-kan

-kan

1. language

-kan

1. 3rd person imperative, let it

   tusikan

   let him sleep

• -ken (Java Bazzar Malay)

Inherited from Malay -kan, from Proto-Malayic *-kən, shortened form of Proto-Malayic *akən. Doublet of akan (“will (future tense auxiliary)”).

• IPA^(key): /-kan/
• Rhymes: -an
• Hyphenation: -kan

-kan (non-active/imperative/basic -kan, active meng- -kan, passive di- -kan)

1. used to indicate transitive imperative beneficial verbs

   Belikan aku sebatang pensil!

   Buy me a pencil!

2. used to indicate transitive imperative causative verb, from an intransitive verb base: to order and cause the object to perform [base].

   Bangunkan Siti!

   Wake up Siti!

3. used to indicate transitive imperative instrumental verb, from an intransitive verb base

   Tikamkan belati ini ke perut harimau itu!

   Thrust this knife into that tiger’s belly!

4. used to indicate transitive imperative locative verb, from a noun base.

   Pasarkan buku itu!

   Take that book to the market!

   Gudangkan kursi ini!

   Take this chair into the warehouse!

5. used to indicate transitive imperative causative verb, from a noun base.

   Korbankan dia!

   Sacrifice him!

• When this suffix is ​​combined with the prefixes meng-, di-, ter-, and ke-, the imperative aspect is lost.

• “-kan” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

-kan

1. Rōmaji transcription of かん

From Proto-Malayic *-kən, shortened form of Proto-Malayic *akən. Related to akan (“will (future tense auxiliary)”).

• IPA^(key): /kan/
• Rhymes: -kan, -an

-kan

1. Used to indicate transitive imperative verbs

   Belikan saya sebatang pen. ― Buy me a pen.

   Haramkan aktiviti ini. ― Ban this activity.

   • 1303 CE, Terengganu Inscription Stone:

     داٮع ٮرىكں، كامڡ[تْ]اورع ٮرٯهوٮع

     Datang berikan. Keempat orang berpiutan

     Come hither. The fourth for debtors.

2. (before an object) Used to form transitive verbs
   • 1371 CE [c. 1296–1316 CE], Kadi Hasan, Hikayat Bayan Budiman (fiction), translation of Tutinama by Ziya' al-Din Nakhshabi (in Persian); transcribed from Jawi script into the Latin alphabet Ekawati Ekawati, Doni Setiyawan, editors, Jakarta: Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa, 2016, →ISBN:

     Sebagai pemimpin, Raja Bayan menyampaikan idenya kepada bayan-bayan yang lain.

     Like a leader, King Parrot told his plan to the other parrots.

• (before a person) -i

-kan (obligatorily possessed)

1. bone

• gikan
• nikan
• okan

• -gan (final for bone)
• -gan-

• The Ojibwe People's Dictionary https://ojibwe.lib.umn.edu/main-entry/nikan-nid

-kan

1. Forms nouns from verbs or adjectives

• Campbell, L. (1985). The Pipil Language of El Salvador. Mouton De Gruyter. p.48

	preceding vowel
	A / I / O / U	E / İ / Ö / Ü
default	-gan	-gen
assimilated	-kan	-ken

• IPA^(key): /kan/

-kan

1. Assimilated form of -gan after the vowels A / I / O / U.

   ‎gez- (“to wander, to go about”) + ‎-egen → ‎gezegen (“planet”)

   ‎çekin- (“to abstain, to hesitate”) + ‎-gen → ‎çekingen (“shy, reserved”)

   ‎çalış- (“to work, to study”) + ‎-kan → ‎çalışkan (“hardworking”)