Subtyping and multiple inheritance are the essential features of oo and component-based programming languages, in particular with the presence of interfaces and contracts. More general, the composability of these constructs admitting the subtype ...

We address the problem of dynamically checking if an instance of class S is also an instance of class T. Researchers have designed various strategies to perform constant-time subtype tests. Yet, well-known production implementations degrade to linear ...

Multiple inheritance is often criticised for the ambiguity that arises when multiple parents want to pass on a feature with the same name to their offspring. A survey of programming languages reveals that no programming language has an inherently ...

This paper presents an OO style without classes, which we call interface-based object-oriented programming (IB). IB is a natural extension of closely related ideas such as traits. Abstract state operations provide a new way to deal with state, which ...

Agent-Oriented Programming (AOP) is a high-level pro-gramming paradigm for implementing intelligent distrib-uted systems. While a number of AOP languages have been proposed in the literature, many of them focus on the provision of support for ...

We present the problem of class hierarchy complementation: given a partially known hierarchy of classes together with subtyping constraints ("A has to be a transitive subtype of B") complete the hierarchy so that it satisfies all constraints. The ...

In a programming language, the choice of a generics typing policy impacts both typing test semantics and type safety. In this paper, we compare the cost of the generic policy chosen and analyze its impacts on the subtype test performance.

To make this ...

This paper presents a graph-based formalism for an Ontology Based Access Control (OBAC) system applied to Digital Library (DL) ontology. It uses graph transformations, a graphical specification technique based on a generalization of classical string ...

In object-oriented languages, overloaded methods with multiple dispatch extend the functionality of existing classes, and multiple inheritance allows a class to reuse code in multiple classes. However, both multiple dispatch and multiple inheritance ...

In previous work, we presented rules for defining overloaded functions that ensure type safety under symmetric multiple dispatch in an object-oriented language with multiple inheritance, and we showed how to check these rules without requiring the ...

Late binding and subtyping create run-time overhead for object-oriented languages, especially in the context of both multiple inheritance and dynamic loading, for instance for JAVA interfaces. In a previous article, we proposed a novel approach based on ...

Late binding and subtyping create run-time overhead for object-oriented languages. Dynamic typing and multiple inheritance create even more overhead. Static typing and single inheritance lead to two major invariants, of reference and position, that make ...

Object-oriented programming represents an original implementation issue due to its philosophy of making the program behavior depend on the dynamic type of objects. This is expressed by the late binding mechanism, aka message sending. The underlying ...

Object layout - the concrete in-memory representation of objects - raises many delicate issues in the case of the C++ language, owing in particular to multiple inheritance, C compatibility and separate compilation. This paper formalizes a family of C++ ...

Encapsulated abstractions are fundamental in object-oriented programming. A single class may employ multiple abstractions to achieve its purpose. Such abstractions are often related and combined in disciplined ways. This paper explores ways to express, ...

Multiple inheritance and dynamic loading increase the overhead yielded by object-oriented mechanisms like late binding. This article provides an empirical assessment of the implementation technique that can be used in this context, namely C++-like ...

Late binding and subtyping create run-time overhead for object-oriented languages, especially in the context of both multiple inheritance and dynamic loading, for instance for Java interfaces. It is, however, generally agreed that the efficiency of Java ...

Object-oriented languages involve a threefold tradeoff between runtime efficiency, expressiveness (multiple inheritance), and modularity, i.e. open-world assumption (OWA). Runtime efficiency is conditioned by both the implementation technique and ...

Multiple inheritance has long been plagued with the "diamond" inheritance problem, leading to solutions that restrict expressiveness, such as mixins and traits. Instead, we address the diamond problem directly, considering two difficulties it causes: ...

It is sometimes necessary to operate on data having different sets of attributes. It can be caused by the fact that the data come from different sources or that we collected different amount of information about different real-world entities. In such ...