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[[Major (United States)|Major]] '''Nidal Malik Hasan''', [[Doctor of Medicine|MD]] (born September 8, 1970) is a [[Muslim]] [[Palestinian American|Palestinian-American]] [[military psychiatrist]]<ref name="NYT11-9" /> who is the sole suspect in the [[Fort Hood shooting]], and is hospitalized at [[Brooke Army Medical Center]] in [[San Antonio, Texas|San Antonio]], [[Texas]].<ref name="Google" /><ref name="Fox 2" />
[[Major (United States)|Major]] '''Nidal Malik Hasan''', [[Doctor of Medicine|MD]] (born September 8, 1970) is a [[Muslim]] [[Palestinian American|Palestinian-American]] [[military psychiatrist]]<ref name="NYT11-9" /> who is the sole suspect in the [[Fort Hood shooting]], and is hospitalized at [[Brooke Army Medical Center]] in [[San Antonio, Texas|San Antonio]], [[Texas]].<ref name="Google" /><ref name="Fox 2" /> In that shooting, on November 5, 2009, a gunman shouting "Allahu Akbar!" opened fire in the Soldier Readiness Center of [[Fort Hood]], located just outside [[Killeen, Texas]], killing 13 people and wounding 30 others.<ref name="AP 3">{{cite news |title=Lawmakers' briefing causes confusion on wounded |agency=Associated Press |date= November 6, 2009 |url=http://www.google.com/hostednews/ap/article/ALeqM5gu7SCSArjgC8Y38j1nKgA2l3b_-wD9BQBR382}}</ref>


Hasan was born in [[Arlington, Virginia]], to a [[Palestinian people|Palestinian]] family which emigrated to the United States from [[al-Bireh]]. He joined the US Army immediately after high school, and served eight years as an enlisted soldier while attending college.
Hasan was born in [[Arlington, Virginia]], to a [[Palestinian people|Palestinian]] family which emigrated to the United States from [[al-Bireh]]. He joined the US Army immediately after high school, and served eight years as an enlisted soldier while attending college.

Revision as of 07:29, 12 November 2009

Nidal Malik Hasan, MD
Hasan in 2007
Service / branchUnited States Army
Medical Corps[1]
Years of service1988–present
RankMajor
Unit

Major Nidal Malik Hasan, MD (born September 8, 1970) is a Muslim Palestinian-American military psychiatrist[1] who is the sole suspect in the Fort Hood shooting, and is hospitalized at Brooke Army Medical Center in San Antonio, Texas.[2][3] In that shooting, on November 5, 2009, a gunman shouting "Allahu Akbar!" opened fire in the Soldier Readiness Center of Fort Hood, located just outside Killeen, Texas, killing 13 people and wounding 30 others.[4]

Hasan was born in Arlington, Virginia, to a Palestinian family which emigrated to the United States from al-Bireh. He joined the US Army immediately after high school, and served eight years as an enlisted soldier while attending college.

According to one of his cousins, Hasan was a practicing Muslim who had become more devout after the deaths of his parents in 1998 and 2001. In 2001, he attended the Dar al-Hijrah mosque, at the same time as two of the September 11 hijackers, Nawaf al-Hazmi and Hani Hanjour.[5][6] However, it is not known if Hasan ever encountered them.[7]

Hasan had come to the attention of federal authorities at least six months before the attacks because of internet postings he appeared to have made discussing suicide bombings and other threats, though authorities at the time had not definitively attributed the postings. Hasan was investigated by the FBI after intelligence agencies intercepted 10 to 20 emails over several months with radical cleric Anwar al-Awlaki.

After the attack, Awlaki praised Hasan for the shooting; on his personal website, he encouraged other Muslims serving in the military to "follow in the footsteps of men like Nidal."[8]

Biography

Early life

Hasan was born in Arlington, Virginia, to Palestinian parents who emigrated to the US from al-Bireh in the West Bank, where cousins of his and his grandfather Ismail Mustafa Hamad still live.[9][10][11][12][13]

Hasan attended Wakefield High School for a year in Arlington, but primarily attended William Fleming High School in Roanoke.[14][15]

Hasan, along with his two younger brothers, Anas and Eyad, assisted his parents in operating the family's restaurant in Roanoke, Virginia. Anes is now a lawyer living in Ramallah, the administrative capital of the Palestinian National Authority. Eyad graduated from George Mason University and is a human resources officer for a medical research firm in Virginia.[16]

Higher education, military service, and medical career

Slide 49/50 of The Koranic World View As It Relates to Muslims in the U.S. Military, a presentation made by Hasan during a symposium of U.S. Army physicians at Walter Reed Army Medical Center

Hasan joined the Army immediately after high school, and served eight years as an enlisted soldier while attending college. He graduated from Virginia Tech in 1997 with a bachelor's degree in biochemistry, and went on to medical school at the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences ("USUHS").[17] After earning his medical degree (M.D.) in 2001, Hasan completed his residency in psychiatry at Walter Reed Army Medical Center.[18] While an intern at Walter Reed, he received counseling and extra supervision.[19]

According to the Washington Post, Hasan made a presentation titled The Koranic World View As It Relates to Muslims in the U.S. Military during his senior year of residency at Walter Reed Army Medical Center. The presentation, which was not well received by some of the attendees, recommended that the Department of Defense "should allow Muslims [sic] Soldiers the option of being released as "Conscientious objectors" to increase troop morale and decrease adverse events."[20][21]

In 2009, he completed a fellowship in Disaster and Preventive Psychiatry at the Center for Traumatic Stress.[22] Hasan was promoted from Captain to Major in May 2009.[22][23] Before being transferred to Fort Hood in July 2009, Hasan received a poor performance evaluation.[24]

A cousin of Hasan's claimed that Hasan had been harassed by his fellow soldiers because of his Middle Eastern ethnicity. Said the cousin, "He was dealing with some harassment from his military colleagues. I don’t think he’s ever been disenchanted with the military. It was the harassment. He hired a military attorney to try to have the issue resolved, pay back the government, to get out of the military. He was at the end of trying everything."[25] Hasan's aunt corroborated his cousin's account, saying that Hasan sought discharge because of harassment relating to his Islamic faith.[26] An army spokesman could not confirm the relatives' statements,[27] and the deputy director of the American Muslim Armed Forces and Veterans Affairs Council released a statement calling the reported harassment "inconsistent" with their records.[28]

In August 2009, according to a Killeen police report, someone vandalized Hasan's automobile with a key, for which repair was estimated at $1,000. Police charged another soldier for the incident, and a neighbor who knew both men said the soldier vandalized Hasan's vehicle because of Hasan's religion.[26]

According to some sources, Hasan is single without any children.[29][30] However, David Cook, a former neighbor, said two sons were living with Hasan around 1997, and attending local schools. Cook said, "As far as I know, he was a single father. I never saw a wife."[13] According to military records, Hasan was unmarried.[31]

Religious and ideological beliefs

According to one of his cousins, Hasan was a practicing Muslim who became more devout after his parents died in 1998 and 2001.[10] His cousin did not recall him ever expressing any radical or anti-American views.[10] His family also claimed that Hasan is a peaceful person, and a "good American".[32] One of Hasan's cousins, Nader Hasan, a lawyer in Fairfax, Virginia, said Nidal Hasan turned against the wars after hearing stories of those who came back from Afghanistan and Iraq.[33] His aunt said, however, that the family did not know he was being sent to Afghanistan. "He didn't tell us he was going to deploy," she said.[34]

In 2001, Hasan attended the Dar al-Hijrah mosque in Falls Church, Virginia.[5][6] During this period, it is believed that Nawaf al-Hazmi and Hani Hanjour (two of the September 11 hijackers), and Ahmed Omar Abu Ali (who was convicted of providing material support to al Qaeda and conspiracy to assassinate President George W. Bush), attended the same mosque, but it is not known whether Hasan encountered them.[7][5][6][35][36] Anwar al-Awlaki, now living in Yemen, was the imam there at the time, and has issued a statement in support of the shootings. The imam was a spiritual adviser to the hijackers, and Hasan has been reported to have deep respect for Awlaki's teachings.[37] Awlaki has been called "one of the principal jihadi luminaries for would-be homegrown terrorists," by Evan Kohlmann, a terrorism consultant for the U.S. and other governments, and Kohlmann said Awlaki's lecture on "Constants on the Path of Jihad" is similar to an Al Qaeda document, and is a "bible for lone-wolf Muslim extremists."[38] In their 2009 book that preceded the Fort Hood shooting, Dave Gaubatz and Paul Sperry reported that a senior Homeland Security official had warned that Awlaki "is actively targeting 'U.S. Muslims with radical online lectures encouraging terrorist attacks from his new home in Yemen.'"[39]

After the attack, Awlaki praised Hasan for the shooting; on his personal website, he encouraged other Muslims serving in the military to "follow in the footsteps of men like Nidal."[8] Awlaki teaches at Iman University, headed by Abdul Majeed al-Zindani who has been designated "Specially Designated Global Terrorist" by the US Treasury Department. Zindani also appears on the UN 1267 Committee's list[40] of individuals belonging to or associated with al-Qaeda. Hasan sent emails to people associated with Al Qaeda, two U.S. officials said.[41]

ABC News has reported that U.S. officials were aware that Hasan had attempted to contact Al Qaeda.[42] Also according to ABC News Hasan had "more unexplained connections to people being tracked by the FBI" than just radical cleric Anwar al-Awlaki.[43]

Faizul Khan, the former imam of a Silver Spring, Maryland, mosque where Hasan prayed several times a week said he was "a reserved guy with a nice personality. We discussed religious matters. He was a fairly devout Muslim."[13] Hasan often expressed his wish to get married, and Khan said "I got the impression that he was a committed soldier."[26]

During a psychiatry fellowship at USUHS, Air Force Lt. Col. Dr. Val Finnell, a medical school classmate, said that while other students' projects focused on topics such as water contamination, Hasan's project dealt with "whether the war on terror is a war against Islam."[44] According to retired Colonel Terry Lee, "He said 'maybe Muslims should stand up and fight against the aggressor'. At first we thought he meant help the armed forces, but apparently that wasn't the case. Other times he would make comments we shouldn't be in the war in the first place."[45]

Employees of an erotic dance club near Fort Hood identified Hasan as a regular customer.[46]

Prior investigations

Hasan had come to the attention of federal authorities at least six months before the attacks, because of internet postings he appeared to have made discussing suicide bombings and other threats, though authorities at the time had not definitively tied the postings to him.[44][24] The postings, made in the name "NidalHasan," likened a suicide bomber to a soldier who throws himself on a grenade to save his colleagues, and sacrifices his life for a "more noble cause."[44] No official investigation was opened.[24]

ABC News reported that officials were aware that Hasan had attempted to contact Al Qaeda.[42] Also according to ABC News Hasan had "more unexplained connections to people being tracked by the FBI" than just radical cleric Awlaki.[47]

Hasan was investigated by the FBI after intelligence agencies intercepted 10 to 20 emails over several months starting in December 2008 until early 2009 with Awlaki, who was under surveillance. Army employees were informed of the contacts, but there was no threat was perceived from the general questions about spiritual guidance regarding conflicts between Islam and military service, which were judged to be consistent with mental health research about Muslims in the armed services.[48]

A DC-based joint terrorism task force that operates under the FBI was notified, and the information reviewed by one of its Defense Criminal Investigative Service employees. The assessment concluded there was not sufficient information for a larger investigation.[49]

Despite two Defense Department investigators on two joint task forces having looked into Hasan's communications, higher-ups at the Department of Defense stated they were not notified before the incident of such investigations.[50]

Fort Hood shooting

First responders transport a U.S. soldier that was wounded in the Fort Hood shooting
Main article: Fort Hood shooting

Hasan gave away furniture from his home on the morning of the shooting, saying he was going to be deployed on Friday.[51] He also handed out copies of the Quran.[52] He was to be deployed to Afghanistan, contrary to earlier reports that he was to go to Iraq,[53] on November 28. According to Jeff Sadoski, spokesperson of U.S. Senator Kay Bailey Hutchison, "Hasan was upset about his deployment".[54]

Kamran Pasha wrote about an account from a Muslim officer at Fort Hood who says that he prayed with Hasan on the day of the Fort Hood shooting, and that Hasan "appeared relaxed and not in any way troubled or nervous". This officer believed that the shootings may be been motivated by religious radicalism.[55]

Retrospective analysis

A military activist, Selena Coppa, said: "This man was a psychiatrist and was working with other psychiatrists every day and they failed to notice how deeply disturbed someone right in their midst was."[56]

Hasan's alleged extremist beliefs were apparently a cause for concern among some of his peers. While at USUHS, Hasan was disciplined for "proselytizing about his Muslim faith with patients and colleagues",[57] as well as for an incident in which a lecture, expected to be of a medical nature, became a diatribe against "infidels." Army doctor Lt. Val Finnell complained to superiors about Hasan's statements. Finnell said, "The system is not doing what it's supposed to do. He at least should have been confronted about these beliefs, told to cease and desist, and to shape up or ship out."[56] Finnell added: "The issue here is that there's a political correctness climate in the military. They don't want to say anything because it would be considered questioning somebody's religious belief, or they're afraid of an equal opportunity lawsuit".[26]

Post-shooting

Hasan was placed under guard in Brooke Army Medical Center's intensive care unit, and his condition described as "stable".[58] News reports on the morning of November 7, 2009, indicated that Hasan was in a coma.[59]

On November 9, Brooke Army Medical Center spokesman Dewey Mitchell announced that Hasan had regained consciousness, and been able to talk since he was taken off the ventilator on November 7.[60] According to the Associated Press, officials plan to charge him in a military court.[61] While Hasan is communicative, he refuses to talk to investigators.[62]

John P. Galligan, a retired United States Army colonel, is representing Hasan.[63]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c d McKinley, Jr., James C. (November 8, 2009). "Fort Hood Gunman Gave Signals Before His Rampage". The New York Times. Retrieved November 9, 2009. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |work= (help); Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
  2. ^ Carlton, Jeff (November 6, 2009). "Ft. Hood suspect reportedly shouted `Allahu Akbar'". Associated Press. Retrieved November 6, 2009. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  3. ^ "Terrorism or Tragic Shooting? Analysts Divided on Fort Hood Massacre". Fox News. November 7, 2009. Retrieved November 8, 2009. The authorities have not ruled out terrorism in the shooting, but they said the preliminary evidence suggests that it wasn't. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |work= (help)
  4. ^ "Lawmakers' briefing causes confusion on wounded". Associated Press. November 6, 2009.
  5. ^ a b c Fort Hood shooting: Texas army killer linked to September 11 terrorists, The Telegraph, November 7, 2009 Cite error: The named reference "Telegraph 2" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
  6. ^ a b c Alleged Shooter Tied to Mosque of 9 / 11 Hijackers, The New York Times, November 8, 2009
  7. ^ a b "Hasan's Computer Reveals No Terror Ties," KNX 1070, November 9, 2009
  8. ^ a b Hess, Pamela and Sullivan, Eileen, "Radical imam praises alleged Fort Hood shooter," Associated Press, November 9, 2009, accessed November 10, 2009
  9. ^ Friedman, Emily (November 6, 2009). "Army Doctor Nidal Malik Hasan Allegedly Kills 13 at Fort Hood". ABC News. Retrieved November 6, 2009. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help); Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
  10. ^ a b c Dao, James (November 5, 2009). "Suspect Was 'Mortified' About Deployment". New York Times. Retrieved November 7, 2009. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |work= (help)
  11. ^ Lewis, Ori, "U.S. Army gunman's act "impossible"—grandfather," Reuters, November 7, 2009, accessed November 9, 2009
  12. ^ "Hood shooting suspect was set to deploy". Military Times. November 5, 2009. Retrieved November 6, 2009. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |work= (help)
  13. ^ a b c "A Helper With Worries of His Own". Wall Street Journal. November 6, 2009. Retrieved November 6, 2009.
  14. ^ "Maj. Nidal M. Hasan", Washington Post, November 7, 2009, accessed November 10, 2009
  15. ^ Hammack, Laurence (November 7, 2009). "Fort Hood shooting suspect Hasan left few impressions in schools he attended". The Roanoke Times. Retrieved November 7, 2009. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
  16. ^ McKinley, Jr., James C, and Dao, James, "Fort Hood Gunman Gave Signals Before His Rampage," New York Times, November 9, 2009
  17. ^ Blackledge, Brett J. (November 6, 2009). "Details emerge about Fort Hood suspect's history". Associated Press. Retrieved November 6, 2009. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  18. ^ "License for Nidal Malik Hasan, MD". Virginia Board of Education. Retrieved November 5, 2009.
  19. ^ Gearan, Anne (November 6, 2009). "Army: Shooting suspect was bound for Afghanistan". Boston Globe. Retrieved November 6, 2009.
  20. ^ Priest, Dana (November 10, 2009). "Fort Hood suspect warned of threats within the ranks". Washington Post. Retrieved November 10, 2009. {{cite news}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help); Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |work= (help)
  21. ^ Hasan, Nidal. "Hasan on Islam". Washington Post. Retrieved November 10, 2009. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  22. ^ a b "Twelve Soldiers Killed". ABC. November 5, 2009. Retrieved November 5, 2009. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  23. ^ "Army releases May officer promotions". Military Times. April 22, 2009. Retrieved November 5, 2009.
  24. ^ a b c Jakes, Lara (November 5, 2009). "Authorities had concerns about suspect". Associated Press. Retrieved November 5, 2009. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  25. ^ "Fort Hood has enough victims already". Guardian. November 6, 2009. Retrieved November 6, 2009.
  26. ^ a b c d Fort Hood Suspect Warned of Muslim Threat Within Military Cite error: The named reference "Fox 3" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
  27. ^ "Aunt: Fort Hood shooting suspect asked for discharge". The Washington Post. November 5, 2009. Retrieved November 5, 2009. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |work= (help)
  28. ^ "Muslim Veterans Group Says No Reports of Harassment of Islamic Soldiers". Fox News. November 6, 2009. Retrieved November 6, 2009. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  29. ^ "Twelve dead, 31 wounded in Fort Hood shootings". Stars and Stripes. November 5, 2009. Retrieved November 5, 2009.
  30. ^ "Major named as Fort Hood shooter". Military Times. November 5, 2009. Retrieved November 6, 2009.
  31. ^ Mcfadden, Robert D. (November 6, 2009). "Suspect Was to Be Sent to Afghanistan". The New York Times. Retrieved November 6, 2009. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |work= (help)
  32. ^ Mcauliff, Michael (November 6, 2009). "Fort Hood killer Nidal Malik Hasan opposed wars, so why did he snap?". New York Daily News. Retrieved November 10, 2009. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help); Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
  33. ^ "Sources Identify Major as Gunman in Deadly Shooting Rampage at Fort Hood". Fox News. November 5, 2009. Retrieved November 6, 2009. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  34. ^ "Military: Fort Hood suspect is alive". USA Today. November 5, 2009. Retrieved November 6, 2009.
  35. ^ Dao, James, and Lichtblau, Eric, "Case Adds to Outrage for Muslims in Northern Virginia," The New York Times, February 27, 2004, accessed November 11, 2009
  36. ^ "Conviction upheld in Bush assassination plot". CNN. June 6, 2008.
  37. ^ Sherwell, Philip (November 7, 2009). "Fort Hood shooting: Texas army killer linked to September 11 terrorists". The Daily Telegraph. Retrieved November 10, 2009. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |work= (help); Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
  38. ^ Meyer, Josh (November 9, 2009). "Fort Hood shooting suspect's ties to mosque investigated". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved November 10, 2009.
  39. ^ Gauvatz, Dave, and Sperry, Paul, Muslim Mafia: Inside the Secret Underworld That's Conspiring to Islamize America, p. 64, WND Books (2009), ISBN 1935071106, 9781935071105
  40. ^ UN 1267 Committee banned entity list
  41. ^ "Investigators Found E-Mails From Hasan to Al Qaeda, Officials Say," Fox News, November 10, 2009, accessed November 11, 2009
  42. ^ a b Esposito, Richard, Cole, Matthew, and Ross, Brian, "Officials: U.S. Army Told of Hasan's Contacts with al Qaeda; Army Major in Fort Hood Massacre Used 'Electronic Means' to Connect with Terrorists," ABC News, November 9, 2009, accessed November 10, 2009
  43. ^ http://abcnews.go.com/Blotter/official-nidal-hasan-unexplained-connections/story?id=9048590
  44. ^ a b c Drogin, Bob (November 7, 2007). "Retracing steps of suspected Fort Hood shooter, Nidal Malik Hasan". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved November 7, 2009. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |work= (help); Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
  45. ^ "Fort Hood Shooter Feared Impending War Deployment". Fox News. November 5, 2009. Retrieved November 5, 2009. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  46. ^ Allen, Nick, "Fort Hood killer Nidal Malik Hasan visited lapdancing club", Telegraph.co.uk, 11 Nov 2009.
  47. ^ http://abcnews.go.com/Blotter/official-nidal-hasan-unexplained-connections/story?id=9048590
  48. ^ "FBI reassessing past look at Fort Hood suspect". 10 November 2009.
  49. ^ CBS News Nov. 11, 2009 Hasan's Ties Spark Government Blame Game
  50. ^ http://abcnews.go.com/Blotter/official-nidal-hasan-unexplained-connections/story?id=9048590
  51. ^ "Neighbors: Alleged Fort Hood gunman emptied apartment". Fort Hood, Texas: CNN. November 6, 2009. Retrieved November 6, 2009. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  52. ^ "Who is Maj. Milik Hasan?". KXXV. November 6, 2009. Retrieved November 6, 2009.
  53. ^ Barnes, Julian (November 6, 2009). "Fort Hood victims bound for Dover Air Force Base". KFSM, LA Times. Retrieved November 6, 2009. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  54. ^ Newman, Maria (November 5, 2009). "12 Dead, 31 Wounded in Base Shootings". The New York Times. Retrieved November 5, 2009. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |work= (help)
  55. ^ "A Muslim Soldier's View from Fort Hood". Huffington Post. Retrieved November 9, 2009. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  56. ^ a b Allen, Nick, "Fort Hood gunman had told US military colleagues that infidels should have their throats cut," The Telegraph, November 8, 2009, retrieved November 9, 2009
  57. ^ Whitelaw, Kevin (November 6, 2009). "Massacre Leaves 13 Dead At Fort Hood". NPR. Retrieved November 8, 2009. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  58. ^ "Hospital: Fort Hood suspect moved to San Antonio". Associated Press. November 6, 2009. Retrieved November 6, 2009. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  59. ^ "Ft. Hood shooting suspect endured work pressure and ethnic taunts, his uncle says". Los Angeles Times. November 7, 2009. Retrieved November 7, 2009.
  60. ^ Hospital: Ft. Hood shooting suspect awake, talking
  61. ^ Brown, Angela (November 9, 2009). "Hospital: Ft. Hood shooting suspect awake, talking". Retrieved November 9, 2009.
  62. ^ http://www.iol.co.za/index.php?set_id=1&click_id=22&art_id=nw20091110074145585C736332
  63. ^ Roupenian, Elisa, "Retired Colonel to Defend Accused Fort Hood Shooter: Accused Shooter Nidal Hasan Awake and Talking to Hospital Staff," ABC News, November 9, 2009, accessed November 10, 2009
Cite error: A list-defined reference with the name "NYT 6" has been invoked, but is not defined in the <references> tag (see the help page).

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