विहार
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See also: विहीर
Pali
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Alternative scripts
Noun
[edit]विहार m
- Devanagari script form of vihāra (“dwelling place”)
Declension
[edit]Declension table of "विहार" (masculine)
| Case \ Number | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative (first) | विहारो (vihāro) | विहारा (vihārā) |
| Accusative (second) | विहारं (vihāraṃ) | विहारे (vihāre) |
| Instrumental (third) | विहारेन (vihārena) | विहारेहि (vihārehi) or विहारेभि (vihārebhi) |
| Dative (fourth) | विहारस्स (vihārassa) or विहाराय (vihārāya) or विहारत्थं (vihāratthaṃ) | विहारानं (vihārānaṃ) |
| Ablative (fifth) | विहारस्मा (vihārasmā) or विहारम्हा (vihāramhā) or विहारा (vihārā) | विहारेहि (vihārehi) or विहारेभि (vihārebhi) |
| Genitive (sixth) | विहारस्स (vihārassa) | विहारानं (vihārānaṃ) |
| Locative (seventh) | विहारस्मिं (vihārasmiṃ) or विहारम्हि (vihāramhi) or विहारे (vihāre) | विहारेसु (vihāresu) |
| Vocative (calling) | विहार (vihāra) | विहारा (vihārā) |
Sanskrit
[edit]Alternative scripts
[edit]Alternative scripts
- ৱিহাৰ (Assamese script)
- ᬯᬶᬳᬵᬭ (Balinese script)
- বিহার (Bengali script)
- 𑰪𑰰𑰮𑰯𑰨 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀯𑀺𑀳𑀸𑀭 (Brahmi script)
- ဝိဟာရ (Burmese script)
- વિહાર (Gujarati script)
- ਵਿਹਾਰ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌵𑌿𑌹𑌾𑌰 (Grantha script)
- ꦮꦶꦲꦴꦫ (Javanese script)
- 𑂫𑂱𑂯𑂰𑂩 (Kaithi script)
- ವಿಹಾರ (Kannada script)
- វិហារ (Khmer script)
- ວິຫາຣ (Lao script)
- വിഹാര (Malayalam script)
- ᠸᡳᡥᠠ᠊ᠠᡵᠠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘪𑘱𑘮𑘰𑘨 (Modi script)
- ᠸᠢᠾᠠᢗᠷᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
- 𑧊𑧒𑧎𑧑𑧈 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐰𑐶𑐴𑐵𑐬 (Newa script)
- ଵିହାର (Odia script)
- ꢮꢶꢲꢵꢬ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆮𑆴𑆲𑆳𑆫 (Sharada script)
- 𑖪𑖰𑖮𑖯𑖨 (Siddham script)
- විහාර (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩾𑩑𑪂𑩛𑩼 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚦𑚮𑚩𑚭𑚤 (Takri script)
- விஹார (Tamil script)
- విహార (Telugu script)
- วิหาร (Thai script)
- ཝི་ཧཱ་ར (Tibetan script)
- 𑒫𑒱𑒯𑒰𑒩 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨭𑨁𑨱𑨊𑨫 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
[edit]From वि- (vi-, suffix indicating distribution, opposition or arrangement) + हार (hāra, “bearing, carrying”, from हर (hara)).
Noun
[edit]विहार • (vihāra) stem, m (once n)
- distribution, transposition (of words)
- arrangement or disposition (of the 3 sacred fires; also applied to the fires themselves or the space between them)
- too great expansion of the organs of speech (consisting in too great lengthening or drawling in pronunciation, as opposed to संहार (saṃ-hāra))
- walking for pleasure or amusement, wandering, roaming
- sport, play, pastime, diversion, enjoyment, pleasure ("in" or "with" compound; at the end of a compound also = "taking delight in")
- a place of recreation, pleasure-ground
- (Buddhism, Jainism) vihara, a monastery or temple (originally a hall where the monks met or walked about; afterwards these halls were used as temples)
- consecration for a sacrifice
- name of the country of मगध (magadha) (called Bihar or Behar from the number of Buddhist monasteries)
- shoulder
- a particular bird (= बिन्दुरेकक (bindurekaka))
- = वैजयन्त (vaijayanta)
- a grazing-ground, pasturage
- (at the end of a compound) delighting in
Declension
[edit]| Masculine a-stem declension of विहार (vihāra) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | विहारः vihāraḥ |
विहारौ / विहारा¹ vihārau / vihārā¹ |
विहाराः / विहारासः¹ vihārāḥ / vihārāsaḥ¹ |
| Vocative | विहार vihāra |
विहारौ / विहारा¹ vihārau / vihārā¹ |
विहाराः / विहारासः¹ vihārāḥ / vihārāsaḥ¹ |
| Accusative | विहारम् vihāram |
विहारौ / विहारा¹ vihārau / vihārā¹ |
विहारान् vihārān |
| Instrumental | विहारेण vihāreṇa |
विहाराभ्याम् vihārābhyām |
विहारैः / विहारेभिः¹ vihāraiḥ / vihārebhiḥ¹ |
| Dative | विहाराय vihārāya |
विहाराभ्याम् vihārābhyām |
विहारेभ्यः vihārebhyaḥ |
| Ablative | विहारात् vihārāt |
विहाराभ्याम् vihārābhyām |
विहारेभ्यः vihārebhyaḥ |
| Genitive | विहारस्य vihārasya |
विहारयोः vihārayoḥ |
विहाराणाम् vihārāṇām |
| Locative | विहारे vihāre |
विहारयोः vihārayoḥ |
विहारेषु vihāreṣu |
| Notes |
| ||
Descendants
[edit]- Bengali: বিহার (bihar)
- Hindi: बिहार (bihār)
- → English: vihara
- → Burmese: ဝိဟာရ (wi.hara.)
- → Khmer: វិហារ (vihiə)
- → Javanese: ꦮꦶꦲꦫ (wihara)
- → Indonesian: wihara
- → Lao: ວິຫານ (wi hān)
- → Lü: ᦞᦲᦠᦱᧃ (viiḣaan)
- → Malay: biara
- Indonesian: biara
- → Northern Thai: ᩅᩥᩉᩣ᩠ᩁ
- Sinhalese: විහාර (wihāra)
- → Thai: วิหาร (wí-hǎan)
References
[edit]- Monier Williams (1899) “विहार”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1003.