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{{Short description|Courtly position in the late medieval Kingdom of Portugal}}
[[File:Illuminated Portrayel of King John II of Portugal, Rui de Pina.PNG|thumb|right|Chief Chronicler [[Rui de Pina]] presents [[Manuel I of Portugal|King Manuel I]] with his ''Chronicle of King John II'', c. 1497-1504.]]
[[File:Illuminated Portrayel of King John II of Portugal, Rui de Pina.PNG|thumb|right|Chief Chronicler [[Rui de Pina]] presents [[Manuel I of Portugal|King Manuel I]] with his ''Chronicle of King John II'', c. 1497-1504.]]
'''Chief Chronicler of the Kingdom''' ({{lang-pt|Cronista-Mor do Reino}}) was a courtly position in the [[Kingdom of Portugal]], formally instituted in 1434 by [[Edward, King of Portugal|King Edward&nbsp;I]]. The Chief Chronicler was the official authority on Portuguese historiography,<ref>{{cite book |last=Blackmore |first=Josiah |date=2002 |title=Manifest Perdition: Shipwreck Narrative and the Disruption of Empire |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9WRPJ5yRZVoC&pg=PA47 |publisher=University of Minnesota Press |page=47 |isbn=0-8166-3849-7 }}</ref> and the post was soon associated to the post of Keeper of the Royal Archives, already centralised in an autonomous way in the 1370s — a singularity in late medieval history in both its precocious creation and organisation.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Costa Gomes |first1=Rita |date=2005 |title=Zurara and the Empire: Reconsidering Fifteenth-Century Portuguese Historiography |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=N9LLxp6azYgC&pg=PA56 |journal=Storia della Storiografia |volume=47 |pages=56–89 |isbn=9788816720473 |access-date=2018-04-03 }}</ref>
'''Chief Chronicler of the Kingdom''' ({{lang-pt|Cronista-Mor do Reino}}) was a courtly position in the [[Kingdom of Portugal]], formally instituted in 1434 by [[Edward, King of Portugal|King Edward&nbsp;I]]. The Chief Chronicler was the official authority on Portuguese historiography,<ref>{{cite book |last=Blackmore |first=Josiah |date=2002 |title=Manifest Perdition: Shipwreck Narrative and the Disruption of Empire |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9WRPJ5yRZVoC&pg=PA47 |publisher=University of Minnesota Press |page=47 |isbn=0-8166-3849-7 }}</ref> and the post was soon associated to the post of Keeper of the Royal Archives, already centralised in an autonomous way in the 1370s — a singularity in late medieval history in both its precocious creation and organisation.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Costa Gomes |first1=Rita |date=2005 |title=Zurara and the Empire: Reconsidering Fifteenth-Century Portuguese Historiography |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=N9LLxp6azYgC&pg=PA56 |journal=Storia della Storiografia |volume=47 |pages=56–89 |isbn=9788816720473 |access-date=2018-04-03 }}</ref>
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# 1726 – Fr. {{ill|Frei Manuel dos Santos|pt|lt=Manuel dos Santos}} {{post-nominals|post-noms=[[Cistercians|OCist]]}}
# 1726 – Fr. {{ill|Frei Manuel dos Santos|pt|lt=Manuel dos Santos}} {{post-nominals|post-noms=[[Cistercians|OCist]]}}
# 1740 – Fr. [[Manuel da Rocha]] {{post-nominals|post-noms=[[Cistercians|OCist]]}}
# 1740 – Fr. [[Manuel da Rocha]] {{post-nominals|post-noms=[[Cistercians|OCist]]}}
# 1745 – Fr. [[António Botelho]] {{post-nominals|post-noms=[[Cistercians|OCist]]}}
# 1745 – Fr. António Botelho {{post-nominals|post-noms=[[Cistercians|OCist]]}}
# 1747 – Fr. [[José da Costa (chronicler)|José da Costa]] {{post-nominals|post-noms=[[Cistercians|OCist]]}}
# 1747 – Fr. [[José da Costa (chronicler)|José da Costa]] {{post-nominals|post-noms=[[Cistercians|OCist]]}}
# 1755 – Fr. [[António Caldeira]] {{post-nominals|post-noms=[[Cistercians|OCist]]}}
# 1755 – Fr. [[António Caldeira]] {{post-nominals|post-noms=[[Cistercians|OCist]]}}

Latest revision as of 20:14, 5 May 2024

Chief Chronicler Rui de Pina presents King Manuel I with his Chronicle of King John II, c. 1497-1504.

Chief Chronicler of the Kingdom (Portuguese: Cronista-Mor do Reino) was a courtly position in the Kingdom of Portugal, formally instituted in 1434 by King Edward I. The Chief Chronicler was the official authority on Portuguese historiography,[1] and the post was soon associated to the post of Keeper of the Royal Archives, already centralised in an autonomous way in the 1370s — a singularity in late medieval history in both its precocious creation and organisation.[2]

The first to occupy the position was Fernão Lopes, in 1434. The last occupant was writer and politician Almeida Garrett, who was sacked in 1841, after fiercely criticising António José de Ávila (who was then Minister of the Exchequer), and no one was appointed to replace him. The following year, Minister of the Kingdom Costa Cabral issued a decree extinguishing the position of Chief Chronicler and transferring its responsibilities to the Keeper of the Royal Archives.[3]

List of Chief Chroniclers of the Kingdom

[edit]
The following list is sorted by date of appointment:[4]
  1. 1434 – Fernão Lopes
  2. 1459 – Gomes Eanes de Zurara
  3. 1484 – Vasco Fernandes de Lucena
  4. 1497 – Rui de Pina
  5. 1525 – Fernão de Pina
  6. 1550 – D. António Pinheiro
  7. 1599 – Francisco de Andrade
  8. 1614 – Fr. Bernardo de Brito OCist
  9. 1618 – João Baptista Lavanha
  10. 1625 – D. Manuel de Meneses
  11. 1630 – Fr. António Brandão OCist
  12. 1644 – Fr. Francisco Brandão OCist
  13. 1682 – Fr. Rafael de Jesus OSB
  14. 1695 – José de Faria
  15. 1709 – Fr. Bernardo de Castelo Branco OCist
  16. 1726 – Fr. Manuel dos Santos [pt] OCist
  17. 1740 – Fr. Manuel da Rocha OCist
  18. 1745 – Fr. António Botelho OCist
  19. 1747 – Fr. José da Costa OCist
  20. 1755 – Fr. António Caldeira OCist
  21. 1784 – Fr. António da Mota OCist
  22. 1807 – Fr. João Huet
  23. 1822 – João Bernardo da Rocha Loureiro
  24. 1823 – Fr. Cláudio da Conceição
  25. 1835 – João Bernardo da Rocha Loureiro
  26. 1838 – João Baptista de Almeida Garrett

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Blackmore, Josiah (2002). Manifest Perdition: Shipwreck Narrative and the Disruption of Empire. University of Minnesota Press. p. 47. ISBN 0-8166-3849-7.
  2. ^ Costa Gomes, Rita (2005). "Zurara and the Empire: Reconsidering Fifteenth-Century Portuguese Historiography". Storia della Storiografia. 47: 56–89. ISBN 9788816720473. Retrieved 2018-04-03.
  3. ^ Decree. 30 November 1842. Retrieved 2018-04-03.
  4. ^ Ribeiro, José Silvestre (1807–1891). "Chronistas Móres". Historia dos estabelecimentos scientificos litterarios e artisticos de Portugal nos successsivos reinados da monarchia (in Portuguese). Vol. VI. Lisboa: Academia Real das Sciências. pp. 298–307.
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