煞
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Translingual
[edit]Han character
[edit]煞 (Kangxi radical 86, 火+9, 13 strokes, cangjie input 弓大火 (NKF), four-corner 28334, composition ⿱⿰刍攵灬)
References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 677, character 18
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 19210
- Dae Jaweon: page 1088, character 6
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2221, character 4
- Unihan data for U+715E
Chinese
[edit]| trad. | 煞 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. # | 煞 | |
Glyph origin
[edit]Etymology
[edit]
Pronunciation 1
[edit]- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): saat3
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): so̍t
- Eastern Min (BUC): sák
- Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): soah / sah / sòa / sat
- Wu (Northern, Wugniu): 7saq / 7saeq
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄕㄚ
- Tongyong Pinyin: sha
- Wade–Giles: sha1
- Yale: shā
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: sha
- Palladius: ша (ša)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʂä⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: saat3
- Yale: saat
- Cantonese Pinyin: saat8
- Guangdong Romanization: sad3
- Sinological IPA (key): /saːt̚³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: so̍t
- Hakka Romanization System: sod
- Hagfa Pinyim: sod6
- Sinological IPA: /sot̚⁵/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: sák
- Sinological IPA (key): /sɑʔ²⁴/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sah
- Tâi-lô: sah
- Phofsit Daibuun: saq
- IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /saʔ³²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sòa
- Tâi-lô: suà
- Phofsit Daibuun: soax
- IPA (Quanzhou): /sua⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
Note:
- soah - vernacular (“to end; to stop and give up; to prevent; unexpectedly; how; at once; to be wounded by evil spirits; demon”);
- sah/sòa - vernacular (“unexpectedly; how; at once”);
- sat - literary.
- Middle Chinese: sreat
- Old Chinese
- (Zhengzhang): /*sreːd/
Definitions
[edit]煞
- Alternative form of 殺／杀 (“to kill”)
- Used as a hyperbolical intensifying complement.
- to stop; to halt
- to weaken; to reduce
- to tighten
- (Northern Wu) to satisfy; to quench (esp. a desire)
- 煞念頭／煞念头 [Shanghainese] ― 7saq 6gni-deu [Wugniu] ― to satisfy a craving
- to end; to conclude; to terminate; to finish
- 煞尾 ― shāwěi ― to finish off
- (Hokkien) to stop and give up; to abandon; to leave it be; to leave it at that
- (Hokkien) to prevent; to restrain; to suppress; to hold back
- (Hokkien) unexpectedly; surprisingly; instead
- (Hokkien) how; how can it be that (used in rhetorical questions)
- (Mainland China Hokkien) at once; immediately
- (Taiwanese Hokkien) to be wounded by evil spirits
- (Taiwanese Hokkien) demon; fiend; devil
Synonyms
[edit]- (to stop):
- 中斷／中断 (zhōngduàn)
- 中止 (zhōngzhǐ)
- 休止 (xiūzhǐ)
- 停 (tíng)
- 停歇 (tíngxiē)
- 停止 (tíngzhǐ)
- 夭閼／夭阏 (yǎo'è)
- 干休 (gānxiū) (literary)
- 放煞 (Min Nan)
- 斷站／断站 (Xiamen Hokkien)
- 斷節／断节 (Xiamen Hokkien)
- 暫停／暂停 (zàntíng) (temporarily)
- 歇 (xiē)
- 止 (zhǐ) (literary, or in compounds)
- 止息 (zhǐxī)
- 止煞 (Xiamen Hokkien, Zhangzhou Hokkien)
- 瀦／潴 (Quanzhou Hokkien)
- 煞手 (Hokkien)
- 甘休 (gānxiū) (to be willing to give up)
- 終止／终止 (zhōngzhǐ)
- 絕／绝 (jué) (literary, or in compounds)
- 罷／罢
- 罷休／罢休 (bàxiū) (chiefly in the negative)
- 罷手／罢手 (bàshǒu)
- 間斷／间断
- 須／须 (xū) (literary)
- 頓／顿
- (to end):
- 了卻／了却 (liǎoquè)
- 了斷／了断 (liǎoduàn)
- 了結／了结 (liǎojié)
- 交代 (jiāodài) (humorous)
- 告終／告终 (gàozhōng)
- 完了 (wánliǎo)
- 完畢／完毕 (wánbì)
- 完結／完结 (wánjié)
- 收兵 (shōubīng) (figurative)
- 收場／收场 (shōuchǎng)
- 收束 (shōushù)
- 煞事 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)
- 終／终 (zhōng) (literary, or in compounds)
- 結／结
- 結束／结束 (jiéshù)
- 結絕／结绝 (jiéjué) (literary)
- 結腳／结脚 (jie2 juo2) (Sichuanese)
- 罷／罢
| Variety | Location | Words |
|---|---|---|
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 居然, 竟然, 竟 | |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 居然, 竟然 |
| Singapore | 竟然 | |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 敢, 硬敢 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 居然 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 竟然 |
| Hong Kong | 竟然, 居然, 竟然間 | |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 煞, 竟然 |
| Quanzhou | 煞, 竟然 | |
| Zhangzhou | 煞, 竟然 | |
| Tainan | 煞, 竟然 | |
| Jieyang | 夰, 紲, 一回, 落, 敢敢 | |
| Wu | Shanghai | 居然, 竟然, 竟, 先勿先, 伊講 |
- (demon):
- 凶煞 (xiōngshà) (literally or figuratively)
- 凶神 (xiōngshén) (literally or figuratively)
- 妖 (yāo)
- 妖孽 (yāoniè)
- 妖怪 (yāoguài)
- 妖物 (yāowù)
- 妖精 (yāojīng)
- 妖鬼 (yāoguǐ)
- 妖魔 (yāomó)
- 孽 (niè) (literary, or in compounds)
- 怪物 (guàiwu)
- 惡魔／恶魔 (èmó) (literally or figuratively)
- 煞神 (shàshén) (literary, literally or figuratively)
- 精怪 (jīngguài)
- 精靈／精灵 (jīnglíng)
- 邪魔 (xiémó)
- 魔 (mó) (literary, or in compounds)
- 魔障 (mózhàng) (Buddhism)
- 魔鬼 (móguǐ) (literally or figuratively)
Compounds
[edit]Pronunciation 2
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄕㄚˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: shà
- Wade–Giles: sha4
- Yale: shà
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shah
- Palladius: ша (ša)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʂä⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: saat3
- Yale: saat
- Cantonese Pinyin: saat8
- Guangdong Romanization: sad3
- Sinological IPA (key): /saːt̚³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sat
- Hakka Romanization System: sadˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: sad5
- Sinological IPA: /sat̚²/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
Definitions
[edit]煞
- evil spirit; demon
- A pre-predicate intensifier: very
- Variant pronunciation for the intensifying complement.
- (Early Mandarin) what
- (obsolete) although
Synonyms
[edit]
Compounds
[edit]References
[edit]- “煞”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Japanese
[edit]Kanji
[edit]煞
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Readings
[edit]Korean
[edit]Hanja
[edit]煞 • (sal) (hangeul 살, revised sal, McCune–Reischauer sal, Yale sal)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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