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TagAlong: A Free, Wide-Area Data-Muling Service Built on the AirTag Protocol

Published: 24 January 2023 Publication History

Abstract

We demonstrate how to leverage Apple's Find My protocol, most well known as the underlying protocol of the AirTag, for arbitrary data-muling. This provides a new "infrastructure-free" deployment option, where areas with frequent human activity can take advantage of this zero-cost backhaul network. While there are severe limitations (e.g. no acknowledgement channel back to the sending device), Find My-based networking could still be a highly reliable backhaul with sufficient transmission redundancy and knowledge of deployment context.
In this demo, we allow users to send arbitrary data to devices that will forward the data to the Find My network. The data is then recovered from Apple's servers and displayed on a status page. Critically, we will not deploy any of our own intermediate infrastructure and will instead rely on a sufficient density of iPhones and other Apple devices from the demo audience to backhaul data from our demo.

References

[1]
F. Bräunlein. Send my: Arbitrary data transmission via apple's find my network, May 2021.
[2]
J. Evans. Jealous man used apple airtag to track ex-partner's car. WalesOnline.
[3]
A. Heinrich and M. Stute. Openhaystack. https://github.com/seemoo-lab/openhaystack, 2021.
[4]
A. Heinrich, M. Stute, and M. Hollick. Openhaystack: A framework for tracking personal bluetooth devices via apple's massive find my network. In Proceedings of the 14th ACM Conference on Security and Privacy in Wireless and Mobile Networks, WiSec '21, page 374--376, New York, NY, USA, 2021. Association for Computing Machinery.
[5]
A. Heinrich, M. Stute, T. Kornhuber, and M. Hollick. Who can find my devices? security and privacy of apple's crowd-sourced bluetooth location tracking system. Proceedings on Privacy Enhancing Technologies, 2021(3):227--245, 2021.
[6]
K. Holt. Model brooks nader says someone used an airtag to track her. Engadget.
[7]
M. Levitt. Airtags are being used to track people and cars. here's what is being done about it. NPR.
[8]
J. Martin, D. Alpuche, K. Bodeman, L. Brown, E. Fenske, L. Foppe, T. Mayberry, E. Rye, B. Sipes, and S. Teplov. Handoff all your privacy - a review of apple's bluetooth low energy continuity protocol. Proceedings on Privacy Enhancing Technologies, 2019(4):34--53, 2019.
[9]
T. Mayberry, E. Fenske, D. Brown, J. Martin, C. Fossaceca, E. C. Rye, S. Teplov, and L. Foppe. Who tracks the trackers? circumventing apple's anti-tracking alerts in the find my network. In Proceedings of the 20th Workshop on Workshop on Privacy in the Electronic Society, WPES '21, page 181--186, New York, NY, USA, 2021. Association for Computing Machinery.
[10]
D. Ovalle. Miami-dade cop accused of stalking ex with airtag in latest case involving apple tracker. Miami Herald.
[11]
A. Scott. Stalker tracks woman with airtag, police say. WREG Memphis.
[12]
P. Security. Sendmy. https://github.com/positive-security/send-my, 2021.

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        cover image ACM Conferences
        SenSys '22: Proceedings of the 20th ACM Conference on Embedded Networked Sensor Systems
        November 2022
        1280 pages
        ISBN:9781450398862
        DOI:10.1145/3560905
        Permission to make digital or hard copies of part or all of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for third-party components of this work must be honored. For all other uses, contact the Owner/Author.

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        Publication History

        Published: 24 January 2023

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        SenSys '22 Paper Acceptance Rate 52 of 187 submissions, 28%;
        Overall Acceptance Rate 174 of 867 submissions, 20%

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