頂
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Translingual
[edit]Han character
[edit]Stroke order | |||
---|---|---|---|
頂 (Kangxi radical 181, 頁+2, 11 strokes, cangjie input 一弓一月金 (MNMBC), four-corner 11286, composition ⿰丁頁)
Derived characters
[edit]Related characters
[edit]References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 1399, character 2
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 43335
- Dae Jaweon: page 1915, character 8
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4355, character 3
- Unihan data for U+9802
Chinese
[edit]trad. | 頂 | |
---|---|---|
simp. | 顶 | |
alternative forms | 𩠑 |
Glyph origin
[edit]Historical forms of the character 頂 | |
---|---|
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
Old Chinese | |
---|---|
圢 | *tʰeːnʔ, *tʰeːŋʔ |
町 | *tʰeːnʔ, *tʰeːŋ, *tʰeːŋʔ, *deːŋʔ |
打 | *rteŋʔ, *teːŋʔ |
盯 | *rteŋʔ, *rdeŋ |
朾 | *rteːŋ, *rdeːŋ |
丁 | *rteːŋ, *teːŋ |
玎 | *rteːŋ, *teːŋ |
虰 | *rdeːŋ, *tʰeŋ, *teːŋ |
揨 | *rdeːŋ |
釘 | *teːŋ, *teːŋs |
靪 | *teːŋ, *teːŋʔ |
仃 | *teːŋ |
叮 | *teːŋ |
疔 | *teːŋ |
頂 | *teːŋʔ |
奵 | *teːŋʔ |
耵 | *teːŋʔ |
酊 | *teːŋʔ |
葶 | *teːŋʔ, *deːŋ |
矴 | *teːŋs |
訂 | *teːŋs, *tʰeːŋ, *deːŋʔ |
飣 | *teːŋs |
汀 | *tʰeːŋ, *tʰeːŋs |
艼 | *tʰeːŋ, *tʰeːŋʔ |
庁 | *tʰeːŋ |
婷 | *deːŋ |
停 | *deːŋ |
聤 | *deːŋ |
渟 | *deːŋ |
楟 | *deːŋ |
亭 | *deːŋ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *teːŋʔ) : phonetic 丁 (OC *rteːŋ, *teːŋ) + semantic 頁 (“head”).
Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-tjaŋ (“upper part”) (STEDT). The sense “damn” is a clipping of 頂你個肺/顶你个肺 (ding2 nei5 go3 fai3).
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): din3
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): din3
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): di3 / ding3
- Northern Min (KCR): děng
- Eastern Min (BUC): dīng / tīng
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 5tin
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): din3
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄉㄧㄥˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: dǐng
- Wade–Giles: ting3
- Yale: dǐng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: diing
- Palladius: дин (din)
- Sinological IPA (key): /tiŋ²¹⁴/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: din3
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: din
- Sinological IPA (key): /tin⁵³/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: deng2 / ding2
- Yale: déng / díng
- Cantonese Pinyin: deng2 / ding2
- Guangdong Romanization: déng2 / ding2
- Sinological IPA (key): /tɛːŋ³⁵/, /tɪŋ³⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
Note:
- deng2 - vernacular;
- ding2 - literary.
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: en2 / iang2
- Sinological IPA (key): /en⁵⁵/, /iaŋ⁵⁵/
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: din3
- Sinological IPA (key): /tin²¹³/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: táng / tín
- Hakka Romanization System: dangˋ / dinˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: dang3 / din3
- Sinological IPA: /taŋ³¹/, /tin³¹/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: di3 / ding3
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /ti⁴⁵/, /tĩŋ⁴⁵/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: děng
- Sinological IPA (key): /teiŋ²¹/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: dīng / tīng
- Sinological IPA (key): /tiŋ³³/, /tʰiŋ³³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- Wu
- Xiang
- (Changsha)
- Wiktionary: din3
- Sinological IPA (key): /tin⁴¹/
- (Changsha)
- Dialectal data
- Middle Chinese: tengX
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*tˤeŋʔ/
- (Zhengzhang): /*teːŋʔ/
Definitions
[edit]頂
- top of the head; crown
- top; peak
- to carry on the head
- to prop up; to support (from below)
- to substitute; to replace
- to retort; to talk back
- to butt; to strike (with the head)
- to withstand; to confront
- most; exceedingly; best
- Classifier for objects with a top, such as hats and palanquins. ⇒ all nouns using this classifier
- (Southern Min) Classifier for vehicles. ⇒ all nouns using this classifier
- (Southern Min) in front; ahead; above; before; previously
- (chiefly Mainland China, Internet slang) to "bump" a forum thread to raise its profile; like; upvote
- (Cantonese, mildly vulgar) damn!
Synonyms
[edit]Dialectal synonyms of 頂 (“(classifier for hats)”) [map]
Antonyms
[edit]- (antonym(s) of “to upvote”): 踩 (cǎi)
Compounds
[edit]- 一頂/一顶
- 三華聚頂/三华聚顶
- 丹頂鶴/丹顶鹤 (dāndǐnghè)
- 五雷轟頂/五雷轰顶
- 倒楣透頂/倒楣透顶
- 冒名頂替/冒名顶替 (màomíngdǐngtì)
- 出頂/出顶
- 千斤頂/千斤顶 (qiānjīndǐng)
- 卸頂/卸顶
- 圓頂/圆顶 (yuándǐng)
- 坪頂/坪顶 (Píngdǐng)
- 大頂風/大顶风
- 天頂/天顶 (tiāndǐng)
- 封頂/封顶 (fēngdǐng)
- 小頂人/小顶人
- 屋頂/屋顶 (wūdǐng)
- 屋頂花園/屋顶花园
- 山頂/山顶 (shāndǐng)
- 山頂洞人/山顶洞人
- 崁頂/崁顶 (kàndǐng)
- 平頂/平顶
- 戴頂子/戴顶子
- 拿大頂/拿大顶 (nádàdǐng)
- 挨三頂五/挨三顶五
- 捱三頂五/捱三顶五
- 捱三頂四/捱三顶四
- 摩頂/摩顶 (módǐng)
- 摩頂受戒/摩顶受戒
- 摩頂受記/摩顶受记
- 摩頂放踵/摩顶放踵
- 摩頂至足/摩顶至足
- 摩頂至踵/摩顶至踵
- 朝頂/朝顶 (cháodǐng)
- 朱頂/朱顶
- 束帶頂冠/束带顶冠
- 樓頂/楼顶 (lóudǐng)
- 歇頂/歇顶
- 沒頂/没顶 (mòdǐng)
- 泰山壓頂/泰山压顶
- 滅頂/灭顶 (mièdǐng)
- 滅頂之災/灭顶之灾 (mièdǐngzhīzāi)
- 滿頂/满顶
- 灌頂/灌顶 (guàndǐng)
- 灰頂/灰顶
- 灼背燒頂/灼背烧顶
- 烏雲著頂/乌云著顶
- 無聊透頂/无聊透顶
- 焚香頂禮/焚香顶礼
- 片雲遮頂/片云遮顶
- 白頂鶴/白顶鹤
- 盝頂/盝顶
- 磨踵滅頂/磨踵灭顶
- 磨頂至踵/磨顶至踵
- 秀頂/秀顶
- 禿頂/秃顶 (tūdǐng)
- 紅頂商人/红顶商人 (hóngdǐng shāngrén)
- 紅頂子/红顶子 (hóngdǐngzi)
- 絕頂/绝顶 (juédǐng)
- 絕頂天/绝顶天
- 絕頂聰明/绝顶聪明
- 罳頂/罳顶
- 聰明絕頂/聪明绝顶 (cōngmíngjuédǐng)
- 脫帽露頂/脱帽露顶
- 腦瓜頂兒/脑瓜顶儿
- 華頂峰/华顶峰
- 號頂/号顶
- 角頂/角顶
- 透頂/透顶 (tòudǐng)
- 醍醐灌頂/醍醐灌顶 (tíhúguàndǐng)
- 金剛頂經/金刚顶经
- 雀頂/雀顶
- 頂丁/顶丁
- 頂下/顶下
- 頂上/顶上
- 頂上功夫/顶上功夫
- 頂事/顶事 (dǐngshì)
- 頂你個肺/顶你个肺 (dǐng nǐ ge fèi)
- 頂兇/顶凶
- 頂刀頭/顶刀头
- 頂名/顶名
- 頂名代告/顶名代告
- 頂名冒姓/顶名冒姓
- 頂呱呱/顶呱呱 (dǐngguāguā)
- 頂喪駕靈/顶丧驾灵
- 頂嘴/顶嘴 (dǐngzuǐ)
- 頂城門/顶城门
- 頂多/顶多 (dǐngduō)
- 頂天/顶天 (dǐngtiān)
- 頂天履地/顶天履地
- 頂天立地/顶天立地 (dǐngtiānlìdì)
- 頂夸克 (dǐngkuākè)
- 頂好/顶好 (dǐnghǎo)
- 頂子/顶子
- 頂子床/顶子床
- 頂客族/顶客族
- 頂尖/顶尖 (dǐngjiān)
- 頂尖好手/顶尖好手
- 頂峰/顶峰 (dǐngfēng)
- 頂戴/顶戴 (dǐngdài)
- 頂技/顶技
- 頂拜/顶拜
- 頂括括/顶括括
- 頂搭/顶搭
- 頂撞/顶撞 (dǐngzhuàng)
- 頂數/顶数
- 頂替/顶替 (dǐngtì)
- 頂格/顶格 (dǐnggé)
- 頂梁柱 (dǐngliángzhù)
- 頂棚/顶棚 (dǐngpéng)
- 頂樓/顶楼 (dǐnglóu)
- 頂橦踏索/顶橦踏索
- 頂牛/顶牛
- 頂珠/顶珠
- 頂瓜皮/顶瓜皮
- 頂用/顶用 (dǐngyòng)
- 頂癮/顶瘾 (dǐngyǐn)
- 頂盤/顶盘
- 頂真/顶真 (dǐngzhēn)
- 頂真續麻/顶真续麻
- 頂磚頭/顶砖头
- 頂福/顶福 (Dǐngfú)
- 頂禮/顶礼 (dǐnglǐ)
- 頂禮膜拜/顶礼膜拜 (dǐnglǐ móbài)
- 頂窩兒/顶窝儿
- 頂端/顶端 (dǐngduān)
- 頂線/顶线
- 頂缸/顶缸 (dǐnggāng)
- 頂罟/顶罟 (Dǐnggǔ)
- 頂罪/顶罪 (dǐngzuì)
- 頂老/顶老
- 頂膛火/顶膛火
- 頂角/顶角
- 頂讓/顶让
- 頂輩宗圖/顶辈宗图
- 頂針/顶针 (dǐngzhēn)
- 頂針捱住/顶针捱住
- 頂門/顶门
- 頂門主顧/顶门主顾
- 頂門壯戶/顶门壮户
- 頂門子/顶门子
- 頂門棍/顶门棍
- 頂門腰軟/顶门腰软
- 頂門針/顶门针
- 頂陽骨/顶阳骨
- 頂頭/顶头
- 頂頭上司/顶头上司
- 頂顛/顶颠
- 頂顙/顶颡
- 頂風/顶风 (dǐngfēng)
- 頂首/顶首
- 頂點/顶点 (dǐngdiǎn)
- 頭頂/头顶 (tóudǐng)
- 頭頂球/头顶球
- 頭頂頭/头顶头
- 顱頂葉/颅顶叶
- 鶴頂紅/鹤顶红
- 鹿頂/鹿顶
Descendants
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “Entry #8038”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2024.
Japanese
[edit]Kanji
[edit]頂
Readings
[edit]- Go-on: ちょう (chō, Jōyō)←ちやう (tyau, historical)
- Kan-on: てい (tei)
- Kun: いただく (itadaku, 頂く, Jōyō)、いただき (itadaki, 頂, Jōyō)
Compounds
[edit]Compounds
Noun
[edit]Kanji in this term |
---|
頂 |
いただき Grade: 6 |
kun'yomi |
- the top
- 山の頂
- yama no itadaki
- the top of a mountain
- 頂に立つ
- itadaki ni tatsu
- stand on the top
- 山の頂
Antonyms
[edit]Korean
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Middle Chinese 頂 (MC tengX). Recorded as Middle Korean 뎌ᇰ (tyeng) (Yale: tyeng) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.
Hanja
[edit]頂 (eumhun 정수리 정 (jeongsuri jeong))
Compounds
[edit]Compounds
References
[edit]- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [1]
Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]頂: Hán Nôm readings: đính, đảnh, đỉnh, điếng, đuểnh
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}
.
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