Nothing Special   »   [go: up one dir, main page]
Skip to main content

Advertisement

Springer Nature Link
Log in

Spatial variation of gully development in the loess plateau of China based on the morphological perspective

  • Research Article
  • Published:
Earth Science Informatics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Gullies characterized by frequent material exchange have profoundly affected the loess landforms evolution in the Loess Plateau of China. Accompanying gully development, various types of gullies have shaped the distinctive loess landforms. Thus, the spatial variations of gully morphology map the regional differences of gully development and loess landforms. Based on 6 key test areas with 5 m resolution DEM and 156 evenly distributed test areas with 25 m resolution DEM, a comprehensive gully-shape index system of topographic feature points, lines, and surfaces was constructed to describe spatial differences of the gully development. After comparing gully-shape indexes in the key test areas, an obvious correlation existed between these indexes and loess landform types. The gully development degree was low in Shenmu and Chunhua, high in Suide, Yanchuan, and Ganquan, while Yijun lay in-between. Using the method of Universal Kriging interpolation, a series of spatial interpolation maps of the gully-shape indexes were obtained, which revealed gully development degree in the whole Loess Plateau. Overall, The active areas of gully development were basically distributed along loess hilly ridges, loess hills, loess ridges, and in a few medium mountain areas, while the inactive areas were basically distributed in the thin loess coverage areas, including plains, river terraces, aeolian dunes, and a few loess platforms. Finally, the gully development regionalization was realized, which contained 6 subzones. These results provided significant references for loess landform research and soil erosion management in the Loess Plateau.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
$34.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or eBook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Bi LS, He HL, Xu YR, Wei ZY, Shi F (2011) The extraction of knickpoint series based on the high resolution DEM data and the identification of paleo-earthquake series: a case study of the Huoshan Mts. Piedmont fault. Seismology and Geology 33(4):963–977 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Cao JJ, Na JM, Li JL, Tang GA, Fang X, Xiong LY (2017) Topographic spatial variation analysis of loess shoulder lines in the loess plateau of China based on MF-DFA. ISPRS Int J Geo Inf 6:141. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi6050141

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cao JJ, Tang GA, Fang X, Li JL, Liu YJ, Zhang YT, Zhu Y, Li FY (2019) Terrain relief periods of loess landforms based on terrain profiles of the loess plateau in northern Shaanxi Province, China. Frontiers of Earth Science 13:410–421. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11707-018-0732-x

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Castillo C, Gómez JA (2016) A century of gully erosion research: urgency, complexity and study approaches. Earth Sci Rev 160:300–319. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2016.07.009

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chen H (1986) A preliminary study on geomorphic features of small drainage basins on the loess plateau in northern Shaanxi. Geogr Res 5(1):82–92 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Chen YZ (1984) The classification of gully in hilly loess region the middle reaches of the yellow river. Sci Geogr Sin 4(4):321–327 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Dai W, Yang X, Na JM, Li JW, Brus D, Xiong LY, Tang GA, Huang XL (2019) Effects of DEM resolution on the accuracy of gully maps in loess hilly areas. Catena 177:114–125. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2019.02.010

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dong XF, Liu LC, Wang JH, Shi J, Pan JH (2009) Analysis of the landscape change at River Basin scale based on SPOT and TM fusion remote sensing images: a case study of the Weigou River basin on the Chinese loess plateau. Int J Earth Sci 98:651–664. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00531-007-0271-2

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Florinsky IV (2002) Errors of signal processing in digital terrain modelling. Int J Geogr Inf Sci 16(5):475–501. https://doi.org/10.1080/13658810210129139

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Florinsky IV (2011) Digital terrain analysis in soil science and geology. Elsevier Academic Press, San Diego

    Google Scholar 

  • Hancock GR, Evans KG (2006) Channel head location and characteristics using digital elevation models. Earth Surf Process Landf 31(7):809–824. https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.1285

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hessel R, van Asch T (2003) Modelling gully erosion for a small catchment on the Chinese loess plateau. Catena 54(1–2):131–146. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0341-8162(03)00061-4

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jing K (1986) A study on gully erosion on the loess plateau. Sci Geogr Sin 6(4):340–347 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Jiang L, Tang GA, Zhao MW, Song XD (2013) Extraction and analysis of loess gully heads considering geomorphological structures. Geogr Res 32(11):2153–2162 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Korzeniowska K, Pfeiferc N, Landtwing S (2018) Mapping gullies, dunes, lava elds, and landslides via surface roughness. Geomorphology 301:53–67. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2017.10.011

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Li FY, Tang GA (2011) DEM based terrain factor of soil Erosion at regional scale and soil Erosion mapping. Advances in Cartography and GIScience 2:383–395. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-19214-2_26

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Li FY, Tang GA, Wang C, Cui LZ, Zhu R (2016) Slope spectrum variation in a simulated loess watershed. Frontiers of Earth Science 10(2):328–339. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11707-015-0519-2

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Li JW, Xiong LY, Tang GA (2019) Combined gully profiles for expressing surface morphology and evolution of gully landforms. Frontiers of Earth Science 13(3):551–562. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11707-019-0752-1

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Li JF, Li TW, Chen ZJ, Liu XJ, Tang GA (2005a) Research on channel network nodes based on DEM in hill and gully area of the loess plateau. Arid Land Geography 28(3):386–391 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Li ZL, Zhu Q, Gold C (2005b) Digital terrain modeling: principles and methodology. CRC Press, Boca Raton

    Google Scholar 

  • Liu K, Ding H, Tang GA, Song CQ, Liu YW, Jiang L, Zhao BY, Gao YF, Ma RH (2018) Large-scale mapping of gully-affected areas: an approach integrating. Geomorphology 314:13–26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2018.04.011

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Liu X, Wang L, Gao PL (2011) Extraction of stream runoff nodes based on geometric network. Science of Surveying and Mapping 36(5):85–86+ (in Chinese with English abstract)

  • Liu YB, Zhu XM, Zhou PH, Tang KL (1988) The laws of hillslope channel erosion occurrence and development on loess plateau. Memoir of NISWC Academia Sinica 7(1):9–18 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Luo LH, Li FY, Dai ZY, Yang X, Liu W, Fang X (2020) Terrace extraction based on remote sensing images and digital elevation model in the loess plateau. China Earth Science Informatics 13:433–446. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12145-020-00444-x

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Luo LX (1956) A tentative classification of landforms in the loess plateau. Acta Geograph Sin 22(3):201–222 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Lv GN, Xiong LY, Chen M, Tang GA, Sheng YH, Liu XJ, Song ZY, Lu YQ, Yu ZY, Zhang K, Wang MZ (2017) Chinese progress in geomorphometry. J Geogr Sci 27(11):1389–1412. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11442-017-1442-0

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McNamara JP, Ziegler AD, Wood SH, Vogler JB (2006) Channel head locations with respect to geomorphologic thresholds derived from a digital elevation model: a case study in northern Thailand. For Ecol Manag 224(1–2):147–156. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2005.12.014

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Na JM, Yang X, Dai W, Li M, Xiong LY, Zhu R, Tang GA (2018) Bidirectional DEM relief shading method for extraction of gully shoulder line in loess tableland area. Phys Geogr 39(4):368–386. https://doi.org/10.1080/02723646.2017.1410974

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Oostwoud Wijdenes DJ, Poesen J, Vandekerckhove L, Ghesquiere M (2000) Spatial distribution of gully head activity and sediment supply along an ephemeral channel in a Mediterranean environment. Catena 39(3):147–167. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0341-8162(99)00092-2

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Perron JT, Kirchner JW, Dietrich WE (2009) Formation of evenly spaced ridges and valleys. Nature 460:502–505. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature08174

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Qian KJ, Zhu HC, Li FY (2012) A method of deriving stream runoff nodes based on accumulation from DEM. Science of surveying and mapping 37(1): 28-29+59 (in Chinese with English abstract)

  • Qin FC, Zheng MJ, Sun X (1998) Correlation of Geomorphologic Factors in Small Watershed Area. Research of Soil and Water Conservation 5(3): 30–33+94 (in Chinese with English abstract)

  • Sharma A, Tiwari KN, Bhadoria PBS (2011) Determining the optimum cell size of digital elevation model for hydrologic application. Journal of Earth System Science 120:573–582. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12040-011-0092-3

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shi H, Shao MG (2000) Soil and water loss from the loess plateau in China. J Arid Environ 45(1):9–20. https://doi.org/10.1006/jare.1999.0618

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shruthi RBV, Kerle N, Jetten V, Abdellah L, Machmach I (2015) Quantifying temporal changes in gully erosion areas with object oriented analysis. Catena 128:262–277. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2014.01.010

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Song XD, Tang GA, Li FY, Jiang L, Zhou Y, Qian KJ (2013) Extraction of loess shoulder-line based on the parallel GVF snake model in the loess hilly area of China. Comput Geosci 52:11–20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cageo.2012.08.014

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tang GA (2014) Progress of DEM and digital terrain analysis in China. Acta Geograph Sin 69(9):1305–1325 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Tang GA, Ge SS, Li FY, Zhou JY (2005) Review of digital elevation model (DEM) based research on China loess plateau. J Mt Sci 2(3):265–270. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02973200

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tang GA, Li FY, Liu XJ, Yang X (2008) Research on the slope spectrum of the loess plateau. Science in China (Series E: Technological Sciences) 51(S1):175–185. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11431-008-5002-9

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tang GA, Song XD, Li FY, Zhang Y, Xiong LY (2015) Slope spectrum critical area and its spatial variation in the loess plateau of China. J Geogr Sci 25(12):1452–1466. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11442-015-1245-0

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tang KL, Zhang KL, Lei AL (1998) Critical slope gradient for compulsory abandonment of farmland on the hilly loess plateau. Chin Sci Bull 43(5):409–412 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Torri D, Poesen J, Rossi M, Amici V, Spennacchi D, Cremer C (2018) Gully head modelling: a Mediterranean badland case study. Earth Surf Process Landf 43(12):2547–2561. https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.4414

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Valentin C, Poesen J, Li Y (2005) Gully erosion: impacts, factors and control. Catena 63(2–3):132–153. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2005.06.001

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wang B, Zheng FL, Römkens MJM, Darboux F (2013) Soil erodibility for water erosion: a perspective and Chinese experiences. Geomorphology 187:1–10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2013.01.018

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wang TT (2015) A preliminary study on population character of loess gullies in small watershed. Dissertation, Nanjing Normal University (in Chinese with English abstract)

  • Wang TT, Yang X, Ye JJ, Wang CZ (2014) Identification of fluvial knickpoints and analysis of its scale effect based on DEMs. Journal of Geo-information Science 16(6):882–889 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Willett SD, McCoy SW, Perron JT, Goren L, Chen CY (2014) Dynamic reorganization of river basins. Science 343(6175):1248765. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1248765

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wilson JP (2012) Digital terrain modeling. Geomorphology 137(1):107–121. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2011.03.012

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wilson JP, Gallant JC (2000) Terrain analysis: principles and applications. John Wiley & Sons, INC., New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Wu XL, Xiong LY, Hu EL, Lu QH (2017) An adaptive approach to selecting accumulation threshold for gully networks extraction from DEMs. Geography and Geo-Information Science 33(4):93–98 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Wu YQ, Cheng H (2005) Monitoring of gully erosion on the loess plateau of China using a global positioning system. Catena 63(2–3):154–166. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2005.06.002

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Xiong LY, Tang GA, Strobl J, Zhu AX (2016) Paleotopographic controls on loess deposition in the loess plateau of China. Earth Surface Process and Landforms 41(9):1155–1168. https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.3883

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Xiong LY, Tang GA, Zhu AX, Yuan BY, Lu BY, Dang TM (2017) Paleotopographic controls on modern gully evolution in the loess landforms of China. Science China Earth Sciences 60(3):438–451. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11430-016-0211-5

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Xu Q, Kou PL, Wang CL, Yunus AP, Xu JQ, Peng SQ, He CY (2019) Evaluation of gully head retreat and fill rates based on high-resolution satellite images in the loess region of China. Environ Earth Sci 78:465. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-019-8483-x

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yang X, Dai W, Tang GA, Li M (2017a) Deriving ephemeral gullies from VHR image in loess hilly areas through directional edge detection. ISPRS Int J Geo Inf 6:371. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi6110371

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yang X, Li M, Na JM, Liu K (2017b) Gully boundary extraction based on multidirectional hill-shading from high-resolution DEMs. Trans GIS 21(6):1204–1216. https://doi.org/10.1111/tgis.12273

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yang X, Na JM, Tang GA, Wang TT, Zhu AX (2018) Bank gully extraction from DEMs utilizing the geomorphologic features of a loess hilly area in China. Frontiers of Earth Science 13(1):151–168. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11707-018-0700-5

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yang X, Tang GA, Liu XJ, Li FY, Zhu SJ (2009) Digital terrain analysis: theory, method and application. Acta Geograph Sin 64(9):1058–1070 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Yi HW, Tang GA, Liu YM, Yang X, Zhu HC (2003) Stream runoff nodes and their derivation based on DEM. Journal of soil and water conservation 17(3): 108-111+132 (in Chinese with English abstract)

  • Zhang LP, Ma ZZ (1998) The research on the relation between gully density and cutting depth in defferent drainage landform evolution periods. Geogr Res 17(3):273–278 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhang TZ (1993) Loess Plateau Outline. China Environmental Science Press, Beijing (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhou Y (2008) Investigation of loess positive and negative terrain based on DEMs. Nanjing Normal University, Dissertation (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhou Y, Tang GA, Yang X, Xiao CC, Zhang Y, Luo ML (2010) Positive and negative terrains on northern Shaanxi loess plateau. J Geogr Sci 21(1):64–76. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11442-010-0064-6

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhu HC, Tang GA, Li YS (2015) The losses gully feature points cluster and its spatial structure model. Sci Geogr Sin 35(9):1170–1175 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhu HC, Tang GA, Qian KJ, Liu HY (2014) Extraction and analysis of gully head of loess plateau in China based on digital elevation model. Chin Geogr Sci 24(3):328–338. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11769-014-0663-8

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhu HC, Tang GA, Wu LC, Qian KJ (2012) Extraction and analysis of gully nodes based on geomorphological structures and catchment characteristics: a case study in the loess plateau of North Shaanxi province. Adv Water Sci 23(1):7–13 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhu HC, Zhao YP, Xu YX, Liu HY (2018) Hierarchy structure characteristics analysis for the China loess watersheds based on gully node calibration. J Mt Sci 15(12):2637–2650. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11629-018-5000-8

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhu SJ, Tang GA, Li FY, Xiong LY (2013) Spatial variation of hypsometric integral in the loess plateau based on DEM. Acta Geograph Sin 68(7):921–932 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhu XM (1956) Classification on the soil erosion in the loess region. Acta Pedol Sin 4(2):99–115 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

We are grateful for the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 41930102, 41571383, 41771415, 41671389, 41801321).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Geography, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China

    Chenrui Li, Fayuan Li, Ziyang Dai, Xue Yang & Lanhua Luo

  2. Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing, 210023, China

    Chenrui Li, Fayuan Li, Ziyang Dai, Xue Yang & Lanhua Luo

  3. School of Geography Science, Taiyuan Normal University, Jinzhong, 030619, China

    Chenrui Li & Xujia Cui

Authors
  1. Chenrui Li
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Fayuan Li
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Ziyang Dai
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Xue Yang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Xujia Cui
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Lanhua Luo
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Fayuan Li.

Additional information

Publisher’s note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Li, C., Li, F., Dai, Z. et al. Spatial variation of gully development in the loess plateau of China based on the morphological perspective. Earth Sci Inform 13, 1103–1117 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12145-020-00491-4

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12145-020-00491-4

Keywords

Search

Navigation