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Study of primordial deuterium abundance in Big Bang nucleosynthesis

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Abstract

Big Bang nucleosynthesis (BBN) theory predicts the primordial abundances of the light elements \(^2\)H (referred to as deuterium, or D for short), \(^3\)He, \(^4\)He, and \(^7\)Li produced in the early universe. Among these, deuterium, the first nuclide produced by BBN, is a key primordial material for subsequent reactions. To date, the uncertainty in predicted deuterium abundance (D/H) remains larger than the observational precision. In this study, the Monte Carlo simulation code PRIMAT was used to investigate the sensitivity of 11 important BBN reactions to deuterium abundance. We found that the reaction rate uncertainties of the four reactions d(d,n)\(^3\)He, d(d,p)t, \(\text{d}(\text{p},\gamma )^3\)He, and \(\text{p}(\text{n},\gamma)\text{d}\) had the largest influence on the calculated D/H uncertainty. Currently, the calculated D/H uncertainty cannot reach observational precision even with the recent LUNA precise \(\text{d}(\text{p},\gamma)^3\)He rate. From the nuclear physics aspect, there is still room to largely reduce the reaction-rate uncertainties; hence, further measurements of the important reactions involved in BBN are still necessary. A photodisintegration experiment will be conducted at the Shanghai Laser Electron Gamma Source Facility to precisely study the deuterium production reaction of \(\text{p}(\text{n},\gamma )\text{d}\).

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Data availability

The data that support the findings of this study are openly available in Science Data Bank at https://cstr.cn/31253.11.sciencedb.j00186.00429 and https://doi.org/10.57760/sciencedb.j00186.00429.

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  1. Key Laboratory of Beam Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Nuclear Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China

    Zhi-Lin Shen & Jian-Jun He

  2. Institute of Radiation Technology, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, Beijing, 100875, China

    Jian-Jun He

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All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Data calculation and analysis were performed by Zhi-Lin Shen, article ideas and revisions were performed by Jian-Jun He. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Zhi-Lin Shen and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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This work was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (No. 2022YFA1602401) and by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 11825504).

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Shen, ZL., He, JJ. Study of primordial deuterium abundance in Big Bang nucleosynthesis. NUCL SCI TECH 35, 63 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s41365-024-01423-3

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