停

See also: 仃 and 佇

停	U+505C, 停 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-505C

← 偛
[U+505B]

CJK Unified Ideographs

偝 →
[U+505D]

Translingual

Han character

停 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+9, 11 strokes, cangjie input 人卜口弓 (OYRN), four-corner 2022₁, composition ⿰亻亭 or ⿰亻𠅘)

Derived characters

𠼵

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 110, character 32
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 864
Dae Jaweon: page 236, character 16
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 194, character 7
Unihan data for U+505C

Chinese

simp. and trad.		停
2nd round simp.		仃

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 停
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Small seal script s05922 Transcribed ancient scripts L11416 L11417
References: Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation), which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including: Shuowen Jiezi (small seal), Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions), Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Characters in the same phonetic series (丁) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
圢	tʰeːnʔ, tʰeːŋʔ
町	tʰeːnʔ, tʰeːŋ, tʰeːŋʔ, deːŋʔ
打	rteŋʔ, teːŋʔ
盯	rteŋʔ, rdeŋ
朾	rteːŋ, rdeːŋ
丁	rteːŋ, teːŋ
玎	rteːŋ, teːŋ
虰	rdeːŋ, tʰeŋ, *teːŋ
揨	*rdeːŋ
釘	teːŋ, teːŋs
靪	teːŋ, teːŋʔ
仃	*teːŋ
叮	*teːŋ
疔	*teːŋ
頂	*teːŋʔ
奵	*teːŋʔ
耵	*teːŋʔ
酊	*teːŋʔ
葶	teːŋʔ, deːŋ
矴	*teːŋs
訂	teːŋs, tʰeːŋ, *deːŋʔ
飣	*teːŋs
汀	tʰeːŋ, tʰeːŋs
艼	tʰeːŋ, tʰeːŋʔ
庁	*tʰeːŋ
婷	*deːŋ
停	*deːŋ
聤	*deːŋ
渟	*deːŋ
楟	*deːŋ
亭	*deːŋ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *deːŋ) : semantic 亻 + phonetic 亭 (OC *deːŋ).

Etymology

From 亭 (tíng) (Schuessler, 2007). See there for more.

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): tíng (ting²)

(Zhuyin): ㄊㄧㄥˊ

(Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): тин (tin, I)
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): ting⁴

(Taishan, Wiktionary): hen³
Gan (Wiktionary): tin²
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): thìn

(Meixian, Guangdong): tin²
Jin (Wiktionary): ti¹ / ting¹ / ting³
Northern Min (KCR): děng / déng
Eastern Min (BUC): dìng
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): thêng

(Teochew, Peng'im): têng⁵
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶din
Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): din²

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: tíng
  - Zhuyin: ㄊㄧㄥˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: tíng
  - Wade–Giles: tʻing²
  - Yale: tíng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tyng
  - Palladius: тин (tin)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰiŋ³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: tíngr
  - Zhuyin: ㄊㄧㄥˊㄦ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: tíngr
  - Wade–Giles: tʻing²-ʼrh
  - Yale: tíngr
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tyengl
  - Palladius: тинр (tinr)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰiɤ̯̃ɻ³⁵/

Note: Erhuayin for classifier (portion) sense only.

- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic and Wiktionary: тин (tin, I)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰiŋ²⁴/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: ting⁴
  - Yale: tìhng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: ting⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: ting⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰɪŋ²¹/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: hen³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hen²²/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: tin²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰin²⁴/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: thìn
  - Hakka Romanization System: tin^ˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: tin²
  - Sinological IPA: /tʰin¹¹/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: tin²
  - Sinological IPA: /tʰin¹¹/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: ti¹ / ting¹ / ting³
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /tʰi¹¹/, /tʰiŋ¹¹/, /tʰiŋ⁴⁵/

Note:

ti1 - vernacular;
ting1 - literary.

Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: děng / déng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /teiŋ²¹/, /teiŋ⁵⁴/

Note: déng - in certain compounds, e.g. 停屍／停尸, 停棺.

Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: dìng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tiŋ⁵³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thêng
  - Tâi-lô: thîng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: teeng
  - IPA (Xiamen): /tʰiɪŋ²⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰiɪŋ²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /tʰiɪŋ¹³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /tʰiɪŋ²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /tʰiɪŋ²³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: têng⁵
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: thêng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰeŋ⁵⁵/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁶din
  - MiniDict: din^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³din
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /din²³/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: din²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tin¹³/

Middle Chinese: deng

Rime
Character	停
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	定 (7)
Final (韻)	青 (125)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	IV
Fanqie	特丁切
Baxter	deng
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/deŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/deŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/dɛŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/dɛjŋ/
Li Rong	/deŋ/
Wang Li	/dieŋ/
Bernhard Karlgren	/dʱieŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	tíng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	ting⁴

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*Cə.[d]ˤeŋ/

(Zhengzhang): /*deːŋ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	停
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	tíng
Middle Chinese	‹ deng ›
Old Chinese	/Cə.[d]ˁeŋ/ (~ C.[d]ˁeŋ)
English	to stop
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	停
Reading #	1/1
No.	2407
Phonetic component	丁
Rime group	耕
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	庭
Old Chinese	/*deːŋ/

Definitions

停

to stop; to halt
停！ ― Tíng! ― Stop!
to stay; to remain
to place (an object somewhere); to park (a vehicle); to anchor (a ship)
(literary, or in compounds) reliable; safe; secure; proper
(colloquial) Classifier for portions (parts of a total).
a surname: Ting

Synonyms

(to stop):

edit

中斷／中断 (zhōngduàn)
中止 (zhōngzhǐ)
休止 (xiūzhǐ)
停歇 (tíngxiē)
停止 (tíngzhǐ)
夭閼／夭阏 (yǎo'è)
干休 (gānxiū) (literary)
放煞 (Min Nan)
斷站／断站 (Xiamen Hokkien)
斷節／断节 (Xiamen Hokkien)
暫停／暂停 (zàntíng) (temporarily)
歇 (xiē)
止 (zhǐ) (literary, or in compounds)
止息 (zhǐxī)
止煞 (Xiamen Hokkien, Zhangzhou Hokkien)
瀦／潴 (Quanzhou Hokkien)
煞 (Hokkien)
煞手 (Hokkien)
甘休 (gānxiū) (to be willing to give up)
終止／终止 (zhōngzhǐ)
絕／绝 (jué) (literary, or in compounds)
罷／罢
罷休／罢休 (bàxiū) (chiefly in the negative)
罷手／罢手 (bàshǒu)
間斷／间断
須／须 (xū) (literary)
頓／顿

(to stay):

edit

停留 (tíngliú)
勾留 (gōuliú)
盤桓／盘桓 (pánhuán)
蹲 (figurative)
逗 (dòu)
逗留 (dòuliú)
逋留 (būliú) (literary)
駐／驻 (zhù) (literary, or in compounds)
駐留／驻留 (zhùliú)

(to place): 停放 (tíngfàng)
(reliable):

edit

信實／信实 (xìnshí)
保險／保险 (bǎoxiǎn)
可恃 (kěshì) (literary)
可靠 (kěkào)
把牢 (bǎláo) (regional, chiefly in the negative)
把穩／把稳 (bǎwěn) (regional)
牢 (láo)
牢牢 (láoláo)
牢靠 (láokào)
穩妥／稳妥 (wěntuǒ)
穩當／稳当
穩陣／稳阵 (wan2 zan6) (Cantonese)

Compounds

Descendants

→ Vietnamese: đừng (“do not”)

Japanese

Kanji

停

(Fifth grade kyōiku kanji)

to stop

Readings

Go-on: じょう (jō)
Kan-on: てい (tei, Jōyō)
Kan’yō-on: ちょう (chō)
Kun: とめる (tomeru, 停める)、とまる (tomaru, 停まる)、とどまる (todomaru, 停まる)

Compounds

Korean

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Middle Korean readings, if any”)

Pronunciation

(SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [t͡ɕʌ̹ŋ]
Phonetic hangul: [정]

Hanja

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

停

Wikisource

停 (eumhun 머무를 정 (meomureul jeong))

hanja form^? of 정 (“to stop”)

Vietnamese

Han character

停: Hán Nôm readings: đình, dành, đành, đừng, dừng, rành

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Translingual

Han character

Derived characters

References

Chinese

Glyph origin

Etymology

Pronunciation

Definitions

Synonyms

Compounds

Descendants

Further reading

Japanese

Kanji

Readings

Compounds

Korean

Etymology

Pronunciation

Hanja

Vietnamese

Han character