Abstract
The risks of critical systems involved in key-recovery, key-escrow have barely taken to be seriously treated by the researchers. And the failures of even the best cryptographic techniques are often caused by the inherent security weaknesses in our computer systems rather than breaking the cryptographic mechanism directly. Thus key-recovery and key-escrow attacks are among the most important issues in protecting critical information systems. Proxy re-encryption, introduced by Blaze et al. in 1998, allows a proxy to transform a ciphertext computed under Alice’s public key into one that can be opened under Bob’s decryption key, without the proxy knowing any secret key of Alice and Bob, thus it can be used in modern critical information system well to avoid the key-recovery and key-escrow attack. In CANS’08, Deng et al. proposed the first IND-CCA2 secure proxy re-encryption without bilinear parings in the random oracle model. They left an open problem of constructing IND-CCA2 secure proxy re-encryption scheme in the standard model yet without pairings. In this paper, based on Cramer–Shoup encryption scheme, we try to solve this open problem by presenting a new proxy re-encryption scheme, which is IND-CCA2 secure in the standard model in a relatively weak model and does not use bilinear parings. Our main idea is roughly using the Cramer–Shoup encryption twice, but also taking care of the security in the security model of proxy re-encryption. We compare our work with Canetti–Hohenberger scheme II, the results show our scheme is more efficient. We also show its application in protecting the security of critical information systems.
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Note: \(t_p\), \(t_e\) and \(t_{me}\) represent the computational cost of a bilinear pairing, an exponentiation and a multi-exponentiation respectively, while \(t_\mathsf s \) and \(t_\mathsf{v }\) represent the computational cost of a one-time signature signing and verification respectively. \(|\mathbb {G}|\), \(|\mathbb {Z}_q|\), \(|\mathbb {G}_e|\) and \(|\mathbb {G}_T|\) denote the bit-length of an element ing groups \(\mathbb {G}\), \(\mathbb {Z}_q\), \(\mathbb {G}_e\) and \(\mathbb {G}_T\) respectively. Here \(\mathbb {G}\) and \(\mathbb {Z}_q\) denote the groups used in our scheme, while \(\mathbb {G}_e\) and \(\mathbb {G}_T\) are the bilinear groups used in CH scheme II, i.e., the bilinear pairing is \(e:\mathbb {G}_e\times \mathbb {G}_e\rightarrow \mathbb {G}_T\). Finally, \(|pk_\mathsf{s }|\) and \(|\sigma _\mathsf{s }|\) denote the bit length of the one-time signature’s public key and a one-time signature respectively.
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Acknowledgments
This work was supported by Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province (Grant No. 2014JM8300), the Changjiang Scholars and Innovation Research Team in University (Grant NO. IRT 1078), the Key Problem of NFSC-Guangdong Union Foundation (Grant NO. U1135002), the Major Nature Science Foundation of China (Grant NO. 61370078), China 863 project, the Fundamental Research Funds for the Center Universities (Grant NO. JY10000903001), Nature Science Foundation of China (Grant NO. 61103230).
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Wang, X.A., Ma, J. & Yang, X. A new proxy re-encryption scheme for protecting critical information systems. J Ambient Intell Human Comput 6, 699–711 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12652-015-0261-3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12652-015-0261-3