गो

• (Delhi) IPA^(key): /ɡoː/

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit गो (gó). Doublet of गाय (gāy).

गो • (go) m

1. cow; ox

• गाय (gāy)

Borrowed from English go, from the Japanese character 碁 (go), shorthand for Japanese 囲碁 (igo), adopted from the Chinese character 圍棋／围棋 (wéiqí).

गो • (go) m

1. (board games) Go

गो m or f

1. Devanagari script form of go (“cow, ox, bull”)

• गव् (gav)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *gā́wš, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷṓws (“cattle”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬔𐬀𐬊 (gao), Ancient Greek βοῦς (boûs), Latin bōs, Old English cū (whence English cow).

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɡɐ́w/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ɡoː/

गो • (gó) stem, f or m

1. a cow
   • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 6.28.1:

     आ गावो॑ अग्मन्नु॒त भ॒द्रम॑क्र॒न्त्सीद॑न्तु गो॒ष्ठे र॒णय॑न्त्व॒स्मे।
     प्र॒जाव॑तीः पुरु॒रूपा॑ इ॒ह स्यु॒रिन्द्रा॑य पू॒र्वीरु॒षसो॒ दुहा॑नाः॥

     ā́ gā́vo agmannutá bhadrámakrantsī́dantu goṣṭhé raṇáyantvasmé.
     prajā́vatīḥ pururū́pā ihá syuríndrāya pūrvī́ruṣáso dúhānāḥ.

     The cows have come and brought good fortune: let them rest in the cow-pen and be happy near us.
     Here let them stay prolific, many-coloured, and yield their milk for Indra through many mornings.

2. an ox
3. (in the plural) cattle, kine, herd of cattle
4. (usually in the plural) anything coming from or belonging to an ox or cow, milk, flesh, skin, hide, leather, strap of leather, bow-string, sinew
5. (poetic, in the plural) "the herds of the sky", the stars
6. the sign Taurus

Masculine o-stem declension of गो (gó)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	गौः gaúḥ	गावौ / गावा¹ gā́vau / gā́vā¹	गावः gā́vaḥ
Vocative	गौः gaúḥ	गावौ / गावा¹ gā́vau / gā́vā¹	गावः gā́vaḥ
Accusative	गाम् gā́m	गावौ / गावा¹ gā́vau / gā́vā¹	गाः / गावः² gā́ḥ / gā́vaḥ²
Instrumental	गवा gávā	गोभ्याम् góbhyām	गोभिः góbhiḥ
Dative	गवे gáve	गोभ्याम् góbhyām	गोभ्यः góbhyaḥ
Ablative	गोः góḥ	गोभ्याम् góbhyām	गोभ्यः góbhyaḥ
Genitive	गोः góḥ	गवोः gávoḥ	गवाम् / गोनाम्¹ gávām / gónām¹
Locative	गवि gávi	गवोः gávoḥ	गोषु góṣu
Notes	¹Vedic ²rare

• Dardic:
  • Kamkata-viri: gō
  • Kashmiri: گاو (gāv)
  • Tirahi: gọ̈̄
  • Torwali: گو (gō)
  • Phalura: گو (gū)
  • Pashayi:
    • Northeast Pashayi: gō
    • Southeast Pashayi: gā
  • Shina: گو (gū)
• Magadhi Prakrit:
  • Assamese: গাই (gai)
  • Bengali: গাই (gai)
• Marathi: गाय (gāy)
• Nepali: गाई (gāī)
• Paisaci Prakrit:
  • Punjabi:
    • Punjabi: ਗਾਂ (gā̃), Punjabi: ਗਾਈਂ (gāī̃)
    • Shahmukhi script: گاں (gāṉ), Shahmukhi script: گائں (gā'iṉ)
• Pali: go, gāva
  • → Khmer: គោ (koo)
  • → Thai: โค (koo)
• Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀕𑀸𑀈 (gāī)
  • Gujarati:
    • Gujarati script: ગાય (gāya)
    • Lisan ud-Dawat Gujarati: گایہ (gāya)
  • Hindi: गाय (gāy), गो (go)
  • Urdu: گائے (gāe)
• Sinhalese: ගව (gawa)
• → Hindi: गौ (gau)
• → Telugu: గోవు (gōvu)

• Monier Williams (1899) “गो”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 363, column 3.
• Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[1] (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 478-80; 496