A hierarchical routing algorithm for wireless sensor networks (WSNs) is discussed. We select cluster heads according to related distances and residual energy. Both effects of the number of nodes dissipated and the energy consumption act on propagation distances. In addition, the related density effects on the propagation distance. We Define comprehensive influence factor and propagation influence factor, adjust the initial probability of nodes participating in cluster heads’ election, make propagation distances of nodes gradually increase within a certain range. Simulation results show that both cluster heads and failure nodes are evenly distributed in the whole sensor network. The residual energy of nodes are balanced inter the living nodes, which extends the survival time of the network. The routing algorithm we have designed has the characteristics of better balanced energy consumption.