strand

• (UK) IPA^(key): /stɹænd/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /stɹænd/, [stɹɛənd]

• Audio (General American):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ænd

• From Middle English strand, strond, from Old English strand (“strand, sea-shore, shore”), from Proto-West Germanic *strand, from Proto-Germanic *strandō (“edge, rim, shore”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)trAnt- (“strand, border, field”), from Proto-Indo-European *ster- (“to broaden, spread out”). Cognate with West Frisian strân, Dutch strand, German Strand, Danish strand, Swedish strand, Norwegian Bokmål strand, Icelandic strönd.
• (street): Perhaps from the similarity of shape.

strand (plural strands)

1. The shore or beach of the sea or ocean.

   Grand Strand

   • 1557 July 1, Virgil, “The Second Boke of Virgiles Aenæis”, in Henry [Howard, Earl] of Surrey, transl., edited by William Bolland, Certain Bokes of Virgiles Aenaeis, Turned into English Meter ([Roxburghe Club Publications; I]), London: […] A[braham] J[ohn] Valpy, […], published 1814, →OCLC:

     A woman that wandring in our coaſtes hath bought / A plot for price: where ſhe a citie ſet: / To whom we gaue the ſtrond for to manure.

   • 1726 October 28, [Jonathan Swift], “The Author Sets out as Captain of a Ship. […]”, in Travels into Several Remote Nations of the World. […] [Gulliver’s Travels], volume II, London: […] Benj[amin] Motte, […], →OCLC, part IV (A Voyage to the Houyhnhnms), page 159:

     They rowed about a League; and then ſet me down on a Strand.

2. (poetic, archaic or regional) The shore or beach of a lake or river.
3. A small brook or rivulet.
4. (British dialectal, Northern England, Scotland) A passage for water; gutter.
5. A street.

• strond (obsolete)

strand (third-person singular simple present strands, present participle stranding, simple past and past participle stranded)

1. (transitive, nautical) To run aground; to beach.
2. (transitive, figuratively) To leave (someone) in a difficult situation; to abandon or desert.
3. (transitive, baseball) To cause the third out of an inning to be made, leaving a runner on base.

   Jones pops up; that's going to strand a pair.

4. (transitive, grammar) To leave an element (e.g., an adposition) without its complement adjacent to it.
   • 1985, Joan Maling, Annie Zaenen, “Preposition-Stranding and Passive”, in Nordic Journal of Linguistics, volume 8, number 2, →DOI, page 199:

     We first note that wh-movement can freely strand prepositions in Icelandic, as in the other Scandinavian languages.

   • 2021, Emily Manetta, “Verb-second and the verb-stranding verb phrase ellipsis debate”, in Glossa: a journal of general linguistics‎^[1], volume 6, number 1, →DOI, page 6:

     In her dissertation, Goldberg (2005) offers a review of diagnostics used to identify verb-stranding VPE to that point, including tests which link the characteristics of English-style VPE (which strands an auxiliary verb) to verb-stranding VPE in languages like Hebrew and Irish.

• (run aground): beach
• (leave someone in a difficult situation): abandon, desert

Origin uncertain. Cognate with Scots stran, strawn, strand (“strand”). Perhaps the same as strand ("rivulet, stream, gutter"; see Etymology 1 above); or from Middle English *stran, from Old French estran (“a rope, cord”), from Middle High German stren, strene (“skein, strand”), from Old High German streno, from Proto-West Germanic *strenō, from Proto-Germanic *strinô (“strip, strand”), from Proto-Indo-European *strēy-, *ster- (“strip, line, streak, ray, stripe, row”); related to Dutch streen (“skein, hank of thread, strand, string”), German Strähne (“skein, hank of thread, strand of hair”). Compare also Old High German stranga (“strand of hair”), modern German Strang (“strand, thread, cord”).

strand (plural strands)

1. Each of the strings which, twisted together, make up a yarn, rope or cord.
2. A string.
3. An individual length of any fine, string-like substance.

   strand of spaghetti

   strand of hair

4. (electronics) A group of wires, usually twisted or braided.
5. (broadcasting) A series of programmes on a particular theme or linked subject.
   • 2020, Nichola Dobson, Historical Dictionary of Animation and Cartoons, page 45:

     By 1985, the children's strand had been renamed Children's BBC (CBBC by the mid-1990s), which continued to show animation among other programming in a dedicated time slot.

6. (figurative) An element in a composite whole; a sequence of linked events or facts; a logical thread.

   strand of truth

   • 2004, David Wray, Literacy: Major Themes in Education, Taylor & Francis, →ISBN, page 78:

     She responds to both questions in writing and checks her answer on the fact question. Her suspicions confirmed about the importance of the two names, Miranda vows to pay close attention to this strand of the story as she continues to read.

   • 2024 August 21, 'Industry Insider', “The value of rail reopenings”, in RAIL, number 1016, page 68:

     The concept of a combined authority headed by an elected Mayor is a key strand in current transport development, and is driving a new generation of projects such as bringing rail connectivity to Portishead and stations served by the Mid-Cornwall Metro.

7. (genetics) A nucleotide chain.

• See also Thesaurus:string

Note: many languages have particular words for “a strand of <substance>” that are different for each substance. The translations below refer to strands in general. You might find a more appropriate translation under the word for the substance itself.

strand (third-person singular simple present strands, present participle stranding, simple past and past participle stranded)

1. (transitive) To break a strand of (a rope).
2. (transitive) To form by uniting strands.

• Arndts, trDNAs, drants, darsn't

From Dutch strand, from Middle Dutch strant.

• IPA^(key): /strant/

• Audio:

  (file)

strand (plural strande, diminutive strandjie)

1. beach

From Old Norse strǫnd.

• IPA^(key): /stran/, [sd̥ʁɑnˀ]

strand c (singular definite stranden, plural indefinite strande)

1. beach
2. shore, seashore
3. seaside

strand

1. imperative of strande

• IPA^(key): /strɑnt/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Hyphenation: strand
• Rhymes: -ɑnt
• Homophone: Strand

From Middle Dutch strant. This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

strand n (plural stranden, diminutive strandje n)

1. beach, strand

• Afrikaans: strand

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

strand

1. inflection of stranden:
   1. first-person singular present indicative
   2. (in case of inversion) second-person singular present indicative
   3. imperative

From German Strand.^[1]

• IPA^(key): [ˈʃtrɒnd]
• Rhymes: -ɒnd

strand (plural strandok)

1. beach (a sandy shore of a body of water used for summertime leisure, swimming, suntanning)
2. pool, swimming pool (an urban open-air facility with lawns, trees and several artificially constructed pools, used for summertime leisure)

Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony)
	singular	plural
nominative	strand	strandok
accusative	strandot	strandokat
dative	strandnak	strandoknak
instrumental	stranddal	strandokkal
causal-final	strandért	strandokért
translative	stranddá	strandokká
terminative	strandig	strandokig
essive-formal	strandként	strandokként
essive-modal	—	—
inessive	strandban	strandokban
superessive	strandon	strandokon
adessive	strandnál	strandoknál
illative	strandba	strandokba
sublative	strandra	strandokra
allative	strandhoz	strandokhoz
elative	strandból	strandokból
delative	strandról	strandokról
ablative	strandtól	strandoktól
non-attributive possessive - singular	strandé	strandoké
non-attributive possessive - plural	strandéi	strandokéi

Possessive forms of strand
possessor	single possession	multiple possessions
1st person sing.	strandom	strandjaim
2nd person sing.	strandod	strandjaid
3rd person sing.	strandja	strandjai
1st person plural	strandunk	strandjaink
2nd person plural	strandotok	strandjaitok
3rd person plural	strandjuk	strandjaik

• strandol
• strandos

(Compound words):

• strandcipő
• strandpapucs
• strandtáska

• strand in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN

From stranda (“to run aground”).

• IPA^(key): /strant/
• Rhymes: -ant

strand n (genitive singular strands, nominative plural strönd)

1. running aground, stranding

• strande
• stround, stronde, strond

From Old English strand, from Proto-Germanic *strandō.

• IPA^(key): /strand/, /strɔːnd/

strand (plural strandes)

1. (chiefly Northern) beach, shoreline

• English: strand
• Scots: strand
• Yola: sthroane, sthroan, sthrone, stronde

• “strō̆nd(e, n.(1).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

From Old Norse strǫnd.

strand f or m (definite singular stranda or stranden, indefinite plural strender, definite plural strendene)

1. a beach or shore

• nakenstrand
• sandstrand
• strande
• strandlinje

strand

1. imperative of strande

• “strand” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

From Old Norse strǫnd. Akin to English strand.

• IPA^(key): /strɑnd/, /strɑnː/

strand f (definite singular stranda, indefinite plural strender, definite plural strendene)

1. a beach or shore

• nakenstrand
• sandstrand
• strande
• strandlinje

• “strand” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

From Proto-Germanic *strandō.

• IPA^(key): /strɑnd/

strand n

1. beach
2. shore
   • c. 990, Wessex Gospels, "Gospel of Saint John", chapter 21, verse 4

     Witodlīce on ǣrne merġen sē Hǣlend stōd on þām strande; ne ġecnēowon þēah ðā leorningcnihtas þæt hit sē Hǣlend wæs.

     Certainly at early morning the Healer (Jesus) stood at the shore; Though the disciples did not recognise that it was the Healer (Jesus).

• Middle English: strand, strande, stround, stronde, strond
  • English: strand
  • Scots: strand
  • Yola: sthroane, sthroan, sthrone, stronde
• → Old French: estrande, estran

From Old Swedish strand, from Old Norse strǫnd, from Proto-Germanic *strandō, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)trAnt-.

• Audio:

  (file)

strand c

1. beach (not necessarily sandy)

   ligga och sola på stranden

   [lie and] sunbathe on the beach

2. shore
   • 1891, “Betlehems stjärna (Gläns över sjö och strand) [Star of Betlehem (Shine over sea [most likely in this context, though unusual – see sjö (“lake; sea”)] and shore [Maybe to be understood as "land and sea/water"])]”, Viktor Rydberg (lyrics), Alice Tegnér (music)‎^[2]:

     Gläns över sjö och strand, stjärna ur fjärran. Du som i Österland tändes av Herran.

     Shine over sea and shore, star from [out of] afar. You who in the East ["East-land" – the Orient] were lit by the Lord.

More strongly associated with beaches compared to English shore, but works as a general word for shore when context is provided. Swedish often prefers phrases with land (“land”) instead, for example "Vi seglade mot land" (We sailed toward the shore) and "in mot land" (into shore – "in toward land"). See also for example i land (“ashore”).

• strand in Svensk ordbok (SO)
• strand in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
• strand in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)