List of Presidents of the Philippines

This a complete list of Presidents of the Philippines that consists of the 14 heads of state in the history of the Philippines. The list includes Presidents who were inaugurated as President of the Philippines following the ratification of a constitution that explicitly declares the existence of the Philippines.

For leaders of the Philippines prior to the arrival of the Spaniards, see Datu. For leaders prior to the ratification of the 1899 constitution, see Royal Governor of the Philippines. For leaders prior to the ratification of the 1935 constitution, see Governor-General of the Philippines.

Note that the Presidents under the Commonwealth of the Philippines were under American sovereignty, and that of the Second Republic is considered to be a puppet government of the Japanese during World War II. Thus the Philippines had "three" Presidents during that war - one "de facto" and two "de jure", and two at the same time.

The First Republic and the Second Republic are not a part of the existing Constitutional succession (begun in 1935), and as such not counted in the order of terms.

The colors indicate the political party or coalition of each President at Election Day or at the time ascendance.

The King of Spain (1565–1898) and the President of the United States (1898–1946) were the heads of state before independence was granted by the United States on July 4, 1946. Emilio Aguinaldo's government was unrecognized by several states, but is considered as head of states among Filipinos; the puppet government during the Japanese occupation was considered independent by the Japanese.

List of Presidents

- align=center
4 ||style="background:#98fb98"| || Sergio Osmeña || August 1, 1944 || May 28, 1946 || Nacionalista || "vacant"|| 2 || rowspan=2| Commonwealth
(Restored)
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rowspan=2| 5 ||rowspan=2 style="background:#f0e68c"| || rowspan=2| Manuel Roxas || rowspan=2| May 28, 1946 || rowspan=2| April 15, 1948 [Died due to a heart attack at Clark Air Base.] || rowspan=2| Liberal || rowspan=2| Elpidio Quirino || rowspan=3| 3
-
rowspan=9| Third Republic
- align=center
rowspan=2| 6 ||rowspan=2 style="background:#f0e68c"| ||rowspan=2| Elpidio Quirino || rowspan=2| April 17, 1948 || rowspan=2| December 30, 1953 || rowspan=2| Liberal || "vacant"
- align=center
Fernando Lopez || 4
- align=center
7 ||style="background:#98fb98"| || Ramon Magsaysay || December 30, 1953 || March 17, 1957 [Died on a plane crash at Mount Manunggal, Cebu] || rowspan=3| Nacionalista || Carlos P. Garcia || rowspan=2| 5
- align=center
rowspan=2| 8 ||rowspan=2 style="background:#98fb98"| || rowspan=2| Carlos P. Garcia || rowspan=2| March 18, 1957 || rowspan=2| December 30, 1961 || "vacant"
- align=center
Diosdado Macapagal || 6
- align=center
9 ||style="background:#f0e68c"| || Diosdado Macapagal || December 30, 1961 || December 30, 1965 || Liberal || Emmanuel Pelaez || 7
- align=center
rowspan=5|10 ||rowspan=2 style="background:#98fb98"| || rowspan=5| Ferdinand Marcos || rowspan=5| December 30, 1965 || rowspan=5|February 25, 1986 [Deposed in the 1986 People Power Revolution.] || rowspan=2| Nacionalista || rowspan=2| Fernando Lopez || 8
- align=center
9
-
rowspan=3 style="background:#F08080"| || align=center rowspan=3| Kilusang Bagong Lipunan ||align=center rowspan=2|"vacant" || align=center|10 || align=center rows=center| Second Dictatorship
"The New Society"
- align=center
11 || rowspan=3|Fourth Republic
- align=center
Arturo Tolentino || rowspan=3|12
- align=center
rowspan=2| 11 ||rowspan=2 style="background:#ffd700"| || rowspan=2|Corazon C. Aquino || rowspan=2|February 25, 1986 [Assumed presidency by claiming victory in the disputed 1986 snap election.] || rowspan=2|June 30, 1992 || rowspan=2| United Nationalists Democratic Organizations || rowspan=2|Salvador Laurel
- align=center
rowspan=5| Fifth Republic
- align=center
12 ||style="background:#B0E0E6"| || Fidel V. Ramos || June 30, 1992 || June 30, 1998 || Lakas-National Union of Christian Democrats-United Muslim Democrats of the Philippines || Joseph Estrada || 13
- align=center
13 ||style="background:#ffa500"| || Joseph E. Estrada || June 30, 1998 || January 20, 2001 [Deposed after the Supreme Court declared Estrada as resigned, and the office of the presidency as vacant as a result, after the 2001 EDSA Revolution.] || Partido ng Masang Pilipino
(Under Laban ng Makabayang Masang Pilipino coalition) || Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo || rowspan=2| 14
- align=center
rowspan=2| 14 || rowspan=2 style="background:#B0E0E6"| ||rowspan=2| Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo || rowspan=2| January 20, 2001 || rowspan=2| Present || Lakas-Christian Muslim Democrats || "vacant"
Teofisto Guingona
- align=center
Lakas-Christian Muslim Democrats
(Under Koalisyon ng Katapatan at Karanasan sa Kinabukasan coalition) || Noli de Castro || 15

Notes

tatistics

*Vice Presidents who succeeded to the Presidency
*# Sergio Osmeña (1944)
*# Elpidio Quirino (1948)
*# Carlos P. Garcia (1957)
*# Joseph Ejercito Estrada (1998)
*# Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo (2001)

*Presidents who have been re-elected
*# Manuel L. Quezon (1941)
*# Ferdinand Marcos (1969, 1981, 1986)

*Presidents who were elected when serving the remaining term of predecessor
*# Elpidio Quirino (1949)
*# Carlos P. Garcia (1957)
*# Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo (2001)

*Longest serving President: Ferdinand Marcos (5,259 days)
*Shortest serving President: Jose P. Laurel (479 days)

References

* [http://www.op.gov.ph/ Office of the (Philippine) President]
* [http://www.pangulo.ph/ The Philippine Presidency Project]

ee also

* Vice President of the Philippines
** List of Vice Presidents of the Philippines
* Prime Minister of the Philippines (presently defunct)
* Seal of the President of the Philippines