Article

Free access

Practical experience with an application extractor for Java

Authors:

Peter F. Sweeney,

David StreeterAuthors Info & Claims

OOPSLA '99: Proceedings of the 14th ACM SIGPLAN conference on Object-oriented programming, systems, languages, and applications

Pages 292 - 305

https://doi.org/10.1145/320384.320414

Published: 01 October 1999 Publication History

Abstract

Java programs are routinely transmitted over low-bandwidth network connections as compressed class file archives (i.e., zip files and jar files). Since archive size is directly proportional to download time, it is desirable for applications to be as small as possible. This paper is concerned with the use of program transformations such as removal of dead methods and fields, inlining of method calls, and simplification of the class hierarchy for reducing application size. Such “extraction” techniques are generally believed to be especially useful for applications that use class libraries, since typically only a small fraction of a library's functionality is used. By “pruning away” unused library functionality, application size can be reduced dramatically. We implemented a number of application extraction techniques in Jax, an application extractor for Java, and evaluate their effectiveness on a set of realistic benchmarks ranging from 27 to 2,332 classes (with archives ranging from 56,796 to 3,810,120 bytes). We report archive size reductions ranging from 13.4% to 90.2% (48.7% on average).

References

[1]

AGESEN, Q. Concrete Type Inference: Delivering Object-Oriented Applications. PhD thesis, Stanford University, December 1995. Appeared as Sun Microsystems Laboratories Technical Report SMLI TR-96-52.

Digital Library

[2]

AGESEN, O., AND UNGAR, D. Sifting out the gold: Delivering compact applications from an exploratory object-oriented programming environment. In Proceedings of the Ninth Annual Conference on Object-Oriented Programming Systems, Languages, and Applications (OOPSLA'94) (Portland, OR, 1994), pp. 355-370. ACM SIGPLAN Notices 29(10).

Digital Library

[3]

ARNOLD, K., AND GOSLING, J. The Java Programming Language, second edition ed. Addison-Wesley, 1997.

Digital Library

[4]

BACON, D. F. Fast and Effective Optimziation of Statically Typed Object-Oriented Languages. PhD thesis, University of California at Berkeley, Dec 1997. Forthcoming.

Digital Library

[5]

BACON, D. F., AND SWEENEY, P. F. Fast static analysis of C++ virtual function calls. In Proceedings of the Eleventh Annual Conference on Object-Oriented Programming Systems, Lnaguages, and Applications (OOPSLA '96) (San Jose, CA, 1996), pp. 324-341. ACM SIGPLAN Notices 31(10).

Digital Library

[6]

BRADLEY, Q., HORSPOOL, R. N., AND VITEK, J. Jazz: An efficient compressed format for java archive files. In CASCON'98 (November/December 1998), pp. 294-302.

Digital Library

[7]

CALDER, B., KRINTZ, C., AND HOLZLE, U. Reducing transfer delay using java class file splitting and prefetching. In these proceedings.

[8]

DEAN, J., GROVE, D., AND CHAMBERS, C. Optimization of object-oriented programs using static class hierarchy analysis. In Proceedigns of the Ninth European Conference on Object-Oriented Programming (ECOOP'95) (Aarhus, Denmark, Aug. 1995), W. Olthoff, Ed., Springer-Verlag, pp. 77-101.

Digital Library

[9]

DIGITALK INC. Smalltalk/V for win32 Programming, 1993. Chapter 17: "Object Libraries and Library Builder.

[10]

GOSLING, J., Joy, B., AND STEELE, G. The Java Language Specification. Addison-Wesley, 1996.

Digital Library

[11]

HORSPOOL, R. N., AND CORLESS, J. Tailored compression of java class files. Software-- Practice and Experience 28, 12 (1998), 1253-1268.

Digital Library

[12]

IBM CORPORATION. IBM Smalltalk User's Guide, version 3, release 0 ed., 1995. Chapter 36: Introduction to Packaging, Chapter 37: "Simple Packaging, Chapter 38: " Advanced Packaging.

[13]

ISHIZAKI, K., KAWAHITO, M., YASUB, T., TAKEUCHI, M., OGASAWARA, T., SUGANUMA, T., ONODERA, T., KOMATSU, H., AND NAKATANI, T. Design, implementation, and evaluation of optimizations in a just-in-time compiler. In Proceedigns of the ACM SIGPLAN JavaGrande Conference (San Francisco, CA, June 1999).

Digital Library

[14]

KRINTZ, C., CALDER, B., LEE, H. B., AND ZORN, B. G. Overlapping execution with transfer using non-strict execution for mobile programs. In Proceedigns of the 8th International Conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems (San Jose, California, October 1998), pp. 159-169.

Digital Library

[15]

LINDHOLM, T., AND YELLIN, F. The Java Virtual Machine Specification. Addison-Wesley, 1997.

Digital Library

[16]

PANDE, H. D., AND RYDER, B. G. Data-flow-based virtual function resolution. In Proceedings of the Third International Symposium on Static Analysis (SAS'96) (September 1996), pp. 238-254. Springer- Verlag LNCS 1145.

Digital Library

[17]

PARCPLACE SYSTEMS. ParcPlace Smalltalk, ovjectworks release 4.1 ed., 1992. Section 16: Deploying an Application, Section 28: Binary Object Streaming Service.

[18]

PUGH, W. Compressing java class files. In Proceedings of the ACM SIGPLAN'99 Conference on Programming Language Design and Implementation (Atlanta, GA, May 1999), pp. 247-258. ACM SIGPLAN Notices 34(5).

Digital Library

[19]

SHAPIRO, M., AND HORWITZ, S. Fast and accurate flow-insensitive points-to analysis. In Conference Record of the Twenty-Fourth ACM Symposium on Principles of Programming Languages (Paris, France, 1997), pp. 1-14.

Digital Library

[20]

STEENSGAARD, B. Points-to analysis in almost linear time. In Proceedings of the Twenty-Third ACM Symposium on Principles of Programming Languages (St. Petersburg, FL, January 1996), pp. 32-41.

Digital Library

[21]

SWEENEY, P. F., AND TIP, F. A study of dead data members in C++ applications. In Proceedings of the ACM SIGPLAN'98 Conference on Programming Language Design and Implementation (Montreal, Canada, June 1998), pp. 324-332. ACM SIGPLAN Notices 33(6).

Digital Library

[22]

TIP, F., CHOI, J.-D., FIELD, J., AND RAMALINGAM, G. Slicing class hierarchies in C++. In Proceedings of the Eleventh Annual Conference on Object-Oriented Programming Systems, Languages, and Applications (OOPSLA'96) (San Jose, CA, 1996), pp. 179-197. ACM SIGPLAN Notices 31(10).

Digital Library

[23]

TIP, F., AND SWEENEY, P. Class hierarchy specialization. In Proceedings of the Twelfth Annual Conference on Object-Oriented Programming Systems, Languages, and Applications (OOPSLA '97) (Atlanta, GA, 1997), pp. 271-285. ACM SIGPLAN Notices 32(10).

Digital Library

[24]

TIP, F., AND SWEENEY, P. F. Class hierarchy specialization. Tech. rep. RC21111, IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, February 1998.

Cited By

Nakamura HSonoyama AKamiyama TOguchi MYamaguchi S(2024)Performance Study of Kotlin and Java Programs with Bytecode AnalysisJournal of Information Processing10.2197/ipsjjip.32.38032(380-395)Online publication date: 2024
https://doi.org/10.2197/ipsjjip.32.380
Thomas IDucasse SPolito GTesone P(2024)Assessing Reflection Usage with Mutation Testing Augmented AnalysisReuse and Software Quality10.1007/978-3-031-66459-5_7(105-122)Online publication date: 19-Jun-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1007/978-3-031-66459-5_7
Soto-Valero CDurieux THarrand NBaudry B(2023)Coverage-Based Debloating for Java BytecodeACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology10.1145/354694832:2(1-34)Online publication date: 4-Apr-2023
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3546948
Show More Cited By

Index Terms

Practical experience with an application extractor for Java

Recommendations

Practical experience with an application extractor for Java

Java programs are routinely transmitted over low-bandwidth network connections as compressed class file archives (i.e., zip files and jar files). Since archive size is directly proportional to download time, it is desirable for applications to be as ...
Java EE 5 Development using GlassFish Application Server: The complete guide to installing and configuring the GlassFish Application Server and developing ... 5 applications to be deployed to this server
Java EE 6 with GlassFish 3 Application Server

Comments

Please enable JavaScript to view thecomments powered by Disqus.

Information & Contributors

Information

Published In

cover image ACM Conferences

OOPSLA '99: Proceedings of the 14th ACM SIGPLAN conference on Object-oriented programming, systems, languages, and applications

October 1999

462 pages

ISBN:1581132387

DOI:10.1145/320384

Chairmen:
Brent Hailpern
IBM T. J. Watson Research Center
,
Linda M. Northrop
Carnegie Mellon Univ., Pittsburgh, PA
,
Editor:
A. Michael Berman

ACM SIGPLAN Notices Volume 34, Issue 10
Oct. 1999
460 pages
ISSN:0362-1340
EISSN:1558-1160
DOI:10.1145/320385
Chairman:
Brent Hailpern,
Editors:
A. Michael Berman,
Linda M. Northrop
Issue’s Table of Contents

Copyright © 1999 ACM.

Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]

Sponsors

SIGPLAN: ACM Special Interest Group on Programming Languages

Publisher

Association for Computing Machinery

New York, NY, United States

Publication History

Published: 01 October 1999

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Request Permissions

Check for updates

Qualifiers

Article

Conference

OOPSLA99

Sponsor:

SIGPLAN

OOPSLA99: Conference on Object Oriented Programming Systems Languages and Applications

November 1 - 5, 1999

Colorado, Denver, USA

Acceptance Rates

OOPSLA '99 Paper Acceptance Rate 30 of 152 submissions, 20%;

Overall Acceptance Rate 268 of 1,244 submissions, 22%

Upcoming Conference

Contributors

Other Metrics

View Article Metrics

Bibliometrics & Citations

Bibliometrics

Article Metrics

96
Total Citations
View Citations
704
Total Downloads

Downloads (Last 12 months)119
Downloads (Last 6 weeks)29

Reflects downloads up to 20 Nov 2024

Other Metrics

View Author Metrics

Citations

Cited By

Nakamura HSonoyama AKamiyama TOguchi MYamaguchi S(2024)Performance Study of Kotlin and Java Programs with Bytecode AnalysisJournal of Information Processing10.2197/ipsjjip.32.38032(380-395)Online publication date: 2024
https://doi.org/10.2197/ipsjjip.32.380
Thomas IDucasse SPolito GTesone P(2024)Assessing Reflection Usage with Mutation Testing Augmented AnalysisReuse and Software Quality10.1007/978-3-031-66459-5_7(105-122)Online publication date: 19-Jun-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1007/978-3-031-66459-5_7
Soto-Valero CDurieux THarrand NBaudry B(2023)Coverage-Based Debloating for Java BytecodeACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology10.1145/354694832:2(1-34)Online publication date: 4-Apr-2023
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3546948
Soto-Valero CTiwari DToady TBaudry B(2023)Automatic Specialization of Third-Party Java DependenciesIEEE Transactions on Software Engineering10.1109/TSE.2023.332495049:11(5027-5045)Online publication date: Nov-2023
https://doi.org/10.1109/TSE.2023.3324950
Huang SWang X(2023)PExReport: Automatic Creation of Pruned Executable Cross-Project Failure Reports2023 IEEE/ACM 45th International Conference on Software Engineering (ICSE)10.1109/ICSE48619.2023.00027(184-195)Online publication date: May-2023
https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSE48619.2023.00027
Turcotte AArteca EMishra AAlimadadi STip F(2022)Stubbifier: debloating dynamic server-side JavaScript applicationsEmpirical Software Engineering10.1007/s10664-022-10195-627:7Online publication date: 1-Dec-2022
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1007/s10664-022-10195-6
Kalhauge CPalsberg JFreund SYahav E(2021)Logical bytecode reductionProceedings of the 42nd ACM SIGPLAN International Conference on Programming Language Design and Implementation10.1145/3453483.3454091(1003-1016)Online publication date: 19-Jun-2021
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3453483.3454091
Tomassi DRubio-González CGrundy J(2021)On the real-world effectiveness of static bug detectors at finding null pointer exceptionsProceedings of the 36th IEEE/ACM International Conference on Automated Software Engineering10.1109/ASE51524.2021.9678535(292-303)Online publication date: 15-Nov-2021
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1109/ASE51524.2021.9678535
Bruce BZhang TArora JXu GKim MDevanbu PCohen MZimmermann T(2020)JShrink: in-depth investigation into debloating modern Java applicationsProceedings of the 28th ACM Joint Meeting on European Software Engineering Conference and Symposium on the Foundations of Software Engineering10.1145/3368089.3409738(135-146)Online publication date: 8-Nov-2020
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3368089.3409738
Wimmer CStancu CHofer PJovanovic VWögerer PKessler PPliss OWürthinger T(2019)Initialize once, start fast: application initialization at build timeProceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages10.1145/33606103:OOPSLA(1-29)Online publication date: 10-Oct-2019
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3360610
Show More Cited By

View Options

View options

PDF

View or Download as a PDF file.

eReader

View online with eReader.

Login options

Check if you have access through your login credentials or your institution to get full access on this article.

Full Access

Get this Publication

Media

Figures

Other

Tables

View Table of Contents