Abstract
This paper examines a set of metaphors for describing, understanding and characterising the Mobile Internet. The metaphors are a result of extensive user studies in the US, Hong Kong and Europe in the late 2006 and early 2007. In these studies, we explored the user experience related to the Mobile Internet through in-depth contextual interviews with over 40 users, including a group in the US, which was deprived of their standard Internet PC access for several days. Our analysis of the collected data resulted in six metaphors that can be used as powerful creative tools in designing Mobile Internet applications.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Ailisto, H., Pohjanheimo, L., Välkkynen, P., Strömmer, E., Tuomisto, T., and Korhonen, I. (2006), Bridging the Physical and Virtual Worlds by Local Connectivity-Based Physical Selection. Personal and Ubiquitous Computing 10, pp. 333–344.
Brown, N., Read, D., and Summers, B. (2003), The Lure of Choice. Journal of Behavioral Decision Making. 16, 2003. Wiley InterScience.
Cooper, A. (1995), The Myth of Metaphor. Visual Basic Programmer’s Journal. June 1995.
Csikszentmihaly, M. (1990), Flow: The Psychology of Optimal Experience. New York: Harper and Row.
Hamilton A. (2000), HCI Metaphors Framed in a Wide-Ranging Look at Metaphoric Discourses. ACM Journal of Computer Documentation 24(4), November 2000.
Helsingin Sanomat (2007), Internetin käyttö kännykällä voi aiheuttaa suuren laskun. Retrieved Oct 13 2007 from http://www.hs.fi/talous/artikkeli/Internetin+k%C3%A4ytt%C3%B6+k%C3%A4nnyk%C3%A4ll%C3%A4+voi+aiheuttaa+suuren+laskun/1135228984663?ref=rss. [In Finnish]
Häikiö, J., Isomursu, M., Matinmikko, T., Wallin, A., Ailisto, H., Huomo, T. (2007), Touch-Based User Interface for Elderly Users. Proceedings of MobileHCI.
International Herald Tribune (2006), Briefly: Youth’s Suicide Prompts Mobile Phone Bill Limits. Retrieved Oct 15 2007 from http://www.iht.com/articles/2006/02/27/business/techbrief.php
Lakoff, G. (1993), The Contemporary Theory of Metaphor. In Ortony, A. (ed.), Metaphor and Thought, 2nd Edition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Pp. 202–251.
Lakoff, G. and Johnson, M. (1980), Metaphors We Live By. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Maglio, P. and T. Matlock. (1998), Metaphors We Surf the Web By. Workshop on Personalized and Social Navigation in Information Space, Stockholm, Sweden. Retrieved Oct 14 2007 from http://66.102.1.104/scholar?hl=en&lr=&q=cache:GNhHAJJxZ6kJ:www.cs.dal.ca/~jamie/course/CS/6606/handout/article_meta4surf.pdf+metaphors+web
Maslow, A. (1943), A Theory of Human Motivation. Psychological Review, 50, 370–396.
Palmquist R.A. (1996), The Search for an Internet Metaphor: A Comparison of Literatures. Proc. of ASIS 1996 Annual Conference. October 19–24, American Society for Information Science.
Ratzan, L. (2000), Making Sense of the Web: A Metaphorical Approach. Information Research, 6(1) Retrieved Oct 14 2007 from http://InformationR.net/ir/6-1/paper85.html
Read. D., Loewenstein, G. (1995), Diversification Bias: Explaining the Discrepancy in Variety Seeking between Combined and Separated Choices. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied, 1: 34–49.
Rheingold, H. (2000), The Virtual Community. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Rukzio, E., Leichtenstern, K. Callaghan, V., Schimdt, A., Holleis, P. & Chin J. (2006), An Experimental Comparison of Physical Mobile Interaction Techniques: Touching, Pointing and Scanning. In Proc. Ubiquitous Computing, September 19–12, Orange County, CA. Springer-Verlag. pp. 87–104.
SmartTouch (2007), Home page for the SmartTouch project. Retrieved Oct 14 2007 from http://www.smarttouch.org
Spröte, C. (2007), Image of Traffic design. Retrieved Oct 16 2007 from: http://www.flickr.com/photos/sproetchen/1092912082/ (Used under a creative commons licence.)
Stubblefield, W. (1998), Patterns of Change in Design Metaphor – A Case Study. In Proceedings of CHI98 Los Angeles CA USA, New York: ACM Press.
Thornburg, D. (2001), Campfires in Cyberspace. Education at a Distance, Vol. 15, No. 6.
Wired magazine (1999), No Credit Where It’s Due. 3.11.1999. Retrieved Oct 14 2007 from http://www.wired.com/politics/law/news/1999/03/18390
Acknowledgements
We would like thank all the anonymous users that participated in our user studies and without whom this work would definitely not have been possible. Thanks also to our colleagues who participated in our user research and/or helped us in writing this paper, namely, Alexa Andrzejewski, Todd Elliott, Sebastian Heycke, Julia Houck-Whitaker, Kim Lenox and Dan Saffer from Adaptive Path; Erkki Tanskanen and Anne Kaikkonen from Nokia and Juha Häikiö from VTT. Part of this work has been done in the SmartTouch project (ITEA 05024) and has been partly funded by Tekes, the Finnish Funding Agency for Technology and Innovation.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Isomursu, P., Hinman, R., Isomursu, M. et al. Metaphors for the Mobile Internet. Know Techn Pol 20, 259–268 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12130-007-9033-5
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12130-007-9033-5