert|24|km|0|abbr=on}} northwest of Aleppo, has many half-ruined Christian structures dating back to the fourth and sixth centuries.
| Located {{convert|24|km|0|abbr=on}} northwest of Aleppo, has many half-ruined Christian structures dating back to the fourth and sixth centuries.
|-
|-
| Kafr Lab<br/>({{lang-ar|كفر لاب}})
| Kafr Lab<br/>({{langx|ar|كفر لاب}})
|
|
| {{Coord|36|20|08.09|N|36|53|26.79|E|name=Kafr Lab}}
| {{Coord|36|20|08.09|N|36|53|26.79|E|name=Kafr Lab}}
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|
|
|-
|-
| Kafr Lusein<br/>({{lang-ar|كفر لوسين}})
| Kafr Lusein<br/>({{langx|ar|كفر لوسين}})
|
|
| {{Coord|36|15|19.88|N|36|42|42.03|E|name=Kafr Lusein}}
| {{Coord|36|15|19.88|N|36|42|42.03|E|name=Kafr Lusein}}
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|
|
|-
|-
| [[Kafr Nabu]]<br/>({{lang-ar|كفر نابو}})
| [[Kafr Nabu]]<br/>({{langx|ar|كفر نابو}})
| [[File:Inn, Kafr Nabo (كفر نابو), Syria - South facade from the southeast - PHBZ024 2016 8529 - Dumbarton Oaks.jpg|235px]]
| [[File:Inn, Kafr Nabo (كفر نابو), Syria - South facade from the southeast - PHBZ024 2016 8529 - Dumbarton Oaks.jpg|235px]]
| {{Coord|36|21|36.54|N|36|54|28.88|E|name=Kafr Nabu}}
| {{Coord|36|21|36.54|N|36|54|28.88|E|name=Kafr Nabu}}
Line 158: Line 161:
| Located {{convert|29|km|0|abbr=on}} west of Aleppo, is an Assyrian settlement of the ninth century BC and the site of a Roman temple which was converted into a church. There are also well-preserved residential buildings from the fifth and sixth centuries.
| Located {{convert|29|km|0|abbr=on}} west of Aleppo, is an Assyrian settlement of the ninth century BC and the site of a Roman temple which was converted into a church. There are also well-preserved residential buildings from the fifth and sixth centuries.
|-
|-
| [[Kalota, Syria|Kalota]] Castle and churches<br/>({{lang-ar|كالوطة}})
| [[Kalota, Syria|Kalota]] Castle and churches<br/>({{langx|ar|كالوطة}})
|[[File:East Church, Kalota, Syria - Nave looking east - PHBZ024 2016 7684 - Dumbarton Oaks.jpg|alt=East Church, Kalota, Syria - Nave looking east|235px]]
|[[File:East Church, Kalota, Syria - Nave looking east - PHBZ024 2016 7684 - Dumbarton Oaks.jpg|alt=East Church, Kalota, Syria - Nave looking east|235px]]
| {{Coord|36|21|18.22|N|36|56|33.51|E|name=Kalota}}
| {{Coord|36|21|18.22|N|36|56|33.51|E|name=Kalota}}
| [[Aleppo Governorate|Aleppo]]
| [[Aleppo Governorate|Aleppo]]
| Located 20&nbsp;km northwest of Aleppo. The castle was originally built as a Roman temple during the 2nd century AD. After converting to [[Christianity]], the temple was turned into a basilica within the 5th century.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.esyria.sy/ealeppo/index.php?p=stories&category=ruins&filename=200909161210011e |title=Aleppo: Kalota village |publisher=Esyria.sy |access-date=2013-06-10 |archive-date=2016-08-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160823013618/http://www.esyria.sy/ealeppo/index.php?p=stories&category=ruins&filename=200909161210011e |url-status=dead }}</ref> As a result of the wars between the [[Hamdanid dynasty|Hamadanids]] and the [[Byzantine Empire]], the church was turned into a castle during the 10th century.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.qenshrin.com/church/church.php?id=221 |title=Kalota Church |publisher=Qenshrin |access-date=2013-06-10}}</ref> There are two well-preserved churches near the castle: the eastern church built in 492 and the western church of the 6th century.
| Located 20 km northwest of Aleppo. The castle was originally built as a Roman temple during the 2nd century AD. After converting to [[Christianity]], the temple was turned into a basilica within the 5th century.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.esyria.sy/ealeppo/index.php?p=stories&category=ruins&filename=200909161210011e |title=Aleppo: Kalota village |publisher=Esyria.sy |access-date=2013-06-10 |archive-date=2016-08-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160823013618/http://www.esyria.sy/ealeppo/index.php?p=stories&category=ruins&filename=200909161210011e |url-status=dead}}</ref> As a result of the wars between the [[Hamdanid dynasty|Hamadanids]] and the [[Byzantine Empire]], the church was turned into a castle during the 10th century.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.qenshrin.com/church/church.php?id=221 |title=Kalota Church |publisher=Qenshrin |access-date=2013-06-10}}</ref> There are two well-preserved churches near the castle: the eastern church built in 492 and the western church of the 6th century.
|-
|-
| Kharab Shams Basilica<br/>({{lang-ar|خرب شمس}})
| Kharab Shams Basilica<br/>({{langx|ar|خرب شمس}})
| [[File:Kharab Shams Basilica, Dead Cities region, NW Syria.jpg|235px]]
| [[File:Kharab Shams Basilica, Dead Cities region, NW Syria.jpg|235px]]
| {{Coord|36|20|22.0|N|36|56|34.0|E|name=Kharab Shams Basilica}}
| {{Coord|36|20|22.0|N|36|56|34.0|E|name=Kharab Shams Basilica}}
| [[Aleppo Governorate|Aleppo]]
| [[Aleppo Governorate|Aleppo]]
| One of the oldest best-preserved Christian structures in the Levant dates to the fourth century CE.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.esyria.sy/ealeppo/index.php?p=stories&category=ruins&filename=200812270845011 |title=Kharab Shams in history |publisher=Esyria.sy |date=2008-12-13 |access-date=2013-06-10}}</ref> The Byzantine church is located {{convert|21|km|0|abbr=on}} northwest of Aleppo.
| One of the oldest best-preserved Christian structures in the Levant dates to the fourth century CE.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.esyria.sy/ealeppo/index.php?p=stories&category=ruins&filename=200812270845011 |title=Kharab Shams in history |publisher=Esyria.sy |date=2008-12-13 |access-date=2013-06-10}}</ref> The Byzantine church is located {{convert|21|km|0|abbr=on}} northwest of Aleppo.
|-
|-
| [[Kimar, Syria|Kimar]], near ''Basuta'' village<br/>({{lang-ar|كيمار}})
| [[Kimar, Syria|Kimar]], near ''Basuta'' village<br/>({{langx|ar|كيمار}})
| [[File:East Church, Kimar, Syria - View of apse from west - PHBZ024 2016 6281 - Dumbarton Oaks.jpg|alt=East Church, Kimar, Syria - View of apse from west|235px]]
| [[File:East Church, Kimar, Syria - View of apse from west - PHBZ024 2016 6281 - Dumbarton Oaks.jpg|alt=East Church, Kimar, Syria - View of apse from west|235px]]
| {{Coord|36|25|25.3|N|36|53|45.4|E|name=Kimar}}
| {{Coord|36|25|25.3|N|36|53|45.4|E|name=Kimar}}
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| Located {{convert|35|km|0|abbr=on}} northwest of Aleppo, is a fifth-century CE village of the Late Roman and Byzantine eras; it has many well-preserved churches, towers and old water cisterns.
| Located {{convert|35|km|0|abbr=on}} northwest of Aleppo, is a fifth-century CE village of the Late Roman and Byzantine eras; it has many well-preserved churches, towers and old water cisterns.
|-
|-
| Mushabbak Basilica<br/>({{lang-ar|المشبك}})
| Mushabbak Basilica<br/>({{langx|ar|المشبك}})
| [[File:Mushabbak Basilica Aleppo5.jpg|235px]]
| [[File:Mushabbak Basilica Aleppo5.jpg|235px]]
| {{Coord|36|15|17.00|N|36|53|01.00|E|name=Mushabbak Basilica}}
| {{Coord|36|15|17.00|N|36|53|01.00|E|name=Mushabbak Basilica}}
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| A well-preserved church from the second half of the fifth century (around 470), is located {{convert|25|km|0|abbr=on}} west of Aleppo, near the town of Daret A'zzeh.
| A well-preserved church from the second half of the fifth century (around 470), is located {{convert|25|km|0|abbr=on}} west of Aleppo, near the town of Daret A'zzeh.
|-
|-
| Qatura<br/>({{lang-ar|قاطورة}})
| Qatura<br/>({{langx|ar|قاطورة}})
|
|
| {{Coord|36|18|02.71|N|36|49|48.34|E|name=Qatura}}
| {{Coord|36|18|02.71|N|36|49|48.34|E|name=Qatura}}
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|
|
|-
|-
| Refade<br/>({{lang-ar|رفادة}})
| Refade<br/>({{langx|ar|رفادة}})
| [[File:Refade,villageE.jpg|235px]]
| [[File:Refade,villageE.jpg|235px]]
| {{Coord|36|18|57|N|36|49|19|E|name=Refade}}
| {{Coord|36|18|57|N|36|49|19|E|name=Refade}}
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|
|
|-
|-
| Sargible<br/>({{lang-ar|سرجبلا}})
| Sargible<br/>({{langx|ar|سرجبلا}})
| [[File:Bema Church, Sergible (سرجبلا), Syria - West façade - PHBZ024 2016 4755 - Dumbarton Oaks.jpg|235px]]
| [[File:Bema Church, Sergible (سرجبلا), Syria - West façade - PHBZ024 2016 4755 - Dumbarton Oaks.jpg|235px]]
| {{Coord|36|14|17|N|36|42|59|E|name=Sargible}}
| {{Coord|36|14|17|N|36|42|59|E|name=Sargible}}
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|
|
|-
|-
| Set al-Roum<br/>({{lang-ar|ست الروم}})
| Set al-Roum<br/>({{langx|ar|ست الروم}})
| [[File:Sitt_er-Rum,E.jpg|235px]]
| [[File:Sitt_er-Rum,E.jpg|235px]]
| {{Coord|36|18|37|N|36|50|3|E|name=Set al-Roum}}
| {{Coord|36|18|37|N|36|50|3|E|name=Set al-Roum}}
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|
|
|-
|-
| Sheikh Barakat<br/>({{lang-ar|الشيخ بركات}})
| Sheikh Barakat<br/>({{langx|ar|الشيخ بركات}})
|
|
| {{Coord|36|16|40|N|36|49|18|E|name=Sheikh Barakat}}
| {{Coord|36|16|40|N|36|49|18|E|name=Sheikh Barakat}}
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|
|
|-
|-
| Sinkhar historic settlement<br/>({{lang-ar|سنخار}})
| Sinkhar historic settlement<br/>({{langx|ar|سنخار}})
| [[File:Church and Chapel, Sinhar (سنهار), Syria - West facade of chapel - PHBZ024 2016 6704 - Dumbarton Oaks.jpg|235px]]
| [[File:Church and Chapel, Sinhar (سنهار), Syria - West facade of chapel - PHBZ024 2016 6704 - Dumbarton Oaks.jpg|235px]]
| {{Coord|36|17|52.00|N|36|54|30.00|E|name=Sinhar}}
| {{Coord|36|17|52.00|N|36|54|30.00|E|name=Sinhar}}
Line 218: Line 221:
| Locally known as Simkhar, is located {{convert|24|km|0|abbr=on}} northwest of Aleppo in an isolated valley. The village was inhabited between the second and seventh centuries. Its Basilica is among the oldest churches in Syria and dates back to the fourth century, while the nearby chapel is sixth century.
| Locally known as Simkhar, is located {{convert|24|km|0|abbr=on}} northwest of Aleppo in an isolated valley. The village was inhabited between the second and seventh centuries. Its Basilica is among the oldest churches in Syria and dates back to the fourth century, while the nearby chapel is sixth century.
|-
|-
| Sugane village<br/>({{lang-ar|صوغانة}})
| Sugane village<br/>({{langx|ar|صوغانة}})
|
|
| {{Coord|36|26|11.5|N|36|55|40.0|E|name=Sugane}}
| {{Coord|36|26|11.5|N|36|55|40.0|E|name=Sugane}}
Line 224: Line 227:
| Located {{convert|40|km|0|abbr=on}} northwest of Aleppo, is home to two half-ruined churches and old water cisterns.
| Located {{convert|40|km|0|abbr=on}} northwest of Aleppo, is home to two half-ruined churches and old water cisterns.
|-
|-
| [[Surqaniya]] village<br/>({{lang-ar|سرقانيا}})
| [[Surqaniya]] village<br/>({{langx|ar|سرقانيا}})
|[[File:6th c. CE Church, Surqaniya (سرقانيا), Syria - South and west façades - PHBZ024 2016 7828 - Dumbarton Oaks.jpg|alt=6th c. CE Church, Surqaniya (سرقانيا), Syria - South and west façades|235px]]
|[[File:6th c. CE Church, Surqaniya (سرقانيا), Syria - South and west façades - PHBZ024 2016 7828 - Dumbarton Oaks.jpg|alt=6th c. CE Church, Surqaniya (سرقانيا), Syria - South and west façades|235px]]
| {{Coord|36|18|59.00|N|36|54|02.00|E|name=Surqanya}}
| {{Coord|36|18|59.00|N|36|54|02.00|E|name=Surqanya}}
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| Located {{convert|23|km|0|abbr=on}} northwest of Aleppo, preserves the remains of an old Byzantine settlement with a half-ruined sixth-century chapel.
| Located {{convert|23|km|0|abbr=on}} northwest of Aleppo, preserves the remains of an old Byzantine settlement with a half-ruined sixth-century chapel.
|-
|-
| [[Taladah]] Church and Monastery<br/>({{lang-ar|تل عادة}})
| [[Taladah]] Church and Monastery<br/>({{langx|ar|تل عادة}})
|
|
| {{Coord|36|15|5|N|36|48|4|E|name=Taladah}}
| {{Coord|36|15|5|N|36|48|4|E|name=Taladah}}
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|
|
|-
|-
| Taqla<br/>({{lang-ar|تقلا}})
| Taqla<br/>({{langx|ar|تقلا}})
| [[File:Church, Takleh (تقلا), Syria - West façade - PHBZ024 2016 1742 - Dumbarton Oaks.jpg|235px]]
| [[File:Church, Takleh (تقلا), Syria - West façade - PHBZ024 2016 1742 - Dumbarton Oaks.jpg|235px]]
| {{Coord|36|19|09.96|N|36|50|51.03|E|name=Taqla}}
| {{Coord|36|19|09.96|N|36|50|51.03|E|name=Taqla}}
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|
|
|-
|-
| [[Zarzita]]<br/>({{lang-ar|زرزيتا}})
| [[Zarzita]]<br/>({{langx|ar|زرزيتا}})
|[[File:Tower and porch, Zarzita (زرزيتا), Syria - View from southwest - PHBZ024 2016 6016 - Dumbarton Oaks.jpg|alt=Tower and porch, Zarzita (زرزيتا), Syria - View from southwest|235px]]
|[[File:Tower and porch, Zarzita (زرزيتا), Syria - View from southwest - PHBZ024 2016 6016 - Dumbarton Oaks.jpg|alt=Tower and porch, Zarzita (زرزيتا), Syria - View from southwest|235px]]
| {{Coord|36|17|34.24|N|36|48|03.48|E|name=Zarzita}}
| {{Coord|36|17|34.24|N|36|48|03.48|E|name=Zarzita}}
Line 250: Line 253:
|}
|}


===[[Harim Mountains]] (Mount Bārīshā and Mount Aʻlā)===
=== Harim Mountains (Mount Bārīshā and Mount A'lā) ===
{| class="wikitable sortable" width="100%"
{| class="wikitable sortable" width="100%"
|-
|-
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! class="unsortable" | Notes
! class="unsortable" | Notes
|-
|-
| al-Breij<br/>({{lang-ar|البريج}})
| al-Breij<br/>({{langx|ar|البريج}})
|
|
| {{Coord|36|11|58.26|N|36|40|52.24|E|name=al-Breij}}
| {{Coord|36|11|58.26|N|36|40|52.24|E|name=al-Breij}}
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|
|
|-
|-
| al-Kfeir<br/>({{lang-ar|الكفير}})
| al-Kfeir<br/>({{langx|ar|الكفير}})
| [[File:Church, Kfeir (الكفير), Syria - East end - PHBZ024 2016 7928 - Dumbarton Oaks.jpg|235px]]
| [[File:Church, Kfeir (الكفير), Syria - East end - PHBZ024 2016 7928 - Dumbarton Oaks.jpg|235px]]
| {{Coord|36|11|13.52|N|36|34|03.64|E|name=al-Kfeir}}
| {{Coord|36|11|13.52|N|36|34|03.64|E|name=al-Kfeir}}
Line 271: Line 274:
| Located in the mountainous region of Mount Aʻlā, less than two kilometers from [[Qalb Loze]]
| Located in the mountainous region of Mount Aʻlā, less than two kilometers from [[Qalb Loze]]
|-
|-
| Bab Al-Hawa<br/>({{lang-ar|باب الهوا}})
| Bab Al-Hawa<br/>({{langx|ar|باب الهوا}})
|
|
| {{Coord|36|12|19.42|N|36|43|31.37|E|name=Bab Al-Hawa}}
| {{Coord|36|12|19.42|N|36|43|31.37|E|name=Bab Al-Hawa}}
| [[Idlib Governorate|Idlib]]
| [[Idlib Governorate|Idlib]]
| Located {{convert|50|km|0|abbr=on}} west of Aleppo on the Turkish border, is the site of several fourth-century churches and a well-preserved historical gate from the sixth century AD.
| Located {{convert|50|km|0|abbr=on}} west of Aleppo on the Turkish border, is the site of several fourth century churches and a well-preserved historical gate from the sixth century AD.
|-
|-
| [[Babisqa]]<br/>({{lang-ar|بابسقا}})
| [[Babisqa]]<br/>({{langx|ar|بابسقا}})
| [[File:Baths, Babisqa (بابسقا), Syria - View from the south - PHBZ024 2016 4866 - Dumbarton Oaks.jpg|235px]]
| [[File:Baths, Babisqa (بابسقا), Syria - View from the south - PHBZ024 2016 4866 - Dumbarton Oaks.jpg|235px]]
| {{Coord|36|12|53.17|N|36|41|23.17|E|name=Babisqa}}
| {{Coord|36|12|53.17|N|36|41|23.17|E|name=Babisqa}}
Line 283: Line 286:
|
|
|-
|-
| Bamuqa<br/>({{lang-ar|باموقا}})
| Bamuqa<br/>({{langx|ar|باموقا}})
| [[File:North Church, Bamuqqa (باموقا), Syria - West façade of church - PHBZ024 2016 4397 - Dumbarton Oaks.jpg|235px]]
| [[File:North Church, Bamuqqa (باموقا), Syria - West façade of church - PHBZ024 2016 4397 - Dumbarton Oaks.jpg|235px]]
| {{Coord|36|12|02.23|N|36|38|18.40|E|name=Bamuqa}}
| {{Coord|36|12|02.23|N|36|38|18.40|E|name=Bamuqa}}
Line 289: Line 292:
|
|
|-
|-
| [[Banabil]]<br/>({{lang-ar|بنابل}})
| [[Banabil]]<br/>({{langx|ar|بنابل}})
| [[File:Dwelling, Benabil, Syria - Doorway to courtyard - PHBZ024 2016 5387 - Dumbarton Oaks.jpg|235px]]
| [[File:Dwelling, Benabil, Syria - Doorway to courtyard - PHBZ024 2016 5387 - Dumbarton Oaks.jpg|235px]]
| {{Coord|36|12|01.99|N|36|33|41.31|E|name=Banabil}}
| {{Coord|36|12|01.99|N|36|33|41.31|E|name=Banabil}}
Line 295: Line 298:
|
|
|-
|-
| Banqusa<br/>({{lang-ar|بانقوسا}})
| Banqusa<br/>({{langx|ar|بانقوسا}})
| [[File:South Church, Banqusa (بانقوسا), Syria - East façade - PHBZ024 2016 5679 - Dumbarton Oaks.jpg|235px]]
| [[File:South Church, Banqusa (بانقوسا), Syria - East façade - PHBZ024 2016 5679 - Dumbarton Oaks.jpg|235px]]
| {{Coord|36|5|54|N|36|37|36|E|name=Banqusa}}
| {{Coord|36|5|54|N|36|37|36|E|name=Banqusa}}
Line 301: Line 304:
|
|
|-
|-
| [[Baqirha]]<br/>({{lang-ar|باقرحا}})
| [[Baqirha]]<br/>({{langx|ar|باقرحا}})
| [[File:Baqirha,east_churchW.jpg|235px]]
| [[File:Baqirha,east_churchW.jpg|235px]]
| {{Coord|36|12|22.91|N|36|39|35.87|E|name=Baqirha}}
| {{Coord|36|12|22.91|N|36|39|35.87|E|name=Baqirha}}
Line 307: Line 310:
|
|
|-
|-
| [[Barisha, Harem District|Barisha]]<br/>({{lang-ar|باريشا}})
| [[Barisha, Harem District|Barisha]]<br/>({{langx|ar|باريشا}})
| [[File:Barisha,villa.jpg|235px]]
| [[File:Barisha,villa.jpg|235px]]
| {{Coord|36|09|58|N|36|38|10|E|name=Barisha}}
| {{Coord|36|09|58|N|36|38|10|E|name=Barisha}}
Line 313: Line 316:
|
|
|-
|-
| [[Barish al-Shamali]]<br/>({{lang-ar|باريش الشمالي}})
| [[Barish al-Shamali]]<br/>({{langx|ar|باريش الشمالي}})
| [[File:Andron, Berrish North (باريش), Syria - North facade - PHBZ024 2016 8077 - Dumbarton Oaks.jpg|235px]]
| [[File:Andron, Berrish North (باريش), Syria - North facade - PHBZ024 2016 8077 - Dumbarton Oaks.jpg|235px]]
| {{Coord|36|11|00.37|N|36|34|50.53|E|name=Barish al-Shamali}}
| {{Coord|36|11|00.37|N|36|34|50.53|E|name=Barish al-Shamali}}
Line 319: Line 322:
|
|
|-
|-
| Bashkuh<br/>({{lang-ar|باشكوح}})
| Bashkuh<br/>({{langx|ar|باشكوح}})
|
|
| {{Coord|36|11|39.76|N|36|37|54.20|E|name=Bashkuh}}
| {{Coord|36|11|39.76|N|36|37|54.20|E|name=Bashkuh}}
Line 325: Line 328:
|
|
|-
|-
| Bashmishli<br/>({{lang-ar|باشمشلي}})
| Bashmishli<br/>({{langx|ar|باشمشلي}})
| [[File:Baptistery, Bashmishli (باشمشلي), Syria - East and north façades from northeast - PHBZ024 2016 4330 - Dumbarton Oaks.jpg|235px]]
| [[File:Baptistery, Bashmishli (باشمشلي), Syria - East and north façades from northeast - PHBZ024 2016 4330 - Dumbarton Oaks.jpg|235px]]
| {{Coord|36|11|44|N|36|35|37|E|name=Bashmishli}}
| {{Coord|36|11|44|N|36|35|37|E|name=Bashmishli}}
Line 331: Line 334:
|
|
|-
|-
| Bauda<br/>({{lang-ar|بعودا}})
| Bauda<br/>({{langx|ar|بعودا}})
| [[File:Bauda,center.jpg|235px]]
| [[File:Bauda,center.jpg|235px]]
| {{Coord|36|12|54.63|N|36|41|51.14|E|name=Bauda, North}}
| {{Coord|36|12|54.63|N|36|41|51.14|E|name=Bauda, North}}
Line 337: Line 340:
| Located just a few kilometers from the Turkish border on the far northeastern edge of Jebel Barisha.
| Located just a few kilometers from the Turkish border on the far northeastern edge of Jebel Barisha.
|-
|-
| [[Behyo]]<br/>({{lang-ar|بحيو}})
| [[Behyo]]<br/>({{langx|ar|بحيو}})
| [[File:Church, Behyo (بهيو), Syria - West facade - PHBZ024 2016 5250 - Dumbarton Oaks.jpg|235px]]
| [[File:Church, Behyo (بهيو), Syria - West facade - PHBZ024 2016 5250 - Dumbarton Oaks.jpg|235px]]
| {{Coord|36|09|09.10|N|36|34|45.24|E|name=Behyo}}
| {{Coord|36|09|09.10|N|36|34|45.24|E|name=Behyo}}
| [[Idlib Governorate|Idlib]]
| [[Idlib Governorate|Idlib]]
|Village in northwestern Syria, built in the 5th and 6th centuries. Archaeological remains include two churches, olive presses, villas and other dwellings.
| Village in northwestern Syria, built in the 5th and 6th centuries. Archaeological remains include two churches, olive presses, villas and other dwellings.
|-
|-
| Beitar<br/>({{lang-ar|بيتر}})
| Beitar<br/>({{langx|ar|بيتر}})
|
|
| {{Coord|36|11|35.73|N|36|34|50.01|E|name=Beitar}}
| {{Coord|36|11|35.73|N|36|34|50.01|E|name=Beitar}}
Line 349: Line 352:
|
|
|-
|-
| [[Bshendlaya - Rashadiya|Beshandlaya]]<br/>({{lang-ar|بشندلايا}})
| [[Bshendlaya - Rashadiya|Beshandlaya]]<br/>({{langx|ar|بشندلايا}})
| [[File:Tomb, Beshindlaye (بشندلايا), Syria - Hypogeum - PHBZ024 2016 5269 - Dumbarton Oaks.jpg|235px]]
| [[File:Tomb, Beshindlaye (بشندلايا), Syria - Hypogeum - PHBZ024 2016 5269 - Dumbarton Oaks.jpg|235px]]
| {{Coord|36|08|37.80|N|36|33|24.21|E|name=Bshendlaya - Rashadiya}}
| {{Coord|36|08|37.80|N|36|33|24.21|E|name=Bshendlaya - Rashadiya}}
Line 355: Line 358:
|
|
|-
|-
| Binsira<br/>({{lang-ar|بنصرة}})
| Binsira<br/>({{langx|ar|بنصرة}})
|
|
| {{Coord|36|1|1|N|36|25|13|E|name=Binsira}}
| {{Coord|36|1|1|N|36|25|13|E|name=Binsira}}
Line 361: Line 364:
|
|
|-
|-
| Burj Aizarara<br/>({{lang-ar|برج عيزارارا}})
| Burj Aizarara<br/>({{langx|ar|برج عيزارارا}})
|
|
| {{Coord|36|08|48.18|N|36|40|33.54|E|name=Burj Aizarara}}
| {{Coord|36|08|48.18|N|36|40|33.54|E|name=Burj Aizarara}}
Line 367: Line 370:
|
|
|-
|-
| Dahis<br/>({{lang-ar|داحس}})
| Dahis<br/>({{langx|ar|داحس}})
| [[File:East Church and Baptistery, Dehes (داحس), Syria - South façade - PHBZ024 2016 4454 - Dumbarton Oaks.jpg|235px]]
| [[File:East Church and Baptistery, Dehes (داحس), Syria - South façade - PHBZ024 2016 4454 - Dumbarton Oaks.jpg|235px]]
| {{Coord|36|10|49.06|N|36|37|48.84|E|name=Dahis}}
| {{Coord|36|10|49.06|N|36|37|48.84|E|name=Dahis}}
Line 373: Line 376:
|
|
|-
|-
| [[Al-Dana, Syria|Dana]]<br/>({{lang-ar|الدانا}})
| [[Al-Dana, Syria|Dana]]<br/>({{langx|ar|الدانا}})
| [[File:Ancient_tomb_of_Dana.jpg|235px]]
| [[File:Ancient_tomb_of_Dana.jpg|235px]]
| {{Coord|36|12|47|N|36|46|14|E|name=Dana, North}}
| {{Coord|36|12|47|N|36|46|14|E|name=Dana, North}}
Line 379: Line 382:
| Located north of Idlib, 38 kilometers west of Aleppo, and just east of the border with Turkey.
| Located north of Idlib, 38 kilometers west of Aleppo, and just east of the border with Turkey.
|-
|-
| Deirouni<br/>({{lang-ar|ديروني}})
| Deirouni<br/>({{langx|ar|ديروني}})
|[[File:Monastery, Deirouni (ديروني), Syria - West and south façades of chapel - PHBZ024 2016 4299 - Dumbarton Oaks.jpg|alt=Monastery, Deirouni (ديروني), Syria - West and south façades of chapel|235px]]
| [[File:Monastery, Deirouni (ديروني), Syria - West and south façades of chapel - PHBZ024 2016 4299 - Dumbarton Oaks.jpg|alt=Monastery, Deirouni (ديروني), Syria - West and south façades of chapel|235px]]
| {{Coord|36|12|40.19|N|36|39|36.82|E|name=Deirouni}}
| {{Coord|36|12|40.19|N|36|39|36.82|E|name=Deirouni}}
| [[Idlib Governorate|Idlib]]
| [[Idlib Governorate|Idlib]]
|
|
|-
|-
| Deir Qeita<br/>({{lang-ar|دير قيتا}})
| Deir Qeita<br/>({{langx|ar|دير قيتا}})
| [[File:DarQita,TrinityW.jpg|235px]]
| [[File:DarQita,TrinityW.jpg|235px]]
| {{Coord|36|12|54.43|N|36|39|57.35|E|name=Deir Qeita}}
| {{Coord|36|12|54.43|N|36|39|57.35|E|name=Deir Qeita}}
Line 391: Line 394:
|
|
|-
|-
| Deir Seita<br/>({{lang-ar|دير سيتا}})
| Deir Seita<br/>({{langx|ar|دير سيتا}})
| [[File:North Church, Deir Seta (دير سيتا), Syria - South façade - PHBZ024 2016 9676 - Dumbarton Oaks.jpg|235px]]
| [[File:North Church, Deir Seta (دير سيتا), Syria - South façade - PHBZ024 2016 9676 - Dumbarton Oaks.jpg|235px]]
| {{Coord|36|06|01.23|N|36|38|40.67|E|name=Deir Seita}}
| {{Coord|36|06|01.23|N|36|38|40.67|E|name=Deir Seita}}
Line 397: Line 400:
|
|
|-
|-
| Fasuq<br/>({{lang-ar|الفاسوق}})
| Fasuq<br/>({{langx|ar|الفاسوق}})
|
|
| {{Coord|36|1|6|N|36|27|5|E|name=Fasuq}}
| {{Coord|36|1|6|N|36|27|5|E|name=Fasuq}}
Line 403: Line 406:
|
|
|-
|-
| Kafr Aqab<br/>({{lang-ar|كفر عقاب}})
| Kafr Aqab<br/>({{langx|ar|كفر عقاب}})
|
|
| {{Coord|36|1|54|N|36|26|47|E|name=Kafr Aqab}}
| {{Coord|36|1|54|N|36|26|47|E|name=Kafr Aqab}}
Line 409: Line 412:
|
|
|-
|-
| [[Kafr Aruq]]<br/>({{lang-ar|كفر عروق}})
| [[Kafr Aruq]]<br/>({{langx|ar|كفر عروق}})
|
|
| {{Coord|36|7|14|N|36|39|21|E|name=Kafr Aruq}}
| {{Coord|36|7|14|N|36|39|21|E|name=Kafr Aruq}}
Line 415: Line 418:
|
|
|-
|-
| [[Kafr Dariyan]]<br/>({{lang-ar|كفر دريان}})
| [[Kafr Dariyan]]<br/>({{langx|ar|كفر دريان}})
| [[File:Monastery of Yonan the Stylite, Kfer Daryan (كفر درين), Syria - West façade and south side of chapel-monastery from southwest - PHBZ024 2016 4580 - Dumbarton Oaks.jpg|235px]]
| [[File:Monastery of Yonan the Stylite, Kfer Daryan (كفر درين), Syria - West façade and south side of chapel-monastery from southwest - PHBZ024 2016 4580 - Dumbarton Oaks.jpg|235px]]
| {{Coord|36|10|18.00|N|36|40|11.00|E|name=Kafr Dariyan}}
| {{Coord|36|10|18.00|N|36|40|11.00|E|name=Kafr Dariyan}}
Line 421: Line 424:
|
|
|-
|-
| Khirbet al-Khatib<br/>({{lang-ar|خربة الخطيب}})
| Khirbet al-Khatib<br/>({{langx|ar|خربة الخطيب}})
| [[File:Church, Khirbet al-Khatib (خربة الكاتب), Syria - West facade - PHBZ024 2016 9462 - Dumbarton Oaks.jpg|235px]]
| [[File:Church, Khirbet al-Khatib (خربة الكاتب), Syria - West facade - PHBZ024 2016 9462 - Dumbarton Oaks.jpg|235px]]
| {{Coord|36|12|49|N|36|38|17|E|name=Khirbet al-Khatib}}
| {{Coord|36|12|49|N|36|38|17|E|name=Khirbet al-Khatib}}
Line 427: Line 430:
|
|
|-
|-
| [[Kseibjeh]]<br/>({{lang-ar|كسيبجة}})
| [[Kseibjeh]]<br/>({{langx|ar|كسيبجة}})
| [[File:Ksegbe, Syria - Unidentified structures, looking north - PHBZ024 2016 9027 - Dumbarton Oaks.jpg|235px]]
| [[File:Ksegbe, Syria - Unidentified structures, looking north - PHBZ024 2016 9027 - Dumbarton Oaks.jpg|235px]]
| {{Coord|36|12|30|N|36|42|20|E|name=Kseibjeh}}
| {{Coord|36|12|30|N|36|42|20|E|name=Kseibjeh}}
Line 433: Line 436:
|
|
|-
|-
| Kukaniyeh<br/>({{lang-ar|كوكانية}})
| Kukaniyeh<br/>({{langx|ar|كوكانية}})
| [[File:Dwelling, Kokanaya (قوقانايا), Syria - South facade with portico - PHBZ024 2016 5608 - Dumbarton Oaks.jpg|235px]]
| [[File:Dwelling, Kokanaya (قوقانايا), Syria - South facade with portico - PHBZ024 2016 5608 - Dumbarton Oaks.jpg|235px]]
| {{Coord|36|06|53.12|N|36|36|24.74|E|name=Kukaniyeh}}
| {{Coord|36|06|53.12|N|36|36|24.74|E|name=Kukaniyeh}}
Line 439: Line 442:
|
|
|-
|-
| Ma'suratah<br/>({{lang-ar|معصراتة}})
| Ma'suratah<br/>({{langx|ar|معصراتة}})
|
|
| {{Coord|36|9|46|N|36|33|4|E|name=Ma'suratah}}
| {{Coord|36|9|46|N|36|33|4|E|name=Ma'suratah}}
Line 445: Line 448:
|
|
|-
|-
| Maaz<br/>({{lang-ar|ماعز}})
| Maaz<br/>({{langx|ar|ماعز}})
| [[File:East Church, Me'ez (ماعز), Syria - View of Church from southeast - PHBZ024 2016 5424 - Dumbarton Oaks.jpg|235px]]
| [[File:East Church, Me'ez (ماعز), Syria - View of Church from southeast - PHBZ024 2016 5424 - Dumbarton Oaks.jpg|235px]]
| {{Coord|36|08|44.69|N|36|40|01.46|E|name=Maaz}}
| {{Coord|36|08|44.69|N|36|40|01.46|E|name=Maaz}}
Line 451: Line 454:
|
|
|-
|-
| [[Qalb Loze]]<br/>({{lang-ar|قلب لوزة}})
| [[Qalb Loze]]<br/>({{langx|ar|قلب لوزة}})
| [[File:QalbLoze,W.jpg|235px]]
| [[File:QalbLoze,W.jpg|235px]]
| {{Coord|36|10|9|N|36|34|50|E|name=Qalb Loze}}
| {{Coord|36|10|9|N|36|34|50|E|name=Qalb Loze}}
Line 457: Line 460:
|
|
|-
|-
| Qarqbizeh<br/>({{lang-ar|قرقبيزة}})
| [[Qirqbize|Qarqbizeh]]<br/>({{langx|ar|قرقبيزة}})
| [[File:Church, Kirkbizeh (قرقبيزة), Syria - Bema looking east - PHBZ024 2016 5162 - Dumbarton Oaks.jpg|235px]]
| [[File:Church, Kirkbizeh (قرقبيزة), Syria - Bema looking east - PHBZ024 2016 5162 - Dumbarton Oaks.jpg|235px]]
| {{Coord|36|10|30.29|N|36|35|07.93|E|name=Qarqbizeh}}
| {{Coord|36|10|30.29|N|36|35|07.93|E|name=Qarqbizeh}}
Line 463: Line 466:
|
|
|-
|-
| Sarfud<br/>({{lang-ar|صرفود}})
| Sarfud<br/>({{langx|ar|صرفود}})
|
|
| {{Coord|36|11|11.70|N|36|41|17.99|E|name=Sarfud}}
| {{Coord|36|11|11.70|N|36|41|17.99|E|name=Sarfud}}
Line 469: Line 472:
|
|
|-
|-
| [[Sarmada]]<br/>({{lang-ar|سرمدا}})
| [[Sarmada]]<br/>({{langx|ar|سرمدا}})
|
|
| {{Coord|36|10|57.48|N|36|43|52.38|E|name=Sarmada}}
| {{Coord|36|10|57.48|N|36|43|52.38|E|name=Sarmada}}
Line 477: Line 480:
|}
|}


===[[Jabal Zawiya|Mount Zāwiya]]===
=== [[Jabal Zawiya|Mount Zāwiya]] ===
{| class="wikitable sortable" width="100%"
{| class="wikitable sortable" width="100%"
|-
|-
Line 486: Line 489:
! class="unsortable" | Notes
! class="unsortable" | Notes
|-
|-
| [[Al-Dana, Maarrat al-Nu'man|al-Dana]]<br/>({{lang-ar|الدانا}})
| [[Al-Dana, Maarrat al-Nu'man|al-Dana]]<br/>({{langx|ar|الدانا}})
| [[File:Pyramidal roofed tomb, Dana (South) (الدانا الجنوبية), Syria - East façade - PHBZ024 2016 3942 - Dumbarton Oaks.jpg|235px]]
| [[File:Pyramidal roofed tomb, Dana (South) (الدانا الجنوبية), Syria - East façade - PHBZ024 2016 3942 - Dumbarton Oaks.jpg|235px]]
| {{Coord|35|42|12.84|N|36|41|15.75|E|name=al-Dana, South}}
| {{Coord|35|42|12.84|N|36|41|15.75|E|name=al-Dana, South}}
Line 492: Line 495:
| A modern village on far eastern edge of Jebel al-Zawiyeh and Jebel Riha.
| A modern village on far eastern edge of Jebel al-Zawiyeh and Jebel Riha.
|-
|-
| [[Babuline]]<br/>({{lang-ar|بابولين}})
| [[Babuline]]<br/>({{langx|ar|بابولين}})
|
|
| {{Coord|35|32|16|N|36|40|43|E|name=Babuline}}
| {{Coord|35|32|16|N|36|40|43|E|name=Babuline}}
Line 498: Line 501:
|
|
|-
|-
| [[Bara, Syria|Bara]]<br/>({{lang-ar|بارة}})
| [[Bara, Syria|Bara]]<br/>({{langx|ar|بارة}})
| [[File:SYRIE_183.jpg|235px]]
| [[File:SYRIE_183.jpg|235px]]
| {{Coord|35|41|17.42|N|36|31|51.34|E|name=Bara, Syria}}
| {{Coord|35|41|17.42|N|36|31|51.34|E|name=Bara, Syria}}
Line 504: Line 507:
|
|
|-
|-
| Bashila<br/>({{lang-ar|بشيلا}})
| Bashila<br/>({{langx|ar|بشيلا}})
|
|
| {{Coord|35|39|19.68|N|36|31|34.92|E|name=Bashila}}
| {{Coord|35|39|19.68|N|36|31|34.92|E|name=Bashila}}
Line 510: Line 513:
|
|
|-
|-
| Batrasa<br/>({{lang-ar|بترسا}})
| Batrasa<br/>({{langx|ar|بترسا}})
| [[File:Btirsa2.jpg|235px]]
| [[File:Btirsa2.jpg|235px]]
| {{Coord|35|39|56.15|N|36|32|38.82|E|name=Batrasa}}
| {{Coord|35|39|56.15|N|36|32|38.82|E|name=Batrasa}}
Line 516: Line 519:
|
|
|-
|-
| Bauda<br/>({{lang-ar|بعودا}})
| Bauda<br/>({{langx|ar|بعودا}})
| [[File:BaudaS,pyramidtomb.jpg|235px]]
| [[File:BaudaS,pyramidtomb.jpg|235px]]
| {{Coord|35|40|13.78|N|36|34|08.50|E|name=Bauda, South}}
| {{Coord|35|40|13.78|N|36|34|08.50|E|name=Bauda, South}}
Line 522: Line 525:
| Located on the side of the road between the two major sites of [[Bara, Syria|Bara]] and [[Serjilla]].
| Located on the side of the road between the two major sites of [[Bara, Syria|Bara]] and [[Serjilla]].
|-
|-
| [[Deir Sunbul, Idlib|Deir Sunbul]]<br/>({{lang-ar|دير سنبل}})
| [[Deir Sunbul, Idlib|Deir Sunbul]]<br/>({{langx|ar|دير سنبل}})
| [[File:Deir Sunbul (دير سنبل), Syria - Distant view of structures - PHBZ024 2016 7129 - Dumbarton Oaks.jpg|235px]]
| [[File:Deir Sunbul (دير سنبل), Syria - Distant view of structures - PHBZ024 2016 7129 - Dumbarton Oaks.jpg|235px]]
| {{Coord|35|41|52.21|N|36|36|14.35|E|name=Deir Sunbul, Idlib}}
| {{Coord|35|41|52.21|N|36|36|14.35|E|name=Deir Sunbul, Idlib}}
Line 528: Line 531:
|
|
|-
|-
| Dellozeh<br/>({{lang-ar|دللوزة}})
| Dellozeh<br/>({{langx|ar|دللوزة}})
| [[File:Dwelling, Dalloza (دللوزة), Syria - East Facade - PHBZ024 2016 7039 - Dumbarton Oaks.jpg|235px]]
| [[File:Dwelling, Dalloza (دللوزة), Syria - East Facade - PHBZ024 2016 7039 - Dumbarton Oaks.jpg|235px]]
| {{Coord|35|41|45.52|N|36|34|57.04|E|name=Dellozeh}}
| {{Coord|35|41|45.52|N|36|34|57.04|E|name=Dellozeh}}
Line 534: Line 537:
|
|
|-
|-
| [[Ebla]]<br/>({{lang-ar|ابلا}})
| [[Ebla]]<br/>({{langx|ar|ابلا}})
| [[File:HPIM3078_1.JPG|235px]]
| [[File:HPIM3078_1.JPG|235px]]
| {{Coord|35|47|52.8|N|36|47|52.8|E|name=Ebla}}
| {{Coord|35|47|52.8|N|36|47|52.8|E|name=Ebla}}
Line 540: Line 543:
| One of the earliest kingdoms in Syria. Its remains constitute a tell located about 55&nbsp;km (34&nbsp;mi) southwest of Aleppo near the village of [[Mardikh]].
| One of the earliest kingdoms in Syria. Its remains constitute a tell located about 55&nbsp;km (34&nbsp;mi) southwest of Aleppo near the village of [[Mardikh]].
|-
|-
| [[Ein Laruz]]<br/>({{lang-ar|عين لاروز}})
| [[Ein Laruz]]<br/>({{langx|ar|عين لاروز}})
|
|
| {{Coord|35|41|1|N|36|26|24|E|name=Ein Laruz}}
| {{Coord|35|41|1|N|36|26|24|E|name=Ein Laruz}}
Line 546: Line 549:
|
|
|-
|-
| [[Farkya]]<br/>({{lang-ar|فركيا}})
| [[Farkya]]<br/>({{langx|ar|فركيا}})
|
|
| {{Coord|35|43|26.84|N|36|36|02.49|E|name=Farkya}}
| {{Coord|35|43|26.84|N|36|36|02.49|E|name=Farkya}}
Line 552: Line 555:
|
|
|-
|-
| [[Hazarin]]<br/>({{lang-ar|حزارين}})
| [[Hazarin]]<br/>({{langx|ar|حزارين}})
|
|
| {{Coord|35|35|56|N|36|31|39|E|name=Hazarin}}
| {{Coord|35|35|56|N|36|31|39|E|name=Hazarin}}
Line 558: Line 561:
|
|
|-
|-
| [[Jarada]]<br/>({{lang-ar|جرادة}})
| [[Jarada]]<br/>({{langx|ar|جرادة}})
| [[File:Jerada,houseW.jpg|235px]]
| [[File:Jerada,houseW.jpg|235px]]
| {{Coord|35|43|26.43|N|36|42|56.05|E|name=Jarada}}
| {{Coord|35|43|26.43|N|36|42|56.05|E|name=Jarada}}
Line 564: Line 567:
|
|
|-
|-
| [[Maghara]]<br/>({{lang-ar|مغارة}})
| [[Maghara]]<br/>({{langx|ar|مغارة}})
|
|
| {{Coord|35|44|03.43|N|36|35|12.27|E|name=Maghara}}
| {{Coord|35|44|03.43|N|36|35|12.27|E|name=Maghara}}
Line 570: Line 573:
|
|
|-
|-
| Majliya<br/>({{lang-ar|مجليا}})
| Majliya<br/>({{langx|ar|مجليا}})
|
|
| {{Coord|35|40|17.26|N|36|32|28.87|E|name=Majliya}}
| {{Coord|35|40|17.26|N|36|32|28.87|E|name=Majliya}}
Line 576: Line 579:
|
|
|-
|-
| [[Mozra]]<br/>({{lang-ar|الموزرة}})
| [[Mozra]]<br/>({{langx|ar|الموزرة}})
|
|
| {{Coord|35|39|23|N|36|26|22|E|name=Mozra}}
| {{Coord|35|39|23|N|36|26|22|E|name=Mozra}}
Line 582: Line 585:
|
|
|-
|-
| Qasr al-Banat<br/>({{lang-ar|قصر البنات}})
| Qasr al-Banat<br/>({{langx|ar|قصر البنات}})
| [[File:Qasr al-Banat, Dana (South) (الدانا الجنوبية), Syria - View from southeast - PHBZ024 2016 3903 - Dumbarton Oaks.jpg|235px]]
| [[File:Qasr al-Banat, Dana (South) (الدانا الجنوبية), Syria - View from southeast - PHBZ024 2016 3903 - Dumbarton Oaks.jpg|235px]]
| {{Coord|35|42|33.97|N|36|41|06.35|E|name=Qasr al-Banat}}
| {{Coord|35|42|33.97|N|36|41|06.35|E|name=Qasr al-Banat}}
Line 588: Line 591:
|
|
|-
|-
| Rabiaa<br/>({{lang-ar|ربيعة}})
| Rabiaa<br/>({{langx|ar|ربيعة}})
|
|
| {{Coord|35|39|19.62|N|36|34|48.88|E|name=Rabiaa}}
| {{Coord|35|39|19.62|N|36|34|48.88|E|name=Rabiaa}}
Line 594: Line 597:
|
|
|-
|-
| <span id='Ruweiha'>Ruweiha</span><br/>({{lang-ar|رويحة}})
| <span id='Ruweiha'>Ruweiha</span><br/>({{langx|ar|رويحة}})
| [[File:Ruweiha,Basilika-1.jpg|235px]]
| [[File:Ruweiha,Basilika-1.jpg|235px]]
| {{Coord|35|44|16.88|N|36|41|41.57|E|name=Ruweiha}}
| {{Coord|35|44|16.88|N|36|41|41.57|E|name=Ruweiha}}
Line 600: Line 603:
|
|
|-
|-
| [[Serjilla]]<br/>({{lang-ar|سرجيلا}})
| [[Serjilla]]<br/>({{langx|ar|سرجيلا}})
| [[File:Sejilla-ruins.jpg|235px]]
| [[File:Sejilla-ruins.jpg|235px]]
| {{Coord|35|40|17.55|N|36|35|05.51|E|name=Serjilla}}
| {{Coord|35|40|17.55|N|36|35|05.51|E|name=Serjilla}}
Line 606: Line 609:
|
|
|-
|-
| [[Shinan, Syria|Shinan]]<br/>({{lang-ar|شنان}})
| [[Shinan, Syria|Shinan]]<br/>({{langx|ar|شنان}})
|
|
| {{Coord|35|44|7|N|36|36|42|E|name=Shinan}}
| {{Coord|35|44|7|N|36|36|42|E|name=Shinan}}
Line 612: Line 615:
|
|
|-
|-
| Shinshirah<br/>({{lang-ar|شنشراح}})
| Shinshirah<br/>({{langx|ar|شنشراح}})
|
|
| {{Coord|35|38|24.88|N|36|34|08.41|E|name=Shinshirah}}
| {{Coord|35|38|24.88|N|36|34|08.41|E|name=Shinshirah}}
Line 618: Line 621:
|
|
|-
|-
| Wadi Martahun<br/>({{lang-ar|وادي مرتحون}})
| Wadi Martahun<br/>({{langx|ar|وادي مرتحون}})
|
|
| {{Coord|35|40|30.13|N|36|30|55.15|E|name=Wadi Martahun}}
| {{Coord|35|40|30.13|N|36|30|55.15|E|name=Wadi Martahun}}
Line 626: Line 629:
|}
|}


==See also==
== See also ==
* [[World Heritage Sites in Danger]]
* [[World Heritage Sites in Danger]]


==References==
== References ==
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}


==External links==
== External links ==
{{Commons category-inline}}
{{Commonscatinline}}
* [https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/5115/ Simeon Citadel and Dead Cities], Suggestion to have the Dead Cities recognized as a UNESCO world heritage site, in 2006, as part of "Simeon Citadel and Dead Cities"-project.
* [https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1348/ Ancient Villages of Northern Syria], are inscribed on the [[World Heritage Site|UNESCO world heritage list]], in 2011 and on the [[List of World Heritage in Danger]] in 2013.
* [http://www.pbase.com/dosseman_syria/deadcities Pictures of four dead cities]
* [http://www.pbase.com/dosseman_syria/deadcities Pictures of four dead cities]


Latest revision as of 18:00, 21 October 2024

This article is about archaeological sites in Syria. For the album by The Future Sound of London, see Dead Cities (album).
Ancient Villages of Northern Syria
UNESCO World Heritage Site
View of Serjilla
LocationLimestone Massif, Syria
Includes
CriteriaCultural: (iii)(iv)(v)
Reference1348
Inscription2011 (35th Session)
Endangered2013–present
Area12,290 ha (30,400 acres)
Coordinates36°20′3″N 36°50′39″E / 36.33417°N 36.84417°E / 36.33417; 36.84417
Dead Cities is located in Syria
Dead Cities
Location of Dead Cities in Syria
Dead Cities is located in West and Central Asia
Dead Cities
Dead Cities (West and Central Asia)

The Dead Cities (Arabic: المدن الميتة) or Forgotten Cities (Arabic: المدن المنسية) are a group of 700 abandoned settlements in northwest Syria between Aleppo and Idlib. Around 40 villages grouped in eight archaeological parks situated in north-western Syria provide an insight into rural life in Late Antiquity and during the Byzantine period. Most of the villages, which date from the 1st to 7th centuries, were abandoned between the 8th and 10th centuries. The settlements feature the well-preserved architectural remains of dwellings, pagan temples, churches, cisterns, bathhouses, etc. Important dead cities include the Church of Saint Simeon Stylites, Dahis, Serjilla, Ruweiha and al Bara.

The Dead Cities are situated in an elevated area of limestone known as Limestone Massif. These ancient settlements cover an area 20–40 km (12–25 mi) wide and some 140 km (87 mi) long.[1] The Massif includes three groups of highlands: the first is the northern group of Mount Simeon and Mount Kurd; the second middle group is the group of Harim Mountains; the third southern group is the group of Zawiya Mountain.

History

[edit]
The location of Dead Cities in the northwestern parts of Syria

Chris Wickham, in the authoritative survey of the post-Roman world, "Framing the Early Middle Ages" (2006) argues that these were settlements of prosperous peasants which have few or no specifically urban features. The impressive remains of domestic architecture are the result of the prosperity of peasants who benefited from a strong international trade in olive oil at the end of Antiquity.

Another argument is that these were prosperous cities that flourished because they were located along major trade routes in the Byzantine Empire, and not merely prosperous peasant settlements. After conquest by the Arabs, the trade routes changed, and as a result, these towns lost the majority of the business which fostered their economies. On this view, settlers eventually abandoned their towns and headed for other cities that were flourishing under the Arabs and the Umayyads as increasing urbanisation took its toll.

The ancient villages of the Dead Cities illustrate the transition from the ancient pagan world of the Roman Empire to Byzantine Christianity.

The Dead Cites were inscribed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2011, under the name of "Ancient Villages of Northern Syria".[2] The Dead Cities were the 1348th site to be added to UNESCO's World Heritage Site list. The Dead Cities have been on the Endangered UNESCO list since 2013, meaning the site was not endangered for only two years.

Before the Syrian Civil War most sites had become easily accessible, the majority of the dead cities were well-preserved and tourists could access the sites quite freely, though some of the Dead Cities are quite difficult to reach without a guide (there is a guidebook by Abdallah Hadjar with a detailed map that is useful for finding the lesser known sites; The Church of St Simeon Stylites and Other Archaeological Sites in the Mountains of Simeon and Halaqa. However, the Syrian Civil War has caused Syrian refugees to flee to these sites in hopes of finding shelter.[3] In various areas, refugees have repurposed the stone ruins located on these sites to rebuild their livelihoods.[4]

Archeological sites

[edit]

Dead cities and archeological sites in Limestone Massif include Church of Saint Simeon Stylites, Serjilla, Bara, Basufan, Barisha, Qalb Loze, Barad, Cyrrhus, Turmanin, Banabil, Kafr Aruq, Kafr Dariyan, Babuline, Hazarin, Jarada, Maghara, Shinan, Farkya, Ein Laruz, Ebla, Deir Sunbul, Al-Dana, Sarmada and Al-Dana.[5][6]

Mount Simeon, Mount Kurd and Mount Ḥalqa

[edit]
Name
 Image Coordinates Governorate Notes
Barad
(Arabic: براد) 		36°23′8″N 36°53′57″E / 36.38556°N 36.89917°E / 36.38556; 36.89917 (Barad, Syria) Aleppo An ancient settlement, located 32 km (20 mi) west of Aleppo, has many old basilicas; for example, the Saint Julianus Maronite monastery (399-402 AD) where the shrine of Saint Maron is located, and a basilica at the northern part of the village built in 561.
Barjaka or Burj Suleiman village
(Arabic: برجكة) 		36°19′25.80″N 36°53′35.71″E / 36.3238333°N 36.8932528°E / 36.3238333; 36.8932528 (Barjaka) Aleppo Located 26 km (16 mi) northwest of Aleppo. The site has remnants of an old hermit tower and a well-preserved chapel from the 6th century.
Basufan
(Arabic: باصوفان) 		36°20′26.69″N 36°52′33.11″E / 36.3407472°N 36.8758639°E / 36.3407472; 36.8758639 (Basufan) Aleppo
Batuta
(Arabic: بطوطة) 		36°18′21″N 36°53′14″E / 36.30583°N 36.88722°E / 36.30583; 36.88722 (Batuta) Aleppo Village founded in the 4th century CE. By the 6th century, it had two churches and more than twelve other stone buildings.
Baziher
(Arabic: بازيهر) 		36°19′7″N 36°52′29″E / 36.31861°N 36.87472°E / 36.31861; 36.87472 (Baziher) Aleppo
Benastur Monastery
(Arabic: بنستور) 		36°18′12.00″N 36°55′23.00″E / 36.3033333°N 36.9230556°E / 36.3033333; 36.9230556 (Benastur) Aleppo
Churches of Sheikh Suleiman village
(Arabic: كنائس شيخ سليمان) 		36°16′24.00″N 36°54′36.00″E / 36.2733333°N 36.9100000°E / 36.2733333; 36.9100000 (Sheikh Suleiman) Aleppo Located 28 km (17 mi) west of Aleppo, is notable for its three ancient churches: a ruined church located at the centre of the village, a well-preserved southern basilica which was built in 602, and the Church of the Virgin Mary which belongs to the late fifth century and is considered one of the most beautiful churches in northern Syria.[7] There is a hermit tower in the northern side of the village.
Church of Saint Simeon Stylites (Deir Semaan)
(Arabic: دير سمعان) 		36°19′35.00″N 36°50′01.00″E / 36.3263889°N 36.8336111°E / 36.3263889; 36.8336111 (Deir Semaan) Aleppo One of the most celebrated ecclesiastical monuments in Syria and among the oldest standing Christian churches in the world. It is located about 35 km (22 mi) northwest of Aleppo.
Cyrrhus
(Arabic: سيروس – نبي هوري) 		36°44′39″N 36°57′33″E / 36.74417°N 36.95917°E / 36.74417; 36.95917 (Cyrrhus) Aleppo An ancient city located 65 km (40 mi) north of Aleppo, is the site of Saints Cosmas and Damian Church (commonly known as Nabi Houri church), as well as a Roman amphitheatre and two old Roman bridges.
Deir Amman churches
(Arabic: دير عمان) 		36°12′8″N 36°49′18″E / 36.20222°N 36.82167°E / 36.20222; 36.82167 (Deir Amman) Aleppo
Deir Mishmish Church
(Arabic: كنيسة دير مشمش) 		36°27′47″N 36°55′1″E / 36.46306°N 36.91694°E / 36.46306; 36.91694 (Deir Mishmish) Aleppo
Deir Turmanin
(Arabic: دير ترمانين) 		36°14′30″N 36°49′24″E / 36.24167°N 36.82333°E / 36.24167; 36.82333 (Deir Turmanin) Idlib The ruins of the Byzantine monastery of Deir Turmanin are built around a paved courtyard containing two cisterns, a sarcophagus and several tombs. They include a building that housed the monks' dormitories, and the large basilica built around 480 AD.
Fafertin Church
(Arabic: كنيسة فافرتين) 		36°19′13.79″N 36°54′26.41″E / 36.3204972°N 36.9073361°E / 36.3204972; 36.9073361 (Fafertin) Aleppo A half-ruined Late Roman basilica dates to 372 AD; it is located 22 km (14 mi) northwest of Aleppo. According to the Aleppine historian Abdallah Hajjar, Fafertin Basilica is among the oldest dated churches in the world.[8]
Kafr Kira settlement in Burj Heidar village
(Arabic: كفر كيرا في برج حيدر) 		West Church, Burj Haidar (برج حيدر), Syria - Nave colonnades, view from southwest 36°20′36.05″N 36°54′09.08″E / 36.3433472°N 36.9025222°E / 36.3433472; 36.9025222 (Kafr Kira) Aleppo Located 24 km (15 mi) northwest of Aleppo, has many half-ruined Christian structures dating back to the fourth and sixth centuries.
Kafr Lab
(Arabic: كفر لاب) 		36°20′08.09″N 36°53′26.79″E / 36.3355806°N 36.8907750°E / 36.3355806; 36.8907750 (Kafr Lab) Aleppo
Kafr Lusein
(Arabic: كفر لوسين) 		36°15′19.88″N 36°42′42.03″E / 36.2555222°N 36.7116750°E / 36.2555222; 36.7116750 (Kafr Lusein) Aleppo
Kafr Nabu
(Arabic: كفر نابو) 		36°21′36.54″N 36°54′28.88″E / 36.3601500°N 36.9080222°E / 36.3601500; 36.9080222 (Kafr Nabu) Aleppo Located 29 km (18 mi) west of Aleppo, is an Assyrian settlement of the ninth century BC and the site of a Roman temple which was converted into a church. There are also well-preserved residential buildings from the fifth and sixth centuries.
Kalota Castle and churches
(Arabic: كالوطة) 		East Church, Kalota, Syria - Nave looking east 36°21′18.22″N 36°56′33.51″E / 36.3550611°N 36.9426417°E / 36.3550611; 36.9426417 (Kalota) Aleppo Located 20 km northwest of Aleppo. The castle was originally built as a Roman temple during the 2nd century AD. After converting to Christianity, the temple was turned into a basilica within the 5th century.[9] As a result of the wars between the Hamadanids and the Byzantine Empire, the church was turned into a castle during the 10th century.[10] There are two well-preserved churches near the castle: the eastern church built in 492 and the western church of the 6th century.
Kharab Shams Basilica
(Arabic: خرب شمس) 		36°20′22.0″N 36°56′34.0″E / 36.339444°N 36.942778°E / 36.339444; 36.942778 (Kharab Shams Basilica) Aleppo One of the oldest best-preserved Christian structures in the Levant dates to the fourth century CE.[11] The Byzantine church is located 21 km (13 mi) northwest of Aleppo.
Kimar, near Basuta village
(Arabic: كيمار) 		East Church, Kimar, Syria - View of apse from west 36°25′25.3″N 36°53′45.4″E / 36.423694°N 36.895944°E / 36.423694; 36.895944 (Kimar) Aleppo Located 35 km (22 mi) northwest of Aleppo, is a fifth-century CE village of the Late Roman and Byzantine eras; it has many well-preserved churches, towers and old water cisterns.
Mushabbak Basilica
(Arabic: المشبك) 		36°15′17.00″N 36°53′01.00″E / 36.2547222°N 36.8836111°E / 36.2547222; 36.8836111 (Mushabbak Basilica) Aleppo A well-preserved church from the second half of the fifth century (around 470), is located 25 km (16 mi) west of Aleppo, near the town of Daret A'zzeh.
Qatura
(Arabic: قاطورة) 		36°18′02.71″N 36°49′48.34″E / 36.3007528°N 36.8300944°E / 36.3007528; 36.8300944 (Qatura) Aleppo
Refade
(Arabic: رفادة) 		36°18′57″N 36°49′19″E / 36.31583°N 36.82194°E / 36.31583; 36.82194 (Refade) Idlib
Sargible
(Arabic: سرجبلا) 		36°14′17″N 36°42′59″E / 36.23806°N 36.71639°E / 36.23806; 36.71639 (Sargible) Idlib
Set al-Roum
(Arabic: ست الروم) 		36°18′37″N 36°50′3″E / 36.31028°N 36.83417°E / 36.31028; 36.83417 (Set al-Roum) Aleppo
Sheikh Barakat
(Arabic: الشيخ بركات) 		36°16′40″N 36°49′18″E / 36.27778°N 36.82167°E / 36.27778; 36.82167 (Sheikh Barakat) Aleppo
Sinkhar historic settlement
(Arabic: سنخار) 		36°17′52.00″N 36°54′30.00″E / 36.2977778°N 36.9083333°E / 36.2977778; 36.9083333 (Sinhar) Aleppo Locally known as Simkhar, is located 24 km (15 mi) northwest of Aleppo in an isolated valley. The village was inhabited between the second and seventh centuries. Its Basilica is among the oldest churches in Syria and dates back to the fourth century, while the nearby chapel is sixth century.
Sugane village
(Arabic: صوغانة) 		36°26′11.5″N 36°55′40.0″E / 36.436528°N 36.927778°E / 36.436528; 36.927778 (Sugane) Aleppo Located 40 km (25 mi) northwest of Aleppo, is home to two half-ruined churches and old water cisterns.
Surqaniya village
(Arabic: سرقانيا) 		6th c. CE Church, Surqaniya (سرقانيا), Syria - South and west façades 36°18′59.00″N 36°54′02.00″E / 36.3163889°N 36.9005556°E / 36.3163889; 36.9005556 (Surqanya) Aleppo Located 23 km (14 mi) northwest of Aleppo, preserves the remains of an old Byzantine settlement with a half-ruined sixth-century chapel.
Taladah Church and Monastery
(Arabic: تل عادة) 		36°15′5″N 36°48′4″E / 36.25139°N 36.80111°E / 36.25139; 36.80111 (Taladah) Idlib
Taqla
(Arabic: تقلا) 		36°19′09.96″N 36°50′51.03″E / 36.3194333°N 36.8475083°E / 36.3194333; 36.8475083 (Taqla) Aleppo
Zarzita
(Arabic: زرزيتا) 		Tower and porch, Zarzita (زرزيتا), Syria - View from southwest 36°17′34.24″N 36°48′03.48″E / 36.2928444°N 36.8009667°E / 36.2928444; 36.8009667 (Zarzita) Aleppo

Harim Mountains (Mount Bārīshā and Mount A'lā)

[edit]
Name
 Image Coordinates Governorate Notes
al-Breij
(Arabic: البريج) 		36°11′58.26″N 36°40′52.24″E / 36.1995167°N 36.6811778°E / 36.1995167; 36.6811778 (al-Breij) Idlib
al-Kfeir
(Arabic: الكفير) 		36°11′13.52″N 36°34′03.64″E / 36.1870889°N 36.5676778°E / 36.1870889; 36.5676778 (al-Kfeir) Idlib Located in the mountainous region of Mount Aʻlā, less than two kilometers from Qalb Loze
Bab Al-Hawa
(Arabic: باب الهوا) 		36°12′19.42″N 36°43′31.37″E / 36.2053944°N 36.7253806°E / 36.2053944; 36.7253806 (Bab Al-Hawa) Idlib Located 50 km (31 mi) west of Aleppo on the Turkish border, is the site of several fourth century churches and a well-preserved historical gate from the sixth century AD.
Babisqa
(Arabic: بابسقا) 		36°12′53.17″N 36°41′23.17″E / 36.2147694°N 36.6897694°E / 36.2147694; 36.6897694 (Babisqa) Idlib
Bamuqa
(Arabic: باموقا) 		36°12′02.23″N 36°38′18.40″E / 36.2006194°N 36.6384444°E / 36.2006194; 36.6384444 (Bamuqa) Idlib
Banabil
(Arabic: بنابل) 		36°12′01.99″N 36°33′41.31″E / 36.2005528°N 36.5614750°E / 36.2005528; 36.5614750 (Banabil) Idlib
Banqusa
(Arabic: بانقوسا) 		36°5′54″N 36°37′36″E / 36.09833°N 36.62667°E / 36.09833; 36.62667 (Banqusa) Idlib
Baqirha
(Arabic: باقرحا) 		36°12′22.91″N 36°39′35.87″E / 36.2063639°N 36.6599639°E / 36.2063639; 36.6599639 (Baqirha) Idlib
Barisha
(Arabic: باريشا) 		36°09′58″N 36°38′10″E / 36.16611°N 36.63611°E / 36.16611; 36.63611 (Barisha) Idlib
Barish al-Shamali
(Arabic: باريش الشمالي) 		36°11′00.37″N 36°34′50.53″E / 36.1834361°N 36.5807028°E / 36.1834361; 36.5807028 (Barish al-Shamali) Idlib
Bashkuh
(Arabic: باشكوح) 		36°11′39.76″N 36°37′54.20″E / 36.1943778°N 36.6317222°E / 36.1943778; 36.6317222 (Bashkuh) Idlib
Bashmishli
(Arabic: باشمشلي) 		36°11′44″N 36°35′37″E / 36.19556°N 36.59361°E / 36.19556; 36.59361 (Bashmishli) Idlib
Bauda
(Arabic: بعودا) 		36°12′54.63″N 36°41′51.14″E / 36.2151750°N 36.6975389°E / 36.2151750; 36.6975389 (Bauda, North) Idlib Located just a few kilometers from the Turkish border on the far northeastern edge of Jebel Barisha.
Behyo
(Arabic: بحيو) 		36°09′09.10″N 36°34′45.24″E / 36.1525278°N 36.5792333°E / 36.1525278; 36.5792333 (Behyo) Idlib Village in northwestern Syria, built in the 5th and 6th centuries. Archaeological remains include two churches, olive presses, villas and other dwellings.
Beitar
(Arabic: بيتر) 		36°11′35.73″N 36°34′50.01″E / 36.1932583°N 36.5805583°E / 36.1932583; 36.5805583 (Beitar) Idlib
Beshandlaya
(Arabic: بشندلايا) 		36°08′37.80″N 36°33′24.21″E / 36.1438333°N 36.5567250°E / 36.1438333; 36.5567250 (Bshendlaya - Rashadiya) Idlib
Binsira
(Arabic: بنصرة) 		36°1′1″N 36°25′13″E / 36.01694°N 36.42028°E / 36.01694; 36.42028 (Binsira) Idlib
Burj Aizarara
(Arabic: برج عيزارارا) 		36°08′48.18″N 36°40′33.54″E / 36.1467167°N 36.6759833°E / 36.1467167; 36.6759833 (Burj Aizarara) Idlib
Dahis
(Arabic: داحس) 		36°10′49.06″N 36°37′48.84″E / 36.1802944°N 36.6302333°E / 36.1802944; 36.6302333 (Dahis) Idlib
Dana
(Arabic: الدانا) 		36°12′47″N 36°46′14″E / 36.21306°N 36.77056°E / 36.21306; 36.77056 (Dana, North) Idlib Located north of Idlib, 38 kilometers west of Aleppo, and just east of the border with Turkey.
Deirouni
(Arabic: ديروني) 		Monastery, Deirouni (ديروني), Syria - West and south façades of chapel 36°12′40.19″N 36°39′36.82″E / 36.2111639°N 36.6602278°E / 36.2111639; 36.6602278 (Deirouni) Idlib
Deir Qeita
(Arabic: دير قيتا) 		36°12′54.43″N 36°39′57.35″E / 36.2151194°N 36.6659306°E / 36.2151194; 36.6659306 (Deir Qeita) Idlib
Deir Seita
(Arabic: دير سيتا) 		36°06′01.23″N 36°38′40.67″E / 36.1003417°N 36.6446306°E / 36.1003417; 36.6446306 (Deir Seita) Idlib
Fasuq
(Arabic: الفاسوق) 		36°1′6″N 36°27′5″E / 36.01833°N 36.45139°E / 36.01833; 36.45139 (Fasuq) Idlib
Kafr Aqab
(Arabic: كفر عقاب) 		36°1′54″N 36°26′47″E / 36.03167°N 36.44639°E / 36.03167; 36.44639 (Kafr Aqab) Idlib
Kafr Aruq
(Arabic: كفر عروق) 		36°7′14″N 36°39′21″E / 36.12056°N 36.65583°E / 36.12056; 36.65583 (Kafr Aruq) Idlib
Kafr Dariyan
(Arabic: كفر دريان) 		36°10′18.00″N 36°40′11.00″E / 36.1716667°N 36.6697222°E / 36.1716667; 36.6697222 (Kafr Dariyan) Idlib
Khirbet al-Khatib
(Arabic: خربة الخطيب) 		36°12′49″N 36°38′17″E / 36.21361°N 36.63806°E / 36.21361; 36.63806 (Khirbet al-Khatib) Idlib
Kseibjeh
(Arabic: كسيبجة) 		36°12′30″N 36°42′20″E / 36.20833°N 36.70556°E / 36.20833; 36.70556 (Kseibjeh) Idlib
Kukaniyeh
(Arabic: كوكانية) 		36°06′53.12″N 36°36′24.74″E / 36.1147556°N 36.6068722°E / 36.1147556; 36.6068722 (Kukaniyeh) Idlib
Ma'suratah
(Arabic: معصراتة) 		36°9′46″N 36°33′4″E / 36.16278°N 36.55111°E / 36.16278; 36.55111 (Ma'suratah) Idlib
Maaz
(Arabic: ماعز) 		36°08′44.69″N 36°40′01.46″E / 36.1457472°N 36.6670722°E / 36.1457472; 36.6670722 (Maaz) Idlib
Qalb Loze
(Arabic: قلب لوزة) 		36°10′9″N 36°34′50″E / 36.16917°N 36.58056°E / 36.16917; 36.58056 (Qalb Loze) Idlib
Qarqbizeh
(Arabic: قرقبيزة) 		36°10′30.29″N 36°35′07.93″E / 36.1750806°N 36.5855361°E / 36.1750806; 36.5855361 (Qarqbizeh) Idlib
Sarfud
(Arabic: صرفود) 		36°11′11.70″N 36°41′17.99″E / 36.1865833°N 36.6883306°E / 36.1865833; 36.6883306 (Sarfud) Idlib
Sarmada
(Arabic: سرمدا) 		36°10′57.48″N 36°43′52.38″E / 36.1826333°N 36.7312167°E / 36.1826333; 36.7312167 (Sarmada) Idlib

Mount Zāwiya

[edit]
Name
 Image Coordinates Governorate Notes
al-Dana
(Arabic: الدانا) 		35°42′12.84″N 36°41′15.75″E / 35.7035667°N 36.6877083°E / 35.7035667; 36.6877083 (al-Dana, South) Idlib A modern village on far eastern edge of Jebel al-Zawiyeh and Jebel Riha.
Babuline
(Arabic: بابولين) 		35°32′16″N 36°40′43″E / 35.53778°N 36.67861°E / 35.53778; 36.67861 (Babuline) Idlib
Bara
(Arabic: بارة) 		35°41′17.42″N 36°31′51.34″E / 35.6881722°N 36.5309278°E / 35.6881722; 36.5309278 (Bara, Syria) Idlib
Bashila
(Arabic: بشيلا) 		35°39′19.68″N 36°31′34.92″E / 35.6554667°N 36.5263667°E / 35.6554667; 36.5263667 (Bashila) Idlib
Batrasa
(Arabic: بترسا) 		35°39′56.15″N 36°32′38.82″E / 35.6655972°N 36.5441167°E / 35.6655972; 36.5441167 (Batrasa) Idlib
Bauda
(Arabic: بعودا) 		35°40′13.78″N 36°34′08.50″E / 35.6704944°N 36.5690278°E / 35.6704944; 36.5690278 (Bauda, South) Idlib Located on the side of the road between the two major sites of Bara and Serjilla.
Deir Sunbul
(Arabic: دير سنبل) 		35°41′52.21″N 36°36′14.35″E / 35.6978361°N 36.6039861°E / 35.6978361; 36.6039861 (Deir Sunbul, Idlib) Idlib
Dellozeh
(Arabic: دللوزة) 		35°41′45.52″N 36°34′57.04″E / 35.6959778°N 36.5825111°E / 35.6959778; 36.5825111 (Dellozeh) Idlib
Ebla
(Arabic: ابلا) 		35°47′52.8″N 36°47′52.8″E / 35.798000°N 36.798000°E / 35.798000; 36.798000 (Ebla) Idlib One of the earliest kingdoms in Syria. Its remains constitute a tell located about 55 km (34 mi) southwest of Aleppo near the village of Mardikh.
Ein Laruz
(Arabic: عين لاروز) 		35°41′1″N 36°26′24″E / 35.68361°N 36.44000°E / 35.68361; 36.44000 (Ein Laruz) Idlib
Farkya
(Arabic: فركيا) 		35°43′26.84″N 36°36′02.49″E / 35.7241222°N 36.6006917°E / 35.7241222; 36.6006917 (Farkya) Idlib
Hazarin
(Arabic: حزارين) 		35°35′56″N 36°31′39″E / 35.59889°N 36.52750°E / 35.59889; 36.52750 (Hazarin) Idlib
Jarada
(Arabic: جرادة) 		35°43′26.43″N 36°42′56.05″E / 35.7240083°N 36.7155694°E / 35.7240083; 36.7155694 (Jarada) Idlib
Maghara
(Arabic: مغارة) 		35°44′03.43″N 36°35′12.27″E / 35.7342861°N 36.5867417°E / 35.7342861; 36.5867417 (Maghara) Idlib
Majliya
(Arabic: مجليا) 		35°40′17.26″N 36°32′28.87″E / 35.6714611°N 36.5413528°E / 35.6714611; 36.5413528 (Majliya) Idlib
Mozra
(Arabic: الموزرة) 		35°39′23″N 36°26′22″E / 35.65639°N 36.43944°E / 35.65639; 36.43944 (Mozra) Idlib
Qasr al-Banat
(Arabic: قصر البنات) 		35°42′33.97″N 36°41′06.35″E / 35.7094361°N 36.6850972°E / 35.7094361; 36.6850972 (Qasr al-Banat) Idlib
Rabiaa
(Arabic: ربيعة) 		35°39′19.62″N 36°34′48.88″E / 35.6554500°N 36.5802444°E / 35.6554500; 36.5802444 (Rabiaa) Idlib
Ruweiha
(Arabic: رويحة) 		35°44′16.88″N 36°41′41.57″E / 35.7380222°N 36.6948806°E / 35.7380222; 36.6948806 (Ruweiha) Idlib
Serjilla
(Arabic: سرجيلا) 		35°40′17.55″N 36°35′05.51″E / 35.6715417°N 36.5848639°E / 35.6715417; 36.5848639 (Serjilla) Idlib
Shinan
(Arabic: شنان) 		35°44′7″N 36°36′42″E / 35.73528°N 36.61167°E / 35.73528; 36.61167 (Shinan) Idlib
Shinshirah
(Arabic: شنشراح) 		35°38′24.88″N 36°34′08.41″E / 35.6402444°N 36.5690028°E / 35.6402444; 36.5690028 (Shinshirah) Idlib
Wadi Martahun
(Arabic: وادي مرتحون) 		35°40′30.13″N 36°30′55.15″E / 35.6750361°N 36.5153194°E / 35.6750361; 36.5153194 (Wadi Martahun) Idlib

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Burns, Ross., Monuments of Syria: An Historical Guide, p. 109
  2. ^ UNESCO. "Ancient Villages of Northern Syria". Retrieved 2011-10-30.
  3. ^ Hubbard, Ben (February 15, 2022) [April 19, 2021]. "Fleeing a Modern War, Syrians Seek Refuge in Ancient Ruins". The New York Times.
  4. ^ "Roman ruins become home for Syrian refugees". The New Arab. 9 February 2015.
  5. ^ "Syria Photo Guide". Archived from the original on 2017-05-14. Retrieved 2017-02-22.
  6. ^ "الخارطة التفاعلية للمواقع الأثرية المتضررة". www.dgam.gov.sy. Archived from the original on July 15, 2020. Retrieved October 27, 2019.
  7. ^ "Walking through the ruins". Jamahir News (in Arabic). Archived from the original on 2012-03-08.
  8. ^ "Aleppo Fafertin Church". Esyria.sy. Retrieved 2013-06-10.
  9. ^ "Aleppo: Kalota village". Esyria.sy. Archived from the original on 2016-08-23. Retrieved 2013-06-10.
  10. ^ "Kalota Church". Qenshrin. Retrieved 2013-06-10.
  11. ^ "Kharab Shams in history". Esyria.sy. 2008-12-13. Retrieved 2013-06-10.
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