桑

桑 U+6851, 桑 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6851 ← 桐 [U+6850] CJK Unified Ideographs 桒 → [U+6852]

桑 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+6, 10 strokes, cangjie input 水水水木 (EEED), four-corner 1790₄, composition ⿱叒木)

• 嗓, 𪤌, 𡠏, 搡, 𪶽, 𨻗, 𣉕, 𦟄, 槡, 𤌧, 𪼏, 磉, 縔, 𧏠, 褬, 𬧉, 䡦(𬨑), 𨢆, 鎟, 䮣, 𩺞, 𪳫, 㯩, 顙(颡), 𦶿, 𩮧

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 526, character 1
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14772
• Dae Jaweon: page 914, character 14
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1209, character 3
• Unihan data for U+6851

trad.		桑
simp. #		桑
2nd round simp.		𰗑
alternative forms		槡 𣕐 桒 𠭨 𠭌

Pictogram (象形) of a mulberry tree. What were the shape of the tree's foliage is now 叒

Unknown (Schuessler (2007)).

桑

1. mulberry tree
2. a surname

Borrowed from Japanese さん (-san). Compare Min Nan 卡桑 (khà-sàng), 多桑 (tò-sàng), 歐巴桑／欧巴桑 (o͘-bá-sáng), and 歐吉桑／欧吉桑 (o͘-jí-sáng).

桑

1. (Mandarin, ACG, Internet slang) -san

• 生 (shēng)

• 醬／酱 (jiàng, “-chan”), 炭 (tàn, “-tan”), 君 (jūn, “-kun”), 樣／样 (yàng, “-sama”)

• “桑”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[2], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

(Jōyō kanji)

1. mulberry

• Go-on: そう (sō, Jōyō)^{←さう (sau, historical)}
• Kan-on: そう (sō, Jōyō)^{←さう (sau, historical)}
• Kun: くわ (kuwa, 桑, Jōyō)^{←くは (kufa, 桑, historical)}
• Nanori: こ (ko)

Kanji in this term
桑
くわ Grade: S
kun'yomi

/kupa/ → /kuɸa/ → /kuwa/

From Old Japanese. First attested in the Nihon Shoki of 720 CE.^[1] From Proto-Japonic *kupa.

Ultimate derivation unclear. Definitely not related to Korean 뽕 (ppong, “mulberry tree”) or 오디 (odi, “mulberry fruit”), nor to Ainu テㇱマニ (tesmani, “mulberry tree”) or ツレㇷ゚ニ (turepni, “mulberry tree”).

Some theories suggest this might have originally been a compound. Possible derivations may include:

• A shift from 蚕葉 (kopa, “silkworm + leaf”)
• A shift from 胡葉 (kopa, “non-Chinese people to the west of China + leaf”), possibly referencing the origin of some mulberry species in central Asia
• A contraction of 食ふ葉 (kupu pa, “eat + leaf”), where kupu is the ancient reading of modern 食う (kuu)

• (Tokyo) くわ [kúꜜwà] (Atamadaka – [1])^[2][3]
• IPA^(key): [kɯ̟β̞a̠]

桑(くわ) or 桑(クワ) • (kuwa) ^{←くは (kufa) or クハ (kufa)?}

1. mulberry

As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as クワ.

This term can refer to the fruit or the tree. For greater specificity, the following may be used:

• 桑(くわ)の木(き) (kuwa no ki): mulberry tree
• 桑(くわ)の実(み) (kuwa no mi): mulberry fruit

Kanji in this term
桑
そう Grade: S
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese 桑 (MC sang).

• IPA^(key): [so̞ː]

桑(そう) • (sō) ^{←さう (sau)?}

1. mulberry
2. (US) Short for 桑港 (“San Francisco (a city in California, United States)”).

From Middle Chinese 桑 (MC sang).

Historical Readings
Dongguk Jeongun Reading
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448	사ᇰ (Yale: sàng)
Middle Korean
Text	Eumhun
	Gloss (hun)	Reading
Hunmong Jahoe, 1527[3]	ᄲᅩᇰ나모 (Yale: spwòng-nàmwò)	사ᇰ (Yale: sàng)

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [sʰa̠ŋ]
• Phonetic hangul: [상]

Wikisource

桑 (eumhun 뽕나무 상 (ppongnamu sang))

1. hanja form^? of 상 (“mulberry tree”) [affix]

桑: Hán Nôm readings: tang, dâu

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.