Nothing Special   »   [go: up one dir, main page]
Skip to main content

Advertisement

Springer Nature Link
Log in

An OLSR-based Geocast Routing Protocol for Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks

  • Published:
Peer-to-Peer Networking and Applications Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In some Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs) applications, the geocast routing protocol is used for data transmission from a source vehicle to a group of vehicles located in a common region. Efficient data transmission to the destination region is one of the critical challenges of geocast routing protocols. In this research, the geocast routings are considered that exploit rateless coding to improve the reliability, and so packet delivery ratio. Some of these geocast routing methods use flooding schemes to deliver the messages to the destination region. However, in order to cut high overheads caused by flooding schemes, the routing protocols that use unicast routes for data delivery have been taken into account. In this way, recent geocast routing protocols exploit on-demand unicast routing methods such as Ad-hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV) to deliver the packets to the destination region and then broadcast them in that area. However, the packet delivery ratio and the delay of those methods are respectively lower and higher than flooding-based methods. This paper proposes to exploit the table-driven Optimized Link State Routing (OLSR) protocol to deliver the messages to the destination region. To customize the OLSR protocol for geocasting, we propose a number of modifications to message flows and data exchanges. Compared to on-demand geocast protocols, OLSR imposes lower message delay and delivers more messages to the destination region at a higher overhead expense. To overcome this overhead, we also propose algorithms to adjust the control message intervals of the OLSR protocol in each node. Simulation results show that our OLSR-based protocol demonstrates better performance in terms of delay and packet delivery ratio than those of the traditional AODV-based method and CALAR-DD protocol regarding various vehicles' densities, vehicles' velocities, message sizes, and destination region sizes. Compared to the traditional OLSR, using the tuned OLSR-based method has also significantly reduced the signaling overhead costs.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
$34.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or eBook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Ayyappan B, Kumar PM (2016) Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANET): architectures, methodologies and design issues. 2016 Second International Conference on Science Technology Engineering and Management (ICONSTEM).IEEE, pp 177–180

  2. Shrivastava PK, Vishwamitra LK (2021) Comparative analysis of proactive and reactive routing protocols in VANET environment. Measurement: Sensors 16:100051

  3. Mirsadeghi F, Rafsanjani MK, Gupta BB (2020) A trust infrastructure based authentication method for clustered vehicular ad hoc networks. Peer-to-Peer Netw Appl 14(4):2537–2553

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Nirmal PG, Deshmukh AR, Dorle SS (2016) A Survey on Geographical Routing Strategies in VANET. Int J Comput Appl 133(16):25–29

    Google Scholar 

  5. Fatemidokht H, Rafsanjani MK, Gupta BB, Hsu CH (2021) Efficient and secure routing protocol based on artificial intelligence algorithms with UAV-assisted for vehicular ad hoc networks in intelligent transportation systems. In IEEE Trans Intell Transp Syst 1–13

  6. Afzal K, Tariq R, Aadil F, Iqbal Z, Ali N, Sajid M (2021) An optimized and efficient routing protocol application for IoV. Math Probl Eng 2021:1–32

    Google Scholar 

  7. Sadakale R, Ramesh NVK, Patil R (2020) TAD-HOC routing protocol for efficient VANET and infrastructure-oriented communication network. J Eng 2020:1–12

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Kadhim AJ, Seno SAH (2019) Energy-efficient multicast routing protocol based on SDN and fog computing for vehicular networks. Ad Hoc Netw 84:68–81

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Nasiri A, Derakhshan F (2018) Assignment of virtual networks to substrate network for software defined networks. International Journal of Cloud Applications and Computing (IJCAC) 8(4):29–48

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Farooq W, Khan MA, Rehman S, Saqib NA (2015) A survey of multicast routing protocols for vehicular ad hoc networks. Int J Distrib Sens Netw 11(8):923086

  11. Kihl M, Sichitiu M, Joshi HP (2008) Design and Evaluation of two Geocast protocols for Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks. Journal of Internet Engineering 2(1):127–135

    Google Scholar 

  12. Joshi HP (2007) Distributed Robust Geocast: A Multicast Protocol for Inter-Vehicle Communication. MSc thesis, North Carolina State University

  13. Kihl M, Sichitiu M, Ekeroth T, Rozenberg M (2007) Reliable geographical multicast routing in vehicular ad-hoc networks. in Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics). vol. 4517 LNCS, pp. 315–325

  14. Hsu TH, Lo YC, Chiang MS (2011) A network coding based geocasting mechanism in vehicle ad hoc networks. in Communications in Computer and Information Science. vol. 150 CCIS, no. PART 1:223–232

    Google Scholar 

  15. Rezaeifar Z, Hendessi F, Ghahfarokhi BS, Gulliver TA (2015) A reliable geocast routing protocol for vehicular ad hoc networks. Wireless Pers Commun 83(1):281–295

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Patel DS, Patel A (2013) Reliable multicast AODV protocol for VANET using network coding. International Journal of Engineering Research and Technology 2(5)

  17. Venkatesh A, Murali R (2014) Routing protocols for vehicular adhoc networks (VANETs): A review. Journal of Emerging Trends in Computing and Information Sciences 5(1):25–43

    Google Scholar 

  18. Allani S, Yeferny T, Chbeir R (2018) A scalable data dissemination protocol based on vehicles trajectories analysis. Ad Hoc Netw 71:31–44

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Dora DP, Kumar S, Joshi M (2016) Impact of traffic signal on connectivity in intersection based connectivity aware geocast routing (IB-CAGR) in VANETs. 2016 3rd International Conference on Signal Processing and Integrated Networks (SPIN). pp 4–8

  20. Elangovan G, Ayyanar A (2017) A comprehensive study for geocast routing and its tool on VANET. International Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics 117(15):1177–1184

    Google Scholar 

  21. Li P, Zhang T, Huang C, Chen X, Fu B (2017) RSU-assisted geocast in vehicular ad hoc networks. IEEE Wirel Commun 24(1):53–59

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. An C, Wu C (2020) Traffic big data assisted V2X communications toward smart transportation. Wireless Netw 26(3):1601–1610

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Gurumoorthi E, Ayyasamy A (2020) Cache agent based location aided routing using distance and direction for performance enhancement in VANET. Telecommun Syst 73(3):419–432

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Husain A, Singh SP, Sharma SC (2020) PSO Optimized Geocast Routing in VANET. Wireless Pers Commun 115(3):2269–2288

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Gallego-Tercero LR, Menchaca-Mendez R, Rivero-Angeles ME, Menchaca-Mendez R (2020) Efficient time-stable geocast routing in delay-tolerant vehicular ad-hoc networks. IEEE Access 8:171034–171048

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Sardari M, Hendessi F, Fekri F (2009) DMRC: Dissemination of multimedia in vehicular networks using rateless codes. In IEEE INFOCOM Workshops 2009:1–6

    Google Scholar 

  27. Luby M (2002) LT codes. in The 43rd Annual IEEE Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science, 2002. Proceedings, IEEE, pp. 271–280

  28. Jacquet P, Muhlethaler P, Clausen T, Laouiti A, Qayyum A, Viennot L (2001) Optimized link state routing protocol for ad hoc networks. Proceedings. IEEE International Multi Topic Conference, 2001. IEEE INMIC 2001. Technology for the 21st Century., 2001, pp. 62–68

  29. Clausen T, Jacquet P (2003) Optimized Link State Routing Protocol (OLSR) RFC 3626. Network Working Group. Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF)

  30. Gulshan E, Kumar M (2015) OLSR routing protocol optimization for VANET. Int J 5(7)

  31. Huang Y, Bhatti SN, Parker D (2006) Tuning OLSR. In 2006 IEEE 17th International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications. pp 1–5

  32. Chauhan R, Goyal N, Kumar R (2016) A Review on Tuning Of OLSR Routing Protocol IN VANET. International Journal of Advanced Research and Innovative Ideas in Education 2(2):508–512

    Google Scholar 

  33. Gupta J, Verma A (2013) Exhaustive study on the infulence of hello packets in OLSR routing protocol. International Journal of Information and Computation Technology ISSN, 974–2239

  34. Sanguankotchakorn T, Wiriyapant S, Saengsrichun T (2015) OLSR Control Overhead and Power Consumption Reduction using Game Theory. Netw Protoc Algorithms 7(2):96–112

    Google Scholar 

  35. Su W, Lee SJ, Gerla M (2001) Mobility prediction and routing in ad hoc wireless networks. Int J Netw Manag 11(1):3–30

    Article  Google Scholar 

  36. Taleb T, Sakhaee E, Jamalipour A, Hashimoto K, Kato N, Nemoto Y (2007) A stable routing protocol to support ITS services in VANET networks. IEEE Trans Veh Technol 56(6):3337–3347

    Article  Google Scholar 

  37. Xu H, Wu X, Sadjadpour HR, Garcia-Luna-Aceves JJ (2010) A unified analysis of routing protocols in MANETs. IEEE Trans Commun 58(3):911–922

    Article  Google Scholar 

  38. Ch SB, Rao KG, Rao BB, Chandan K (2015) An Analytical Model for Evaluating Routing Performance of AODV Protocol for MANETs with Finite Buffer Capacity. Int J Appl Eng Res 10(17):37960–37972

    Google Scholar 

  39. Behrisch M, Bieker L, Erdmann J, Krajzewicz D (2011) SUMO–simulation of urban mobility: an overview. The Third International Conference on Advances in System Simulation. ThinkMind. SIMUL 2011. pp 23.-28

  40. Karnadi FK, Mo ZH, Lan KC (2007) Rapid generation of realistic mobility models for VANET. In 2007 IEEE wireless communications and networking conference. pp 2506–2511

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran

    Maryam Ataei Kachooei, Faramarz Hendessi & Mostafa Nozari

  2. Faculty of Computer Engineering, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran

    Behrouz Shahgholi Ghahfarokhi

Authors
  1. Maryam Ataei Kachooei
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Faramarz Hendessi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Behrouz Shahgholi Ghahfarokhi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Mostafa Nozari
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Behrouz Shahgholi Ghahfarokhi.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Kachooei, M.A., Hendessi, F., Ghahfarokhi, B.S. et al. An OLSR-based Geocast Routing Protocol for Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks. Peer-to-Peer Netw. Appl. 15, 246–266 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12083-021-01246-8

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12083-021-01246-8

Keywords

Search

Navigation