fljúga
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See also: fljuga
Icelandic
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Old Norse fljúga, from Proto-Germanic *fleuganą, from Proto-Indo-European *plewk-.
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]fljúga (strong verb, third-person singular past indicative flaug, third-person plural past indicative flugu, supine flogið)
- (intransitive) to fly
Conjugation
[edit]fljúga — active voice (germynd)
| infinitive (nafnháttur) |
að fljúga | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| supine (sagnbót) |
flogið | ||||
| present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar) |
fljúgandi | ||||
| indicative (framsöguháttur) |
subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur) | ||||
| present (nútíð) |
ég flýg | við fljúgum | present (nútíð) |
ég fljúgi | við fljúgum |
| þú flýgur | þið fljúgið | þú fljúgir | þið fljúgið | ||
| hann, hún, það flýgur | þeir, þær, þau fljúga | hann, hún, það fljúgi | þeir, þær, þau fljúgi | ||
| past (þátíð) |
ég flaug | við flugum | past (þátíð) |
ég flygi | við flygjum |
| þú flaugst | þið fluguð | þú flygir | þið flygjuð | ||
| hann, hún, það flaug | þeir, þær, þau flugu | hann, hún, það flygi | þeir, þær, þau flygju | ||
| imperative (boðháttur) |
fljúg (þú) | fljúgið (þið) | |||
| Forms with appended personal pronoun | |||||
| fljúgðu | fljúgiði * | ||||
| * Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred. | |||||
| infinitive (nafnháttur) |
að fljúgast | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| supine (sagnbót) |
flogist | ||||
| present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar) |
fljúgandist ** ** the mediopassive present participle is extremely rare and normally not used; it is never used attributively or predicatively, only for explicatory subclauses | ||||
| indicative (framsöguháttur) |
subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur) | ||||
| present (nútíð) |
ég flýgst | við fljúgumst | present (nútíð) |
ég fljúgist | við fljúgumst |
| þú flýgst | þið fljúgist | þú fljúgist | þið fljúgist | ||
| hann, hún, það flýgst | þeir, þær, þau fljúgast | hann, hún, það fljúgist | þeir, þær, þau fljúgist | ||
| past (þátíð) |
ég flaugst | við flugumst | past (þátíð) |
ég flygist | við flygjumst |
| þú flaugst | þið flugust | þú flygist | þið flygjust | ||
| hann, hún, það flaugst | þeir, þær, þau flugust | hann, hún, það flygist | þeir, þær, þau flygjust | ||
| imperative (boðháttur) |
fljúgst (þú) | fljúgist (þið) | |||
| Forms with appended personal pronoun | |||||
| fljúgstu | fljúgisti * | ||||
| * Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred. | |||||
floginn — past participle (lýsingarháttur þátíðar)
| strong declension (sterk beyging) |
singular (eintala) | plural (fleirtala) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) |
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) | ||
| nominative (nefnifall) |
floginn | flogin | flogið | flognir | flognar | flogin | |
| accusative (þolfall) |
floginn | flogna | flogið | flogna | flognar | flogin | |
| dative (þágufall) |
flognum | floginni | flognu | flognum | flognum | flognum | |
| genitive (eignarfall) |
flogins | floginnar | flogins | floginna | floginna | floginna | |
| weak declension (veik beyging) |
singular (eintala) | plural (fleirtala) | |||||
| masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) |
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) | ||
| nominative (nefnifall) |
flogni | flogna | flogna | flognu | flognu | flognu | |
| accusative (þolfall) |
flogna | flognu | flogna | flognu | flognu | flognu | |
| dative (þágufall) |
flogna | flognu | flogna | flognu | flognu | flognu | |
| genitive (eignarfall) |
flogna | flognu | flogna | flognu | flognu | flognu | |
Derived terms
[edit]- fljúga út (to sell like hotcakes)
- fljúgandi (flying)
- fljúgandi hálka (slippery ice)
- fljúgast
- fljúgast á (to wrestle, to scuffle)
- floginn (vanished)
- sveltur sitjandi kráka en fljúgandi fær
- tíminn flýgur
Old Norse
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Germanic *fleuganą.
Cognate with Old English flēoġan (Modern English fly), Old Frisian fliāga (Saterland Frisian fljooge), Old Saxon fliogan (Low German flegen), Old Dutch fliogan (Dutch vliegen), Old High German fliogan (German fliegen). Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *plewk-. Indo-European cognates include Lithuanian plaũkti.
Verb
[edit]fljúga (singular past indicative flaug, plural past indicative flugu, past participle floginn)
- to fly
Conjugation
[edit]Having a final -g, the past indicative singular form may be fló instead of the otherwise regular flaug. In the second person, the final -t is geminated so that fló + -t = flótt.
Conjugation of fljúga — active (strong class 2)
| infinitive | fljúga | |
|---|---|---|
| present participle | fljúgandi | |
| past participle | floginn | |
| indicative | present | past |
| 1st-person singular | flýg | flaug, fló |
| 2nd-person singular | flýgr | flaugt, flótt |
| 3rd-person singular | flýgr | flaug, fló |
| 1st-person plural | fljúgum | flugum |
| 2nd-person plural | fljúgið | fluguð |
| 3rd-person plural | fljúga | flugu |
| subjunctive | present | past |
| 1st-person singular | fljúga | flyga |
| 2nd-person singular | fljúgir | flygir |
| 3rd-person singular | fljúgi | flygi |
| 1st-person plural | fljúgim | flygim |
| 2nd-person plural | fljúgið | flygið |
| 3rd-person plural | fljúgi | flygi |
| imperative | present | |
| 2nd-person singular | fljúg | |
| 1st-person plural | fljúgum | |
| 2nd-person plural | fljúgið | |
Conjugation of fljúga — mediopassive (strong class 2)
| infinitive | fljúgask | |
|---|---|---|
| present participle | fljúgandisk | |
| past participle | flogizk | |
| indicative | present | past |
| 1st-person singular | fljúgumk | flugumk |
| 2nd-person singular | flýgsk | flaugzk, flózk |
| 3rd-person singular | flýgsk | flaugsk, flósk |
| 1st-person plural | fljúgumsk | flugumsk |
| 2nd-person plural | fljúgizk | fluguzk |
| 3rd-person plural | fljúgask | flugusk |
| subjunctive | present | past |
| 1st-person singular | fljúgumk | flygumk |
| 2nd-person singular | fljúgisk | flygisk |
| 3rd-person singular | fljúgisk | flygisk |
| 1st-person plural | fljúgimsk | flygimsk |
| 2nd-person plural | fljúgizk | flygizk |
| 3rd-person plural | fljúgisk | flygisk |
| imperative | present | |
| 2nd-person singular | fljúgsk | |
| 1st-person plural | fljúgumsk | |
| 2nd-person plural | fljúgizk | |
Related terms
[edit]- fleygja (“to make fly”)
Descendants
[edit]- Icelandic: fljúga
- Faroese: flúgva, fljúgva, fljúga
- Norwegian Nynorsk: fljuga, flyga (partially from present flyg)
- Norwegian Bokmål: fly, flyge
- Swedish: flyga
- Danish: flyve
References
[edit]- “fljúga”, in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press
Categories:
- Icelandic terms derived from Old Norse
- Icelandic terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Icelandic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Icelandic 2-syllable words
- Icelandic terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Icelandic/uːa
- Rhymes:Icelandic/uːa/2 syllables
- Icelandic lemmas
- Icelandic verbs
- Icelandic strong verbs
- Icelandic intransitive verbs
- Icelandic class 2 strong verbs
- Old Norse terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Old Norse lemmas
- Old Norse verbs
- Old Norse class 2 strong verbs