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High intakes of milk, but not meat, increase s-insulin and insulin resistance in 8-year-old boys

European Journal of Clinical Nutrition volume 59, pages 393–398 (2005)Cite this article

Abstract

Objective:

Our objective was to examine if a high animal protein intake from milk or meat increased s-insulin and insulin resistance in healthy, prepubertal children. A high animal protein intake results in higher serum branched chain amino acids (BCAA; leucine, isoleucine and valine) concentrations, which are suggested to stimulate insulin secretion. Furthermore, milk possesses some postprandial insulinotrophic effect that is not related to its carbohydrate content.

Design:

A total of 24 8-y-old boys were asked to take 53 g protein as milk or meat daily. At baseline and after 7 days, diet was registered, and insulin, glucose, and amino acids were determined. Insulin resistance and beta cell function were calculated with the homeostasis model assessment.

Results:

Protein intake increased by 61 and 54% in the milk- and meat-group, respectively. In the milk-group, fasting s-insulin concentrations doubled, which caused the insulin resistance to increase similarly. In the meat-group, there was no increase in insulin and insulin resistance. As the BCAAs increased similarly in both groups, stimulation of insulin secretion through BCAAs is not supported.

Conclusions:

Our results indicate that a short-term high milk, but not meat, intake increased insulin secretion and resistance. The long-term consequences of this are unknown. The effect of high protein intakes from different sources on glucose–insulin metabolism needs further studying.

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Acknowledgements

We are grateful to SA Munksgaard for valuable assistance with the blood samples, to B Hermansen for valuable assistance with the meat supplements, and to A Blicher for performing the amino acid analysis. The idea for this study came from a discussion between the authors.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Human Nutrition and Centre for Advanced Food Studies, The Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, Frederiksberg, Denmark

    C Hoppe, C Mølgaard & K F Michaelsen

  2. Steno Diabetes Centre, Gentofte, Denmark

    A Vaag

  3. BioCentrum-DTU, Biochemistry and Nutrition and Centre for Advanced Food Studies, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark

    V Barkholt

Authors
  1. C Hoppe
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  2. C Mølgaard
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  3. A Vaag
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  4. V Barkholt
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  5. K F Michaelsen
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to C Hoppe.

Additional information

Guarantor: C Hoppe.

Contributors: CH conducted the statistical analyses and prepared the first draft of the manuscript in collaboration with CM, AV and KFM. VB was responsible for all measurements of amino acids. All contributors participated in interpreting the results and were involved in preparing the final draft of the manuscript. No author had a financial or personal conflict of interest related to this research or its source of funding.

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Hoppe, C., Mølgaard, C., Vaag, A. et al. High intakes of milk, but not meat, increase s-insulin and insulin resistance in 8-year-old boys. Eur J Clin Nutr 59, 393–398 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602086

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