防止
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Chinese
[edit]| to protect; to defend; to guard (against) | to stop; prohibit; till | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| simp. and trad. (防止) |
防 | 止 | |
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄈㄤˊ ㄓˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: fángjhǐh
- Wade–Giles: fang2-chih3
- Yale: fáng-jř
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: farngjyy
- Palladius: фанчжи (fančži)
- Sinological IPA (key): /fɑŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: fong4 zi2
- Yale: fòhng jí
- Cantonese Pinyin: fong4 dzi2
- Guangdong Romanization: fong4 ji2
- Sinological IPA (key): /fɔːŋ²¹ t͡siː³⁵/
- Homophones:
房子
防止
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fòng-chṳ́
- Hakka Romanization System: fongˇ ziiˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: fong2 zi3
- Sinological IPA: /foŋ¹¹ t͡sɨ³¹/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Southern Min
Verb
[edit]防止
- (transitive) to prevent
Synonyms
[edit]Japanese
[edit]| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 防 | 止 |
| ぼう Grade: 5 |
し Grade: 2 |
| goon | on'yomi |
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]- prevention
- Synonym: 抑止 (yokushi)
Verb
[edit]防止する • (bōshi suru) ←ばうし (bausi)?transitive suru (stem 防止し (bōshi shi), past 防止した (bōshi shita))
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of "防止する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 防止し | ぼうしし | bōshi shi | |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 防止し | ぼうしし | bōshi shi | |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 防止する | ぼうしする | bōshi suru | |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 防止する | ぼうしする | bōshi suru | |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 防止すれ | ぼうしすれ | bōshi sure | |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 防止せよ¹ 防止しろ² |
ぼうしせよ¹ ぼうししろ² |
bōshi seyo¹ bōshi shiro² | |
| Key constructions | ||||
| Passive | 防止される | ぼうしされる | bōshi sareru | |
| Causative | 防止させる 防止さす |
ぼうしさせる ぼうしさす |
bōshi saseru bōshi sasu | |
| Potential | 防止できる | ぼうしできる | bōshi dekiru | |
| Volitional | 防止しよう | ぼうししよう | bōshi shiyō | |
| Negative | 防止しない | ぼうししない | bōshi shinai | |
| Negative continuative | 防止せず | ぼうしせず | bōshi sezu | |
| Formal | 防止します | ぼうしします | bōshi shimasu | |
| Perfective | 防止した | ぼうしした | bōshi shita | |
| Conjunctive | 防止して | ぼうしして | bōshi shite | |
| Hypothetical conditional | 防止すれば | ぼうしすれば | bōshi sureba | |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative | ||||
References
[edit]- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
- ^ Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
Korean
[edit]| Hanja in this term | |
|---|---|
| 防 | 止 |
Noun
[edit]- hanja form? of 방지 (“prevention”)
Categories:
- Mandarin terms with audio pronunciation
- Cantonese terms with audio pronunciation
- Cantonese terms with homophones
- Chinese lemmas
- Mandarin lemmas
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- Hakka verbs
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- Chinese transitive verbs
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- Elementary Mandarin
- Japanese terms spelled with 防 read as ぼう
- Japanese terms spelled with 止 read as し
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