Nothing Special   »   [go: up one dir, main page]
Skip to main content

Advertisement

Springer Nature Link
Log in

Low-Level Environmental Lead Exposure and Dysglycemia in Adult Individuals: Results from the Canadian Health and Measure Survey 2007–2011

  • Published:
Biological Trace Element Research Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

We aimed to evaluate the association of exposure to lead with glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting glucose levels (FGLs), and the likelihood for dysglycemia. We accessed data from Canada Health and Measures Survey. General linear models were used to estimate the association between blood lead concentrations (BPb) and both HbA1c and FGLs, while controlling for confounders. Multivariate logistic regression was used for assessing the relation between BPb and the likelihood for dysglycemia. FGLs in participants with moderate BPb (2.5–5.0 μg/dL) were 1.03 (95 % CI 1.00–1.06) times higher compared with participants with BPb < 2.5 μg/dL. Equivalent figures for those with BPb ≥ 5.0 μg/dL were 1.10 (95 % CI 1.01–1.20) times, relative to the lowest stratum. This association was attenuated using HbA1c to define dysglycemia. Lead exposure was associated with the likelihood for neither FGLs ≥ 1.10 g/L nor HbA1c ≥ 5.7 %. The association between lead exposure and dysglycemia, if any, is likely to be very modest, at least at the population level.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
$34.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or eBook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Tuomilehto J, Rastenyte D, Jousilahti P, Sarti C, Vartiainen E (1996) Diabetes mellitus as a risk factor for death from stroke. Prospective study of the middle-aged Finnish population. Stroke 27:210–215

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Haffner SM (1998) The importance of hyperglycemia in the nonfasting state to the development of cardiovascular disease. Endocr Rev 19:583–592

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Brun E, Nelson RG, Bennett PH, Imperatore G, Zoppini G, Verlato G, et al. (2000) Diabetes duration and cause-specific mortality in the Verona diabetes study. Diabetes Care 23:1119–1123

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. International Diabetes Federation (2013) IDF Diabete atlas, 6th edn. International Diabetes Federation, Brussels

    Google Scholar 

  5. Lipscombe LL, Hux JE (2007) Trends in diabetes prevalence, incidence, and mortality in Ontario, Canada 1995-2005: a population-based study. Lancet 369:750–756

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Shaw JE, Sicree RA, Zimmet PZ (2010) Global estimates of the prevalence of diabetes for 2010 and 2030. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 87:4–14

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. U.S. CDC (2014) National Diabetes Statistics Report. Available on http://www.cdc.gov//diabetes/pubs/statsreport14/national-diabetes-report-web.pdf. Accessed 15 July 2014.

  8. Shaw JE, Zimmet PZ, de Courten M, Dowse GK, Chitson P, Gareeboo H, et al. (1999) Impaired fasting glucose or impaired glucose tolerance: what best predicts future diabetes in Mauritius? Diabetes Care 22:399–402

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. deVegt F, Dekker JM, Jager A, Hienkens E, Kostense PJ, Stehouwer CD, et al. (2001) Relations of impaired fasting and postload glucose with incident type 2 diabetes in a Dutch population: the Hoorn study. JAMA 285:2109–2113

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Tuomilehto J, Lindström J, Eriksson JG, Valle TT, Hämäläinen H, Ilanne-Parikka P, et al. (2001) Prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus by changes in lifestyle among subjects with impaired glucose tolerance. N Engl J Med 344:1343–1350

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Knowler WC, Barrett-Conner E, Fowler SE, Hamman RF, Lachin JM, Walker EA, et al. (2002) Reduction in the incidence of type 2 diabetes with lifestyle intervention or metformin. N Engl J Med 346:393–403

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Benoff S, Jacob A, Hurley IR (2000) Male infertility and environmental exposure to lead and cadmium. Hum Reprod Update 6:107–121

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Partsch CJ, Sippell WG (2001) Pathogenesis and epidemiology of precocious puberty: effects of exogenous oestrogens. Hum Reprod Update 7:292–302

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Høyer AP, Jørgensen T, Brock JW, Grandjean P (2000) Organochlorine exposure and breast cancer survival. J Clin Epidemiol 53:323–330

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Pal S, Blais JM, Robidoux MA, Haman F, Krümmel E, Seabert TA, et al. (2013) The association of type 2 diabetes and insulin resistance/secretion with persistent organic pollutants in two first nations communities in northern Ontario. Diabetes Metab 39:497–504

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Chen YW, Yang CY, Huang CF, Hung DZ, Leung YM, Liu SH (2009) Heavy metals, islet function and diabetes development. Islets 1:169–176

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Chandramouli K, Steer CD, Ellis M, Emond AM (2009) Effects of early childhood lead exposure on academic performance and behaviour of school age children. Arch Dis Child 94:844–848

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. U.S. National Toxicology Program (2011) Health effects of low-level lead. Available on http://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/NTP/ohat/Lead/Final/MonographHealthEffectsLowLevelLead_Final_508.pdf. Accessed 15 July 2014. In: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Institute of Health.

  19. Lanphear BP, Hornung R, Khoury J, Yolton K, Baghurst P, Bellinger DC, et al. (2005) Low-level environmental lead exposure and children’s intellectual function: an international pooled analysis. Environmental health perspectives. Environ Health Perspect 113:894–899

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  20. Kolachi NF, Kazi TG, Afridi HI, Kazi N, Khan S, Kandhro GA, et al. (2011) Status of toxic metals in biological samples of diabetic mothers and their neonates. Biol Trace Elem Res 143:196–212

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Afridi HI, Kazi TG, Brabazon D, Naher S, Talpur FN (2013) Comparative metal distribution in scalp hair of Pakistani and Irish referents and diabetes mellitus patients. Clin Chim Acta 415:207–214

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Bener A, Obineche E, Gillett M, Pasha MA, Bishawi B (2001) Association between blood levels of lead, blood pressure and risk of diabetes and heart disease in workers. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 74:375–378

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Giroux S (2007) Canadian health measures survey: sampling strategy overview. Health Rep 18:31–36

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Day B, Langlois R, Tremblay M, Knoppers BM (2007) Canadian health measures survey: ethical, legal and social issues. Health Rep 18(Suppl):37–52

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Institut National de Santé Publique du Québec (2009) Analytical method for the determination of metals and iodine in blood by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), DRC II (M-572), condensed version. Laboratoire de toxicologie. 2009–04-29.

  26. Fernandez L, Jee P, Klein M-J, Fischer P, Perkins SL, Brooks SPJ (2013) A comparison of glucose concentration in paired specimens collected in serum separator and fluoride/potassium oxalate blood collection tubes under survey ’field’ conditions. Clin Biochem 46:285–288

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Spayd RW, Bruschi B, Burdick BA, Dappen GM, Eikenberry JN, Esders TW, et al. (1978) Multilayer film elements for clinical analysis: applications to representative chemical determinations. Clin Chem 24:1343–1350

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Allain CC, Poon LS, Chan CS, Richmond W, Fu PC (1974) Enzymatic determination of total serum cholesterol. Clin Chem 20:470–475

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. International Expert Committee (2009) International expert committee report on the role of the A1C assay in the diagnosis of diabetes. Diabetes Care 32:1327–1334

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. U.S. CDC (2012) What Do Parents Need to Know to Protect Their Children? Update on Blood Lead Levels in Children. Available on http://www.cdc.gov/nceh/lead/ACCLPP/blood_lead_levels.htm, Accessed 15 July 2014.

  31. Schroeder MA (1990) Diagnosing and dealing with multicollinearity. West J Nurs Res 12:175–187

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Hernán MA, Hernández-Díaz S, Robins JM (2004) A structural approach to selection bias. Epidemiology 15:615–625

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Moon SS (2013) Association of lead, mercury and cadmium with diabetes in the Korean population: the Korea National Health and nutrition examination survey (KNHANES) 2009–2010. Diabet Med 30:e143–e148

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Rhee SY, Hwang Y-C, Woo J-T, Sinn DH, Chin SO, Chon S, et al (2013) Blood lead is significantly associated with metabolic syndrome in Korean adults: an analysis based on the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES), 2008. Cardiovascular Diabetology 12:doi: 10.1186/1475-2840-1112-1189.

  35. He K, Xun P, Liu K, Morris S, Reis J, Guallar E (2013) Mercury exposure in young adulthood and incidence of diabetes later in life: the CARDIA trace element study. Diabetes Care 36:1584–1589

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  36. Mozaffarian D, Shi P, Morris JS, Grandjean P, Siscovick DS, Spiegleman D, et al. (2013) Methylmercury exposure and incident diabetes in U.S. men and women in two prospective cohorts. Diabetes Care 36:3578–3584

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  37. Barregard L, Bergström G, Fagerberg B (2013) Cadmium exposure in relation to insulin production, insulin sensitivity and type 2 diabetes: a cross-sectional and prospective study in women. Environ Res 121:104–109

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  38. Schwartz GG, Il’yasova D, Ivanova A (2003) Urinary cadmium, impaired fasting glucose, and diabetes in the NHANES III. Diabetes Care 26:468–470

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  39. Bressler J, Kim KA, Chakraborti T, Goldstein G (1999) Molecular mechanisms of lead toxicity. Neurochem Res 24:595–600

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  40. Lidsky TI, Schneider JS (2003) Lead neurotoxicity in children: basic mechanisms and clinical correlates. Brain 126:5–19

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  41. Markovac J, Goldstein GW (1988) Picomolar concentrations of lead stimulate brain protein kinase C. Nature 334:71–73

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  42. Long GJ, Rosen JF, Schanne FA (1994) Lead activation of protein kinase C from rat brain. Determination of free calcium, lead, and zinc by 19F NMR. J Biol Chem 269:834–837

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  43. Tomsig JL, Suszkiw JB (1995) Multisite interactions between Pb21 and protein kinase C and its role in norepinephrine release from bovine adrenal chromaffin cells. J Neurochem 64:2667–2673

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  44. Chen HH, Ma T, Paul IA, Spencer JL, Ho IK (1997) Developmental lead exposure and two-way active avoidance training alter the distribution of protein kinase C activity in the rat hippocampus. Neurochem Res 22:1119–1125

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  45. Saltiel AR, Kahn CR (2001) Insulin signalling and the regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism. Nature 414:799–806

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  46. Kahn SE, Hull RL, Utzschneider KM (2006) Mechanisms linking obesity to insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Nature 444:840–846

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

We gratefully acknowledge Statistics Canada for providing data analyzed in the present study.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Population Health and Optimal Health Practices Research Unit, CHUQ Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Bureau JS1—13, 1050 Chemin Sainte-Foy, Québec, QC, G1S 4L8, Canada

    Gerard Ngueta

  2. Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada

    Gerard Ngueta

  3. Non-Communicable Diseases Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council and University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa

    André Pascal Kengne

Authors
  1. Gerard Ngueta
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. André Pascal Kengne
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Gerard Ngueta.

Ethics declarations

Funding Sources

None

Electronic supplementary material

Table S1

(DOC 59 kb)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Ngueta, G., Kengne, A.P. Low-Level Environmental Lead Exposure and Dysglycemia in Adult Individuals: Results from the Canadian Health and Measure Survey 2007–2011. Biol Trace Elem Res 175, 278–286 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-016-0786-0

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-016-0786-0

Keywords

Search

Navigation